2011年9月10日瑞昌—阳新4.6级地震的震源破裂特征与区域强震危险性
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摘要
基于区域数字地震台网记录,采用HYPODD方法精确定位了2011年9月10日瑞昌—阳新地震序列的震源位置,采用CAP方法反演得到了4.6级主震的震源深度和震源机制解,并结合区域深度震相sPg、PmP和sPmP对主震震源深度进行了进一步确定,随后探讨了这次地震的震源破裂特征和所在区域的强震危险性.结果显示:瑞昌—阳新4.6级地震的震源深度为15±2km,震源机制解为节面Ⅰ走向30°,倾角86°,滑动角-169°,节面Ⅱ走向299°,倾角79°,滑动角-4°,发震构造为郯城—庐江断裂带往震区延伸隐伏的瑞昌—武穴断裂;本次地震发生在长江中下游断块东部,所在区域的5.5级以上地震具有明显的成组活动特征,近期显著地震集中发生在郯城—庐江断裂带南段及其分支断裂上,地震能量有加速释放的趋势,未来十年左右该区域存在发生6级左右强震的可能性.
Based on the records of regional digital seismic networks,we relocated precisely the MS4.6 Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake sequence of Sep.10,2011 with the HYPODD method,and obtained the focal depth and focal mechanism of the MS4.6 main-shock with the "Cut and Paste"(CAP) method.In order to determine the focal depth,we combined with local depth phases like sPg,PmP,and sPmP to research it,and further discussed the rupture characteristics of the event and the strong earthquake risk in the region.Our result shows that the focal depth of the MS4.6 Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake is 15±2 km and the best double couple solution is 30°,86°,and-169° for strike,dip,and slip angles respectively with the other nodal plane of 299°,79° and-4°.Combining with the rupture characteristics and the geologic settings in the region,we infer that the event is caused by the Ruichang-Wuxue fault which is the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault buried in the seismic zone.The Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake occurred in the east of the middle and lower Yangtze River fault-block,the MS≥5.5 earthquakes in the region show the obvious features of seismic grouping activity,and the recent significant earthquakes mostly occurred on the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault or its adjacent fault,which shows the tendency of accelerating energy release.So we should pay more attention to the risk of about M6 earthquake in the region in the future years.
Based on the records of regional digital seismic networks,we relocated precisely the MS4.6 Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake sequence of Sep.10,2011 with the HYPODD method,and obtained the focal depth and focal mechanism of the MS4.6 main-shock with the "Cut and Paste"(CAP) method.In order to determine the focal depth,we combined with local depth phases like sPg,PmP,and sPmP to research it,and further discussed the rupture characteristics of the event and the strong earthquake risk in the region.Our result shows that the focal depth of the MS4.6 Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake is 15±2 km and the best double couple solution is 30°,86°,and-169° for strike,dip,and slip angles respectively with the other nodal plane of 299°,79° and-4°.Combining with the rupture characteristics and the geologic settings in the region,we infer that the event is caused by the Ruichang-Wuxue fault which is the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault buried in the seismic zone.The Ruichang-Yangxin earthquake occurred in the east of the middle and lower Yangtze River fault-block,the MS≥5.5 earthquakes in the region show the obvious features of seismic grouping activity,and the recent significant earthquakes mostly occurred on the Tangcheng-Lujiang fault or its adjacent fault,which shows the tendency of accelerating energy release.So we should pay more attention to the risk of about M6 earthquake in the region in the future years.
引文
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[15]韦生吉,倪四道,崇加军等.2003年8月16日赤峰地震:一个可能发生在下地壳的地震.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):111-119.Wei S J,Ni S D,Chong J J,et a1.The 16 August 2003Chifeng earthquake:Is it a lower crust earthquake.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):111-119.
[16]黄建平,倪四道,傅容珊等.综合近震及远震波形反演2006文安地震(Mw5.1)的震源机制解.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):120-130.Huang J P,Ni S D,Fu R S,et al.Source mechanism of the2006 Mw5.1 Wenan Earthquake determined from a jointinversion of local and teleseismic broadband waveform data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):120-130.
