汶川地震灾区应急影像地图制作技术
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摘要
结合汶川地震灾害应急对影像地图的需求,针对灾区分县1∶25000和1∶5000影像地图设计过程中的一些相关技术进行了试验和总结,为今后影像地图的设计与制作提供理论和方法上的参考。
Photomap,as a kind of map that integrates the map with the remote sensing image,has the advantages of both images and Line symbol maps and is the composite of multi-source spatial data.As a formation of map product,image-rich detailed photomap can provide fast and practical geographic information for many industries and communities,and direct its current and potential application in fields such as urban planning,infrastructure construction,disaster prevention and mitigation,environmental protection,agricultural planning,information management and national defense.Therefore,it is essential geospatial information.The Wenchuan photomap productions need to use the photogrammetric information of the earthquake-stricken area and high-resolution satellite remote sensing images.Using the photogrammetry and remote sensing technology,it needs to rapidly produce the orthoimages of the disaster areas,and moderately overlay 1:50000 core elements of the earthquake-stricken area to form sub-county wall photomaps,the region-wide photomaps of 1:25,000-scale and the urban and regional focus photomaps of 1:5000-scale.It can provide geographic information services in a timely manner for post-disaster damage assessment,disaster monitoring and survey,planning,and post-disaster reconstruction work.During the period of disaster emergency,according to the "producing as well as the application" principle,in only a month it has completed the production of 98 county photomaps of the 95 counties of whole coverage,the 2653 photomaps of 1:25,000 scale covering 95 counties and the 2114 photomaps of 1:5000 scale of key areas.They are being provided to the affected areas and government departments,and has played an important role in the analysis of the disaster assessment,planning,and post-disaster reconstruction work.Comparing with traditional types of ordinary maps,thematic maps and the comprehensive maps,photomap has not only the features of the traditional map,using the computer graphics technology,but also a large number of remote sensing image processing technology.It has a new production requirement for the content structure,the means of expression and the production process.
Photomap,as a kind of map that integrates the map with the remote sensing image,has the advantages of both images and Line symbol maps and is the composite of multi-source spatial data.As a formation of map product,image-rich detailed photomap can provide fast and practical geographic information for many industries and communities,and direct its current and potential application in fields such as urban planning,infrastructure construction,disaster prevention and mitigation,environmental protection,agricultural planning,information management and national defense.Therefore,it is essential geospatial information.The Wenchuan photomap productions need to use the photogrammetric information of the earthquake-stricken area and high-resolution satellite remote sensing images.Using the photogrammetry and remote sensing technology,it needs to rapidly produce the orthoimages of the disaster areas,and moderately overlay 1:50000 core elements of the earthquake-stricken area to form sub-county wall photomaps,the region-wide photomaps of 1:25,000-scale and the urban and regional focus photomaps of 1:5000-scale.It can provide geographic information services in a timely manner for post-disaster damage assessment,disaster monitoring and survey,planning,and post-disaster reconstruction work.During the period of disaster emergency,according to the "producing as well as the application" principle,in only a month it has completed the production of 98 county photomaps of the 95 counties of whole coverage,the 2653 photomaps of 1:25,000 scale covering 95 counties and the 2114 photomaps of 1:5000 scale of key areas.They are being provided to the affected areas and government departments,and has played an important role in the analysis of the disaster assessment,planning,and post-disaster reconstruction work.Comparing with traditional types of ordinary maps,thematic maps and the comprehensive maps,photomap has not only the features of the traditional map,using the computer graphics technology,but also a large number of remote sensing image processing technology.It has a new production requirement for the content structure,the means of expression and the production process.
