深海拖缆二维地震资料处理技术
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摘要
以琼东南盆地深海拖缆二维地震资料为例,针对深海拖揽资料存在的问题,按照三维观测系统定义方法划分面元,运用三维地震资料处理流程成功地解决了以下问题:①拖缆漂移所造成的非同相叠加和偏移成像模糊问题;②把气枪震源子波整形为最小相位后再进行反褶积,改善了反褶积效果;③在叠前道集上应用最大熵叠加法噪声衰减技术去除了浪涌产生的低频干扰;④利用水底库进行预测反褶积,有效压制了近道海底多次波;⑤摸索出了有效的成像方法。利用上述方法对琼东南实际地震资料的处理表明:地震资料的品质较以往常规处理的资料品质有了较大幅度的提高。
Taking 2D seismic data from deep-sea streamer in Qiongdongnan basin as an example and according to existed problems of data from deep-sea streamer, we partition bin according to the method the geometry defined and use 3D seismic data processing flow to successfully solve the following issues: stack without in-phase and migrated image smearing resulted from streamer feathering; ②first shaping airgun wavelet to minimum phase then deconvolution improving the effects of deconvolution; ③applying noise attenuation technique of maximum entropy stack in prestack gathers to eliminate low-frequency interference by rising waves; ④using water bottom library to carry out predictive deconvolution, which effectively suppresses sea-bottom multiple at near-offsets traces; ⑤finding out effective imaging approach,Using above mentioned methods for processing of real seismic data in Qiongdongna basin showed that in comparison with former ordinary processed data, the quality of seismic data have been greatly improved.
Taking 2D seismic data from deep-sea streamer in Qiongdongnan basin as an example and according to existed problems of data from deep-sea streamer, we partition bin according to the method the geometry defined and use 3D seismic data processing flow to successfully solve the following issues: stack without in-phase and migrated image smearing resulted from streamer feathering; ②first shaping airgun wavelet to minimum phase then deconvolution improving the effects of deconvolution; ③applying noise attenuation technique of maximum entropy stack in prestack gathers to eliminate low-frequency interference by rising waves; ④using water bottom library to carry out predictive deconvolution, which effectively suppresses sea-bottom multiple at near-offsets traces; ⑤finding out effective imaging approach,Using above mentioned methods for processing of real seismic data in Qiongdongna basin showed that in comparison with former ordinary processed data, the quality of seismic data have been greatly improved.
引文
[1]R E谢里夫,L P吉尔达特编;初英,李承楚,王宏伟等译.地震勘探学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999
[2]渥.伊尔马滋著;黄绪德,袁明德译.地震数据处理.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[3]刘喜武等.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1)
[4]张军华等.地震资料去噪方法、技术综合评述.地球物理学进展,2005,20(4)
[2]渥.伊尔马滋著;黄绪德,袁明德译.地震数据处理.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[3]刘喜武等.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1)
[4]张军华等.地震资料去噪方法、技术综合评述.地球物理学进展,2005,20(4)
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