[17]郑勇,马宏生,吕坚等.汶川地震强余震(Ms≥5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系.中国科学(D辑),2009,39(4):413-426.Zheng Y,Ma H S,LüJ,et al.Source mechanism of strongaftershock of(Ms≥5.6)of Wenchuan earthquake and theimplication for seismotectonic.Sci.China(Ser.D)(inChinese),2009,39(4):413-426.
[18]崇加军,倪四道,曾祥芳.sPL,一个近距离确定震源深度的震相.地球物理学报,2010,53(11):2620-2630.Chong J J,Ni S D,Zeng X F.sPL,An effective seismicphase for determining focal depth at near distance.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(11):2620-2630.
[19]罗艳,倪四道,郑勇等.汶川地震余震区东北端一个余震序列的地震学研究.中国科学(D辑),2010,40(6):677-687.Luo Y,Ni S D,Zheng Y,et al.A shallow aftershocksequence in the north-eastern end of the Wenchuanearthquake aftershock zone.Sci.China Earth Sci.,2010,53(11):1655-1664.
[20]Longston C.Depth of faulting during the 1986 Meckering,Australia,earthquake sequence determined from analysis oflocal seismograms.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:561-574.
[21]Ma S,Atkinson M G.Focal depths for small to moderateearthquakes(MN≥2.8)in western Quebec,southernOntario,and Northern New York.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2006,96:609-623.
[22]Kastrup U,Deichmann N,Frohlich A.Evidence for anactive fault below the northwestern Alpine foreland ofSwitzerland.Geophys.J.Int.,2007,169(3):1273-1288.
[23]张瑞青,吴庆举,李永华等.汶川中强余震震源深度的确定及其意义.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10):1234-1241.Zhang R Q,Wu Q J,Li Y H,et al.Focal depths ofmoderate-sized aftershocks of the Wenchuan Ms8.0earthquakeand their implication.Sci.China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2008,38(10):1234-1241.
[24]Skyes L R.Mechanism of earthquakes and nature of faultingon the mid-oceanic ridges.J.Geophys.Res.,1967,72(8):2131-2153.
[25]Oppenheimer D H,Reasenberg P A,Simpson R W.Faultplane solutions for the 1984 Mongan Hill,California,earthquake sequence:Evidence for the state of stress on theCalaveras Fault.J.Geophys.Res.,1988,93(B8):9007-9006.
[26]Snoke J A.FOCMEC:FOCal MEChanism determinations.//Lee W H K,Kanamori H,Jennings P C eds.International Handbook of Earthquake and EngineeringSeismology:Part B.San Diego:Academic Press,2003,12:1629-630.
[27]许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制.地震学报,2001,23(5):492-501.Xu Z H.A present-day tectonic stress map for Eastern Asiaregion.Acta Seismol.Sin.(in Chinese),2001,23(5):492-501.
[28]谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区.地球物理学报,2004,47(4):654-662.Xie F R,Cui X F,Zhao J T,et al.Regional division of therecent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):654-662.
[29]黄玮琼,李文香,曹学锋.中国大陆地震资料完整性研究之二——分区地震资料基本完整的起始年分布图像.地震学报,1994,16(4):423-432.Huang W Q,Li W X,Cao X F.Research on completeness ofearthquake data on the Chinese mainland(Ⅱ):The regionaldistribution of the beginning years of basically completeearthquake data.Acta Seismol.Sin.(in Chinese),1994,16(4):423-432.
[30]国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年).北京:地震出版社,1995:1-514.Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention,CEA.Catalogue of Chinese Historical Strong Earthquakes(beginning from the 23rd century B.C.and ending at 1911)(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:1-514.
[31]中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录(公元1912年—1990年MS≥4.7).北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999:1-636.Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention,CEA.Catalogue of Chinese Present Earthquakes(in the period of1912—1990 MS≥4.7)(in Chinese).Beijing:China Scienceand Technology Press,1999:1-636.