引文
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Part3:1∶25000、1∶500001∶100000Map Pattern,National BasicScale Map[S],GB/T20257.3-2006
Prat2:1∶5000、1∶10000Map Pattern,National Basic Scale Map.GB/T20257.2-2006
Wang J Y,Wang G X.2007.The design and study of the photomapatlas of suzhou.Bulletin of Surveying and mapping,2(2):65—69
Zhao Z J,Cheng C Q,Wu L.1996.Research and practice on remotesensing imagery mapping on basis of GIS.Geographic Research,15(2)28—33
杜清运.2003.数字地图学发展的现状与趋势.地理空间信息,12(4):3—5
国家基本比例尺地图图式.第2部分∶1∶5000,1∶10000地形图图式GB/T20257.2-2006
国家基本比例尺地图图式.第3部分∶1∶25000,1∶50000,1∶100000地形图图式GB/T20257.3-2006
郭仕德,林旭东.2004.高空间分辨率遥感环境制图的几个关键技术研究.北京大学学报.自然科学版,40(1):116—119
何宗宜,刘新华.2002.浅论遥感影像地图的制作.测绘通报,(11):44—45
何宗宜.1995.地形图上主要内容选取指标的改进设想.测绘通报,2(1):37—40
李雪梅,庞小平,赵晶.2006.影像地图集矢量要素与影像的协调处理.测绘与空间地理信息,2(1):105—108
陆明华.2003.浅谈《上海市影像地图集》的设计思想.测绘通报,7(7):49—51
王家耀,王光霞.2007.苏州市影像地图集的设计与研制.测绘通报,2(2):65—69
赵振家,程承旗,邬伦.1996.基于GIS制作遥感影像地图的研究与实践.地理研究,15(2)28—33
Guo S D,Lin X D,Ma T.2004.Some key techniques research inenvironmental mapping using high spatial resolution remote sensed data.Acta ScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitatis Pekinensis,40(1):116—119
He Z Y,Liu X H.2002.On remotely sensed image map making.Bulletin of Surveying and mapping,(11):44—45
He ZY.1995.Improvements of the selected index of main elements onthe relief map.Bulletin of Surveying and mapping,2(1):37—40
Li X M,Pang X P,Zhao J.2006.Harmonized disposal betweenvector element and image in image atlas.Geomatics&Spatial inFormation Technology,2(1):105—108
LU M H.2003.A brief talk on design idea of image atlas of shanghai.Bulletin of Surveying and mapping,7(7):49—51
Part3:1∶25000、1∶500001∶100000Map Pattern,National BasicScale Map[S],GB/T20257.3-2006
Prat2:1∶5000、1∶10000Map Pattern,National Basic Scale Map.GB/T20257.2-2006
Wang J Y,Wang G X.2007.The design and study of the photomapatlas of suzhou.Bulletin of Surveying and mapping,2(2):65—69
Zhao Z J,Cheng C Q,Wu L.1996.Research and practice on remotesensing imagery mapping on basis of GIS.Geographic Research,15(2)28—33
杜清运.2003.数字地图学发展的现状与趋势.地理空间信息,12(4):3—5
国家基本比例尺地图图式.第2部分∶1∶5000,1∶10000地形图图式GB/T20257.2-2006
国家基本比例尺地图图式.第3部分∶1∶25000,1∶50000,1∶100000地形图图式GB/T20257.3-2006
郭仕德,林旭东.2004.高空间分辨率遥感环境制图的几个关键技术研究.北京大学学报.自然科学版,40(1):116—119
何宗宜,刘新华.2002.浅论遥感影像地图的制作.测绘通报,(11):44—45
何宗宜.1995.地形图上主要内容选取指标的改进设想.测绘通报,2(1):37—40
李雪梅,庞小平,赵晶.2006.影像地图集矢量要素与影像的协调处理.测绘与空间地理信息,2(1):105—108
陆明华.2003.浅谈《上海市影像地图集》的设计思想.测绘通报,7(7):49—51
王家耀,王光霞.2007.苏州市影像地图集的设计与研制.测绘通报,2(2):65—69
赵振家,程承旗,邬伦.1996.基于GIS制作遥感影像地图的研究与实践.地理研究,15(2)28—33
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