地震物相分析方法与“甜点”预测
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摘要
地震物相是指地震物性相,即与储层物性相关的、地震弹性参数可分辨的属性类别。不同于地震岩相划分主要考虑岩性因素,地震物相划分不但要考虑岩性而且参考物性,同时要兼顾地震弹性参数的可识别性。为此,经过大量实践,总结提出了一套地震物相体预测计算的实现流程和关键技术。坐标转换技术可以将两个射线弹性阻抗合成一个新的阻抗数据体,用于识别地震物相。地震物相体可用于相控岩石物理统计分析,分地震物相做弹性参数—储层参数规律统计。地震物相分类可以包含储层分级方案,通过预测地震物相分类达到"甜点"预测目的。
Different from the seismic lithofacies mainly defined by lithologic factors,seismic reservoir property facies is related to reservoir physical properties and can be identified by seismic elastic parameters,which should take lithology and reservoir physical properties into account,as well as the identifiability of seismic elastic parameters in seismic facies classification.So after amount of experiment,we proposed a computation workflow and key techniques for the prediction of seismic reservoir property facies.Seismic reservoir property facies can be recognized by the coordinate transform technology,which combines two seismic ray elastic impedances into a new impedance data cube.Seismic reservoir property facies cube can be used for facies controlling statistical rock physics analysis and elastic parameter-reservoir parameter law statistics.Moreover,seismic reservoir property facies classifying can contain the reservoir classification scheme,so the sweet spot in the low porosity and low permeability reservoirs will be predicted.
Different from the seismic lithofacies mainly defined by lithologic factors,seismic reservoir property facies is related to reservoir physical properties and can be identified by seismic elastic parameters,which should take lithology and reservoir physical properties into account,as well as the identifiability of seismic elastic parameters in seismic facies classification.So after amount of experiment,we proposed a computation workflow and key techniques for the prediction of seismic reservoir property facies.Seismic reservoir property facies can be recognized by the coordinate transform technology,which combines two seismic ray elastic impedances into a new impedance data cube.Seismic reservoir property facies cube can be used for facies controlling statistical rock physics analysis and elastic parameter-reservoir parameter law statistics.Moreover,seismic reservoir property facies classifying can contain the reservoir classification scheme,so the sweet spot in the low porosity and low permeability reservoirs will be predicted.
引文
[1]谢玉洪,刘力辉,陈志宏.中国南海地震沉积学研究及其在岩性预测中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:58-59Xie Y H,Liu L H,Chen Z H.Application of seismicsedimentology on lithology prediction in South China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010:58-59
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[4]刘力辉,陈珊,倪长宽.叠前有色反演技术在地震岩性学研究中的应用[J].石油物探,2013,52(2):171-176Liu L H,Chen S,Ni C K.Application of prestackcolored inversion technology in seismic lithologystudy[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(2):171-176
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[9]刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):266-271Liu B G,Liu L H.Application of practical seismicsedimentary in depositional facies analysis[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):266-271
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[14]林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-72Lin C Y,Zhang X G,Dong C M.Concept of seismicsedimentology and its preliminary application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):69-72
[15]林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):1140-1144Lin C Y,Zhang X G.The discussion of seismic sedi-mentology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):1140-1144
[16]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的讨论[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-408Dong C M,Zhang X G,Lin C Y.Discussions on sev-eral issues about seismic sedimentology[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2006,41(4):405-408
[17]魏力民.川西新场蓬莱镇组层序地层研究与储层横向预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):220-225Wei L M.Study on sequence stratigraphy of pen-glaizhen formation in Xinchang,west Sichuan andreservoir lateral prediction[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(3):220-225
[18]陈昭国.四川盆地洛带气田蓬莱镇组储层沉积特征研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(4):407-412Chen Z G,The reservoir depositional charactaristicsof the Upper Jurassic Penglaizhen Formation in theLuodai gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal ofChengdu University of Technology(Science&Tech-nology Edition),2007,34(4):407-412
[19]黄思静,谢连文,张萌,等.中国三叠系陆相砂岩中自生绿泥石的形成机制及其与储层孔隙保存的关系[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,31(3):273-281Huang S J,Xie L W,Zhang M,et al.Formationmechanism of authigenic chlorite and relation topreservation of porosity in nonmarine Triassic reser-voir sandstones,Ordos Basin and Sichuan Basin,Chi-na[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2004,31(3):273-281
[20]艾华国,兰林英,曾小英,等.川西坳陷J3p组砂岩储层的成岩作用研究[J].天然气工业,2000,20(2):21-26Ai H G,Lan L Y,Zeng X Y,et al.A restarch on thediageneses of J3p sandstone reservoirs in West Si-chuan depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2000,20(2):21-26
