井间地震层析成像初始速度模型
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摘要
地震直达波走时层析成像可归结为求解一个大型的、稀疏的、常常是病态的线性方程组.求解方程组常用的迭代法,需要一个比较合理的初始猜测解,也即是初始速度模型.初始模型关系到反演的效率甚至成像的正确性.本文在前人研究基础上提出一种生成模型网格节点初始速度方法,假定震源到检波点路径为直线,记录每条射线穿过的单元和统计每个网格单元穿过的射线数目、自动拾取网格节点所在单元的数目等.实例中,由原始数学模型的正演旅行时资料生成节点初始速度模型,效果可以.最后,分别采用均匀模型和本文方法生成的初始模型进行迭代反演,通过比较,证实该自动生成节点初始模型的可行性和可靠性,并对存在的问题进行讨论和解释.
The direct wave tomography is to solve one large-scale,sparse,ill condition linear equation.The rational initial solution and speed model is commonly used in the iterative method of linear equation.The initial model concerns the exactness and efficiency in the inversion.The paper puts forward a method to produce the node initial speed of the models based on the former study.The straight line from source to receive is assumed especially,the program records the cells for each ray,and makes the statistics of the ray number cross each cell,automatically picks up the nodal number of cells and so on.In the instance it is fine that the initial node speed produced by the forward travel time based on the primitive mathematics model.Finally we made the iterative inversion between the homogenous model and the initial model produced by our method separately.We verify that the produced automatically model is the feasibility and dependability through comparing,and discuss and explain about the existing problem.
The direct wave tomography is to solve one large-scale,sparse,ill condition linear equation.The rational initial solution and speed model is commonly used in the iterative method of linear equation.The initial model concerns the exactness and efficiency in the inversion.The paper puts forward a method to produce the node initial speed of the models based on the former study.The straight line from source to receive is assumed especially,the program records the cells for each ray,and makes the statistics of the ray number cross each cell,automatically picks up the nodal number of cells and so on.In the instance it is fine that the initial node speed produced by the forward travel time based on the primitive mathematics model.Finally we made the iterative inversion between the homogenous model and the initial model produced by our method separately.We verify that the produced automatically model is the feasibility and dependability through comparing,and discuss and explain about the existing problem.
引文
[1]赵连锋.井间地震波速与衰减联合层析成像方法研究[J].成都:成都理工大学工学博士学位论文,2002.12.
[2]吴律.层析成像及其在井间地震中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.82~94.
[3]赵永贵,李勤,郭鸿,靳洪晓,王超凡.频率域地震吸收CT方法及其工程应用[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(1):107~112.
[4]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762~1769.
[5]Altan Turgut.Topvel:a fortran program for tomographic in-version of porosity and velocity structure in the subsurface[J].Computer&Geosciences,1993,19(4):511~532.
[6]常绪,卢孟夏,刘伊克.地震层析成像反演中3种广义解的误差分析与评价[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):695~701.
[7]刘良琼,刘江平,张英德.井间地震射线走时层析成像数值模拟[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(5):441~446.
[8]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,邹飞,姚振兴.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915~922.
[9]陈国金,高志凌,吴永栓.井间地震层析成像中自动生成初始速度模型的方法研究[J].石油勘探,2005,44(4):339~342.
[10]成谷,马在田,张金宝,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512~517.
[11]张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):600~610.
[12]Julian B R,Gubbins D.Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing[J].Geophys,1977,43,95~144.
[13]Moser T J.Shortest path calculation of seismic rays.Geo-physics,1991,56(1):59~67.
[14]张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,王妙月.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1467~1474.
[15]张建中,陈世军,余大祥.最短路径射线追踪方法及其改进[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):146~150.
[16]张美根,贾豫葛,王妙月,李小凡.界面二次源波前扩展法全局最小走时射线追踪技术[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1169~1175.
[17]段心标,金维浚.井间层析成像混合最短射线追踪旅行时反演[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(3):201~206.
[18]吴律,李秀渊,M.W.Teksoz.有限观测角层析研究[J].石油物探,1992,31(3):66~75.
[19]成谷,马在田,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像发展回顾[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):6~12.
[2]吴律.层析成像及其在井间地震中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.82~94.
[3]赵永贵,李勤,郭鸿,靳洪晓,王超凡.频率域地震吸收CT方法及其工程应用[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(1):107~112.
[4]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762~1769.
[5]Altan Turgut.Topvel:a fortran program for tomographic in-version of porosity and velocity structure in the subsurface[J].Computer&Geosciences,1993,19(4):511~532.
[6]常绪,卢孟夏,刘伊克.地震层析成像反演中3种广义解的误差分析与评价[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):695~701.
[7]刘良琼,刘江平,张英德.井间地震射线走时层析成像数值模拟[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(5):441~446.
[8]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,邹飞,姚振兴.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915~922.
[9]陈国金,高志凌,吴永栓.井间地震层析成像中自动生成初始速度模型的方法研究[J].石油勘探,2005,44(4):339~342.
[10]成谷,马在田,张金宝,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512~517.
[11]张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):600~610.
[12]Julian B R,Gubbins D.Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing[J].Geophys,1977,43,95~144.
[13]Moser T J.Shortest path calculation of seismic rays.Geo-physics,1991,56(1):59~67.
[14]张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,王妙月.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1467~1474.
[15]张建中,陈世军,余大祥.最短路径射线追踪方法及其改进[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):146~150.
[16]张美根,贾豫葛,王妙月,李小凡.界面二次源波前扩展法全局最小走时射线追踪技术[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1169~1175.
[17]段心标,金维浚.井间层析成像混合最短射线追踪旅行时反演[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(3):201~206.
[18]吴律,李秀渊,M.W.Teksoz.有限观测角层析研究[J].石油物探,1992,31(3):66~75.
[19]成谷,马在田,耿建华,曹景忠.地震层析成像发展回顾[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):6~12.
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