应用地震波形分类技术识别岩相的适用性和局限性
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摘要
地震波形分类技术在识别和划分岩相的应用中有其独特的优点,但也存在一定的局限性。通过针对不同岩相的大量实践,深入探讨了影响该技术的应用条件,系统总结了该技术识别岩相的适用性和局限性。研究表明:时窗类型及大小、地震属性体的选择是影响波形分类结果最重要的因素;不同的岩相在地震振幅、频率、相位、时间厚度上存在差异性是正确应用波形分类方法的前提;当岩相间的地震响应差别不明显,或同一岩相横向波形变化较快,无法建立统一的岩相地震波形特征时,波形分类方法的结果不能准确地划分岩相,也没有明确的地质意义。回归到岩相地震响应特点的分析,建立地震响应与岩相的对应关系,开展波形分类技术应用的先验性研究,是成功应用该技术的基础和关键。
The application of wave-form classification technology has several obvious advantages in identifying lithological faices.Nevertheless,its limitations are also existent.According to lots of practical applications in areas with different lithological facies,this paper deals explicitly with the factors affecting the application results.Also,the applicability and limitations of this technology in recognizing lithological faices have been analyzed systematically.Studies show that the type and length of time window and the selection of seismic attribute volume have the most significant influence on the utilization quality.In addition,the remarkable differences in seismic amplitude,frequency,phase,and time thickness of lithological facies constitute the fundamental basis for the appropriate use of the wave-form classification technology.When the seismic reflection responses between different lithologcial facies are not obvious,or the wave-forms change abruptly within the same lithological facies,the results have less geological meaning and are far from desirable.Focusing on the geophysical response features of lithological facies,establishing the relationship between seismic response and lithological facies and carrying out the trial application constitute the basic and crucial points for successful utilization of the wave-form classification technology.
The application of wave-form classification technology has several obvious advantages in identifying lithological faices.Nevertheless,its limitations are also existent.According to lots of practical applications in areas with different lithological facies,this paper deals explicitly with the factors affecting the application results.Also,the applicability and limitations of this technology in recognizing lithological faices have been analyzed systematically.Studies show that the type and length of time window and the selection of seismic attribute volume have the most significant influence on the utilization quality.In addition,the remarkable differences in seismic amplitude,frequency,phase,and time thickness of lithological facies constitute the fundamental basis for the appropriate use of the wave-form classification technology.When the seismic reflection responses between different lithologcial facies are not obvious,or the wave-forms change abruptly within the same lithological facies,the results have less geological meaning and are far from desirable.Focusing on the geophysical response features of lithological facies,establishing the relationship between seismic response and lithological facies and carrying out the trial application constitute the basic and crucial points for successful utilization of the wave-form classification technology.
引文
[1]江青春,王海,李丹,等.地震波形分类技术应用条件及其在葡北地区沉积微相研究中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):135-140.
[2]王锦程,刘子藏,李勇,等.地震波形分类技术在黄骅坳陷孔三段沉积体系分析中的应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2011,31(1):80-83.
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[10]陈方鸿.三维可视化地震相分析在沉积相研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):73-75.
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[12]张延章,廖前进,范军侠,等.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58-60.
[13]Abreu C E,Ribet B.Trace shape and multi-attribure seismic faciesanalysis applied to paleocene/eocene reservoirs on deepwater cam-pos basin[J].Revista Brasileira de Geofísica,2002,20(2):89-95.
[14]赵力民,郎晓玲,金凤鸣,等.波形分类技术在隐蔽油藏预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(6):53-55.
[15]唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金,等.波形分类方法在松辽盆地火山岩相识别中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):440-444.
[16]王明春,明君.一种变时窗地震波形分类技术及其应用[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(5):303-306.
[17]姚爽,阎建国,李雪峰,等.波形分类分析技术在复杂岩性储层预测中的应用研究—准噶尔盆地风南地区为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):486-490.
[18]洪忠,苏明军,刘化清,等.复杂岩性地区储层预测[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(6):38-46.
[2]王锦程,刘子藏,李勇,等.地震波形分类技术在黄骅坳陷孔三段沉积体系分析中的应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2011,31(1):80-83.
[3]洪忠,苏明军,李智勇,等.波形分类技术在滨海断鼻南部沉积相研究中的应用[J].四川地质学报,2010,30(1):108-110.
[4]邓传伟,李莉华,金银姬,等.波形分类技术在储层沉积微相预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):262-265.
[5]Harilal,Rao C G,Saxena R C,et al.Mapping thin sandstone reser-voirs:Application of 3-D visualization and spectral decompositiontechniques[C]//77th SEG Annual Meeting,2007.
[6]殷积峰,李军,谢芬,等.波形分类技术在川东生物礁气藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):53-57.
[7]程耀清,蔡冬梅.地震相技术应用实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(S1):79-82.
[8]李强,戴鸿鸣.地震波形分类技术在红浅一井区的应用[J].断块油气田,2007,14(1):14-15.
[9]于红岚,王英民,李雪.Stratmagic波形地震相分析在层序地层岩性分析中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(1):64-66.
[10]陈方鸿.三维可视化地震相分析在沉积相研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):73-75.
[11]邓传伟.利用波形建立地震相[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):539-542.
[12]张延章,廖前进,范军侠,等.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58-60.
[13]Abreu C E,Ribet B.Trace shape and multi-attribure seismic faciesanalysis applied to paleocene/eocene reservoirs on deepwater cam-pos basin[J].Revista Brasileira de Geofísica,2002,20(2):89-95.
[14]赵力民,郎晓玲,金凤鸣,等.波形分类技术在隐蔽油藏预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(6):53-55.
[15]唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金,等.波形分类方法在松辽盆地火山岩相识别中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):440-444.
[16]王明春,明君.一种变时窗地震波形分类技术及其应用[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(5):303-306.
[17]姚爽,阎建国,李雪峰,等.波形分类分析技术在复杂岩性储层预测中的应用研究—准噶尔盆地风南地区为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):486-490.
[18]洪忠,苏明军,刘化清,等.复杂岩性地区储层预测[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(6):38-46.
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