地震技术识别与描述超薄储层的潜力与局限
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摘要
自20世纪80年代中期以来,石油工业广泛使用地质、测井、地震数据多学科综合方法对储层进行描述,取得重大进展。近年来,利用地震勘探技术解决开发问题成为研究的热点,但许多正在使用的方法未经严格论证,因此,开展开发地震技术基础研究十分必要。提出了几个重要课题:①介质不均质尺度;②地质地球物理模型;③地震数据对层序体的分辨能力;④储层目标地震信号的频率选择;⑤开发地震高分辨率技术;⑥高分辨率地震解释思路;⑦储层表征与描述的局限性。探讨了开发地震技术研究尺度与分辨率的关系。讨论了储层目标的检测与拾取方法的基础。
The industry of petroleum have got along with using comprehensive methods of geologic, log, seismic data todescribe reservoirs since the mid of the 1980's. In recent years, it has become a topic of general interest that using seis-mic exploration techniques to solve the problems in development. The methods being used have been strict-ly demonstrated, so it is very necessary to develop the basic research of production seismic techniques. Several impor-tant topics are presented in this paper: ①heterogeneous scale of medium, ②geologic-geophysical model, ③resolutionof seismic data to sequence bodies, ④selecting the frequency of seismic signal to target, ⑤high resolution of exploita-tion seismic, ⑥The train of thought of high resolution seismic interpretation, ⑦limitation of reservoir characterizationand description. The relations between resolution and research scale of exploitation seismic techniques are discussed.The basic methods of detection and pick to target are also discussed.
The industry of petroleum have got along with using comprehensive methods of geologic, log, seismic data todescribe reservoirs since the mid of the 1980's. In recent years, it has become a topic of general interest that using seis-mic exploration techniques to solve the problems in development. The methods being used have been strict-ly demonstrated, so it is very necessary to develop the basic research of production seismic techniques. Several impor-tant topics are presented in this paper: ①heterogeneous scale of medium, ②geologic-geophysical model, ③resolutionof seismic data to sequence bodies, ④selecting the frequency of seismic signal to target, ⑤high resolution of exploita-tion seismic, ⑥The train of thought of high resolution seismic interpretation, ⑦limitation of reservoir characterizationand description. The relations between resolution and research scale of exploitation seismic techniques are discussed.The basic methods of detection and pick to target are also discussed.
引文
[1]王捷主编.油藏描述技术——勘探阶段.北京:石油工业出版社,1996
[2]杜世通主编.地震波动力学.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1996
[3]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part1:A data-driven interpre-tation methodology.The Leading Edge,1994,13(5):305￣310
[4]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part2:Using artificial neural networks for nonlinear attribute calibration.The Leading Edge,1994,13(6):674￣678
[5]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part3:A controlled study.The Leading Edge,1994,13(7):770￣776
[6]Brian Russell,Dan Hampson,Jim Schuelke et al.Multiattribute seismic analysis.The Leading Edge,1997,16(10):1439￣1443
[7]Quincy Chen,Steve Sidney.Seismic attribute technology for reser-voir forecasting and monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445￣456
[8]Catherine Lewis.Seismic attribute for reservoir monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):459￣469
[9]K Hirsche,S Boerner,C Kalkomey et al.Avoiding pitfalls in geo-statistical reservoir characterization:A survival guide.The Lead-ing Edge,1998,17(4):493￣504
[10]Maria Angela Capello de P,Michael Batzale.Rock physics in seismic monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1255￣1260
[11]Wayne D Pennington.Seismic petrophysics:An applied science for reservoir geophysics.The Leading Edge,1997,16(3):241￣244
[12]Cynthia T Kalkomy.Potential risks when using seismic attributes as predictors of reservoir properties.The Leading Edge,1997,16(3):247￣251
[13]Keith Hirsche,Jan Porter-Hirsche,Larry Mewhort et al.The use andabuseofgeostatistics.TheLeadingEdge,1997,16(3):253￣260
[14]Phillippe M Doyen.Porosity from seismic data:a geostatistical ap-proach.Geophysics,1988,10(6):1263￣1275
[15]S Gluck,E Jure,Y Lafet.Multichannel3D stratigraphic inversion of post stack seismic data.SEG66th Ann.Intern.Meeting,Expan-ded Abstracts,1996:1793￣1796
[16]Paulo Johann,Frederique Fournier,Pierre-Yves Dequirez et al.3D-reservoir characterization by stratigraphic inversion and pattern recognition.SEG66th Ann.Intern.Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1996:1797￣1800
[17]William E Galloway.Clastic depositional systems and sequence:Application to reservoir prediction,delineation,and characteriza-tion.The Leading Edge,1998,17(2):173￣180
[18]Steven Clawson,Paul favret.3-D reservoir characterization with horizon visualization and inversion animation.The Leading Edge,1997,16(12):1744￣1748
[19]Richard L Chambers,Jeffrey M Yarus,Kirk B Hird.Petroleum geostatistics for nongeostatisticians,Part1.The Leading Edge,2000,19(5):474￣479
[20]Richard L Chambers,Jeffrey M Yarus,Kirk B Hird.Petroleum geostatistics for nongeostatisticians,Part2.The Leading Edge,2000,19(6):592￣599
[21]S Gluck,E Jure,Y Lafet.High-resolution impedance layering through3-D stratigraphic inversion of poststack seismic data.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1309￣1315