[2]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(S1):5-11.Zhang P Z,Deng Q D,Zhang G M,et al.Active blocks andstrong Earthquakes in Mainland China.Sci.China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2003,33(Suppl.):5-11.
[3]张国民,马宏生,王辉等.中国大陆活动地块与强震活动关系.中国科学(D辑),2004,34(7):591-599.Zhang G M,Ma H S,Wang H,et al.The relation betweenactive blocks and strong earthquakes in China.Sci.China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2004,34(7):591-599.
[4]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康等.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020-1030.Deng Q D,Zhang P Z,Ran Y K,et al.Basic feature ofChina active structures.Sci.China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2002,32(12):1020-1030.
[5]谢祖军,郑勇,倪四道等.2011年1月19日安庆ML4.8地震的震源机制解和深度研究.地球物理学报,2012,55(5):1634-1642.Xie Z J,Zheng Y,Ni S D,et al.Focal mechanism and focaldepth of the 19January 2011Anqing earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(5):1634-1642.
[6]吕坚,倪四道,沈小七等.九江—瑞昌地震的精确定位及其发震构造初探.中国地震,2007,23(2):166-174.LüJ,Ni S D,Shen X Q,et al.Discussion on preciserelocation and seismo-tectonics of the Jiujiang-Ruichangearthquake.Earthquake Res.China(in Chinese),2007,23(2):166-174.
[7]吕坚,郑勇,倪四道等.2005年11月26日九江—瑞昌Ms5.7、Ms4.8地震的震源机制解与发震构造研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(1):158-164.LüJ,Zheng Y,Ni S D,et al.Focal mechanisms andseismogenic structures of the Ms5.7and Ms4.8Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake of Nov.26,2005.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1):158-164.
[8]朱介寿,蔡学林,曹家敏等.中国华南及东海地区岩石圈三维结构及演化.北京:地质出版社,2005:50-51.Zhu J S,Cai X L,Cao J M,et al.The Three-DimensionalStructure of Lithosphere and Its Evolution in South China andEast China Sea(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2005:50-51.
[9]Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.A double-differenceearthquake location algorithm:Method and application to theNorthern Hayward fault.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2000,90(6):1353-1368.
[10]Waldhauser F,Schaff D P.Large-scale relocation of twodecades of Northern California seismicity using crosscorrelationand double-difference methods.J.Geophys.Res.,2008,113:B08311,doi:10.1029/2007JB005479.
[11]张天中,武巴特尔,黄媛等.近台资料对近震相对定位算法的影响.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1123-1130.Zhang T Z,Wu B,Huang Y,et al.Effect of the datarecorded at nearby stations on earthquake relative location.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1123-1130.
[12]Zhao L S,Helmberger D V.Source estimation frombroadband regional seismograms.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1994,84(1):91-104.
[13]Zhu L P,Helmberger D V.Advancement in sourceestimation techniques using broadband regional seismograms.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1996,86(5):1634-1641.
[14]Tan Y,Zhu L P,Helmberger D V,et al.Locating andmodeling regional earthquakes with two stations.J.Geophys.Res.,2006,111:B01306,doi:1029/2005JB003775.
[15]韦生吉,倪四道,崇加军等.2003年8月16日赤峰地震:一个可能发生在下地壳的地震.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):111-119.Wei S J,Ni S D,Chong J J,et a1.The 16 August 2003Chifeng earthquake:Is it a lower crust earthquake.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):111-119.
[16]黄建平,倪四道,傅容珊等.综合近震及远震波形反演2006文安地震(Mw5.1)的震源机制解.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):120-130.Huang J P,Ni S D,Fu R S,et al.Source mechanism of the2006 Mw5.1 Wenan Earthquake determined from a jointinversion of local and teleseismic broadband waveform data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):120-130.