[21]曹伟,刘纪常,陈伟明.成都洛带气田蓬莱镇组储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(1):78-81Cao W,Liu J C,Chen W M.Reservoir characters ofPenglaizhen formation in Luodai Gasfield,Chengdu[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1999,20(1):78-81
[2]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005:40-70Zhao C L,Zhu X M.Sedimentary petrology[M].Bei-jing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:40-70
[3]Avseth P,Mukerji T,Mavko G.定量地震解释[M].李来林,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2009:56-60Avseth P,Mukerji T,Mavko G.Quantitative seismicinterpretation[M].Li L L,translator.Beijing:Petro-leum Industry Press,2009:56-60
[4]刘力辉,陈珊,倪长宽.叠前有色反演技术在地震岩性学研究中的应用[J].石油物探,2013,52(2):171-176Liu L H,Chen S,Ni C K.Application of prestackcolored inversion technology in seismic lithologystudy[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(2):171-176
[5]刘力辉,李建海,杨晓,等.叠前AVO属性的地震岩性学探索与实践研究[J].石油物探,2013,52(2):53-58Liu L H,Li J H,Yang X,et al.Research and prac-tice of lithologic seismic prestack AVO attributetheory[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(2):53-58
[6]刘力辉,王绪本.一种改进的射线弹性阻抗公式及弹性参数反演[J].石油物探,2011,50(4):155-159Liu L H,Wang X B.Elastic impedance inversionbased on an improved ray-path elastic impedanceformula[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(4):155-159
[7]马劲风.地震勘探中广义弹性阻抗的正反演[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):118-124Ma J F.The generalized elastic impedance forwardmodeling and inversion method[J].Chinese Journalof Geophysics,2003,46(1):118-124
[8]刘力辉,王绪本,陈雪菲.地震地貌学在L区浊积砂体预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,52(2):99-102Liu L H,Wang X B,Chen X F.Application of seis-mic geomorphology on tuibidite in L area[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,52(2):99-102
[9]刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):266-271Liu B G,Liu L H.Application of practical seismicsedimentary in depositional facies analysis[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):266-271
[10]陈雪菲,王绪本,刘力辉.地震沉积学在D区的初步应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(2):126-131Chen X F,WangX B,Liu L H.Preliminary applica-tion of seismic sedimentology in region D[J].Com-puter Techniques for Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration,2010,32(2):126-131
[11]Zeng H L,Henry S C,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,partII:real seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522
[12]Posamentier H W,Kolla V.Seismic geomorphologyand stratigraphy of depositional elements in deep-water setting[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2003,73(3):367-388
[13]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):698-706Dong C M,Zhang X G,Lin C Y.Conception,methodand technology of the sedimentology[J].Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):698-706
[14]林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-72Lin C Y,Zhang X G,Dong C M.Concept of seismicsedimentology and its preliminary application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):69-72
[15]林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):1140-1144Lin C Y,Zhang X G.The discussion of seismic sedi-mentology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):1140-1144
[16]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的讨论[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-408Dong C M,Zhang X G,Lin C Y.Discussions on sev-eral issues about seismic sedimentology[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2006,41(4):405-408
[17]魏力民.川西新场蓬莱镇组层序地层研究与储层横向预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):220-225Wei L M.Study on sequence stratigraphy of pen-glaizhen formation in Xinchang,west Sichuan andreservoir lateral prediction[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(3):220-225
[18]陈昭国.四川盆地洛带气田蓬莱镇组储层沉积特征研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(4):407-412Chen Z G,The reservoir depositional charactaristicsof the Upper Jurassic Penglaizhen Formation in theLuodai gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal ofChengdu University of Technology(Science&Tech-nology Edition),2007,34(4):407-412
[19]黄思静,谢连文,张萌,等.中国三叠系陆相砂岩中自生绿泥石的形成机制及其与储层孔隙保存的关系[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,31(3):273-281Huang S J,Xie L W,Zhang M,et al.Formationmechanism of authigenic chlorite and relation topreservation of porosity in nonmarine Triassic reser-voir sandstones,Ordos Basin and Sichuan Basin,Chi-na[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2004,31(3):273-281
[20]艾华国,兰林英,曾小英,等.川西坳陷J3p组砂岩储层的成岩作用研究[J].天然气工业,2000,20(2):21-26Ai H G,Lan L Y,Zeng X Y,et al.A restarch on thediageneses of J3p sandstone reservoirs in West Si-chuan depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2000,20(2):21-26
[21]曹伟,刘纪常,陈伟明.成都洛带气田蓬莱镇组储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(1):78-81Cao W,Liu J C,Chen W M.Reservoir characters ofPenglaizhen formation in Luodai Gasfield,Chengdu[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1999,20(1):78-81
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