[22]Sandra K Raeuchle,D S Hamilton,M Uzcategui et al.Integrating3-D seismic imaging and seismic attribute analysis with genetic stratigraphy:implications for infield reserve growth and field ex-tension,Budare Field,Venezuela.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1338￣1339
[23]Chip Story,Patrick Peng,Jian Dong Lin.Liuhua11-1Field,South China Sea:A ultrahigh-resolution3-D seismic,inversion,and at tribute-based reservoir modeling.The Leading Edge,2000,19(8):834￣844
[24]Rebecca Buxton Latimer,Rick Davison,Paul van Riel.An inter-preter's guide to understanding and working with seismic-derived acoustic impedance data.The Leading Edge,2000,19(3):242￣256
[25]E J H Rijks,J C E M Jauffred.Attribute extraction:An important application in any detailed3-D interpretation study.Seismic inter-pretation series29.Published by SEG,1990￣1992
[26]Mushin,Joseph A.Structure formation interpretation of seismic data.NEDRO,(Russian),1990
[27]Shitong Du.Joint inversion and its application in seismic sequence analysis.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1996:1991￣1994
[2]杜世通主编.地震波动力学.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1996
[3]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part1:A data-driven interpre-tation methodology.The Leading Edge,1994,13(5):305￣310
[4]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part2:Using artificial neural networks for nonlinear attribute calibration.The Leading Edge,1994,13(6):674￣678
[5]Philip S Schultz,Shuki Ronen,Masami Hattori et al.Seismic-guided estimation of log properties,Part3:A controlled study.The Leading Edge,1994,13(7):770￣776
[6]Brian Russell,Dan Hampson,Jim Schuelke et al.Multiattribute seismic analysis.The Leading Edge,1997,16(10):1439￣1443
[7]Quincy Chen,Steve Sidney.Seismic attribute technology for reser-voir forecasting and monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445￣456
[8]Catherine Lewis.Seismic attribute for reservoir monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):459￣469
[9]K Hirsche,S Boerner,C Kalkomey et al.Avoiding pitfalls in geo-statistical reservoir characterization:A survival guide.The Lead-ing Edge,1998,17(4):493￣504
[10]Maria Angela Capello de P,Michael Batzale.Rock physics in seismic monitoring.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1255￣1260
[11]Wayne D Pennington.Seismic petrophysics:An applied science for reservoir geophysics.The Leading Edge,1997,16(3):241￣244
[12]Cynthia T Kalkomy.Potential risks when using seismic attributes as predictors of reservoir properties.The Leading Edge,1997,16(3):247￣251
[13]Keith Hirsche,Jan Porter-Hirsche,Larry Mewhort et al.The use andabuseofgeostatistics.TheLeadingEdge,1997,16(3):253￣260
[14]Phillippe M Doyen.Porosity from seismic data:a geostatistical ap-proach.Geophysics,1988,10(6):1263￣1275
[15]S Gluck,E Jure,Y Lafet.Multichannel3D stratigraphic inversion of post stack seismic data.SEG66th Ann.Intern.Meeting,Expan-ded Abstracts,1996:1793￣1796
[16]Paulo Johann,Frederique Fournier,Pierre-Yves Dequirez et al.3D-reservoir characterization by stratigraphic inversion and pattern recognition.SEG66th Ann.Intern.Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1996:1797￣1800
[17]William E Galloway.Clastic depositional systems and sequence:Application to reservoir prediction,delineation,and characteriza-tion.The Leading Edge,1998,17(2):173￣180
[18]Steven Clawson,Paul favret.3-D reservoir characterization with horizon visualization and inversion animation.The Leading Edge,1997,16(12):1744￣1748
[19]Richard L Chambers,Jeffrey M Yarus,Kirk B Hird.Petroleum geostatistics for nongeostatisticians,Part1.The Leading Edge,2000,19(5):474￣479
[20]Richard L Chambers,Jeffrey M Yarus,Kirk B Hird.Petroleum geostatistics for nongeostatisticians,Part2.The Leading Edge,2000,19(6):592￣599
[21]S Gluck,E Jure,Y Lafet.High-resolution impedance layering through3-D stratigraphic inversion of poststack seismic data.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1309￣1315
[22]Sandra K Raeuchle,D S Hamilton,M Uzcategui et al.Integrating3-D seismic imaging and seismic attribute analysis with genetic stratigraphy:implications for infield reserve growth and field ex-tension,Budare Field,Venezuela.The Leading Edge,1997,16(9):1338￣1339
[23]Chip Story,Patrick Peng,Jian Dong Lin.Liuhua11-1Field,South China Sea:A ultrahigh-resolution3-D seismic,inversion,and at tribute-based reservoir modeling.The Leading Edge,2000,19(8):834￣844
[24]Rebecca Buxton Latimer,Rick Davison,Paul van Riel.An inter-preter's guide to understanding and working with seismic-derived acoustic impedance data.The Leading Edge,2000,19(3):242￣256
[25]E J H Rijks,J C E M Jauffred.Attribute extraction:An important application in any detailed3-D interpretation study.Seismic inter-pretation series29.Published by SEG,1990￣1992
[26]Mushin,Joseph A.Structure formation interpretation of seismic data.NEDRO,(Russian),1990
[27]Shitong Du.Joint inversion and its application in seismic sequence analysis.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1996:1991￣1994
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