[17]郑勇,马宏生,吕坚等.汶川地震强余震(Ms≥5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系.中国科学(D辑),2009,39(4):413-426.Zheng Y,Ma H S,LüJ,et al.Source mechanism of strongaftershock of(Ms≥5.6)of Wenchuan earthquake and theimplication for seismotectonic.Sci.China(Ser.D)(inChinese),2009,39(4):413-426.
[18]崇加军,倪四道,曾祥芳.sPL,一个近距离确定震源深度的震相.地球物理学报,2010,53(11):2620-2630.Chong J J,Ni S D,Zeng X F.sPL,An effective seismicphase for determining focal depth at near distance.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(11):2620-2630.
[19]罗艳,倪四道,郑勇等.汶川地震余震区东北端一个余震序列的地震学研究.中国科学(D辑),2010,40(6):677-687.Luo Y,Ni S D,Zheng Y,et al.A shallow aftershocksequence in the north-eastern end of the Wenchuanearthquake aftershock zone.Sci.China Earth Sci.,2010,53(11):1655-1664.
[20]Longston C.Depth of faulting during the 1986 Meckering,Australia,earthquake sequence determined from analysis oflocal seismograms.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:561-574.
[21]Ma S,Atkinson M G.Focal depths for small to moderateearthquakes(MN≥2.8)in western Quebec,southernOntario,and Northern New York.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2006,96:609-623.
[22]Kastrup U,Deichmann N,Frohlich A.Evidence for anactive fault below the northwestern Alpine foreland ofSwitzerland.Geophys.J.Int.,2007,169(3):1273-1288.
[23]张瑞青,吴庆举,李永华等.汶川中强余震震源深度的确定及其意义.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10):1234-1241.Zhang R Q,Wu Q J,Li Y H,et al.Focal depths ofmoderate-sized aftershocks of the Wenchuan Ms8.0earthquakeand their implication.Sci.China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2008,38(10):1234-1241.
[24]Skyes L R.Mechanism of earthquakes and nature of faultingon the mid-oceanic ridges.J.Geophys.Res.,1967,72(8):2131-2153.
[25]Oppenheimer D H,Reasenberg P A,Simpson R W.Faultplane solutions for the 1984 Mongan Hill,California,earthquake sequence:Evidence for the state of stress on theCalaveras Fault.J.Geophys.Res.,1988,93(B8):9007-9006.
[26]Snoke J A.FOCMEC:FOCal MEChanism determinations.//Lee W H K,Kanamori H,Jennings P C eds.International Handbook of Earthquake and EngineeringSeismology:Part B.San Diego:Academic Press,2003,12:1629-630.
[27]许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制.地震学报,2001,23(5):492-501.Xu Z H.A present-day tectonic stress map for Eastern Asiaregion.Acta Seismol.Sin.(in Chinese),2001,23(5):492-501.
[28]谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区.地球物理学报,2004,47(4):654-662.Xie F R,Cui X F,Zhao J T,et al.Regional division of therecent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):654-662.
[29]黄玮琼,李文香,曹学锋.中国大陆地震资料完整性研究之二——分区地震资料基本完整的起始年分布图像.地震学报,1994,16(4):423-432.Huang W Q,Li W X,Cao X F.Research on completeness ofearthquake data on the Chinese mainland(Ⅱ):The regionaldistribution of the beginning years of basically completeearthquake data.Acta Seismol.Sin.(in Chinese),1994,16(4):423-432.
[30]国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年).北京:地震出版社,1995:1-514.Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention,CEA.Catalogue of Chinese Historical Strong Earthquakes(beginning from the 23rd century B.C.and ending at 1911)(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:1-514.
[31]中国地震局震害防御司.中国近代地震目录(公元1912年—1990年MS≥4.7).北京:中国科学技术出版社,1999:1-636.Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention,CEA.Catalogue of Chinese Present Earthquakes(in the period of1912—1990 MS≥4.7)(in Chinese).Beijing:China Scienceand Technology Press,1999:1-636.
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