玉树地震滑坡体积、重力势能降与造成的区域质心改变定量研究
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摘要
以玉树地震触发滑坡为例,开展地震滑坡体积、物质重力势能降与造成的地貌改变量的定量研究。研究结果表明:(1)玉树地震使2.94×106m3物质发生滑动,研究区内平均(剥蚀)厚度为2mm。(2)滑坡物质约从4140.681~4147.539m的位置滑向了4106.394~4113.251m的位置,平均垂直下降的高度为27.430~41.145m。(3)滑坡造成的物质重力势能降是(2~3)×1012J。(4)假设滑坡堆积物质后来在外力作用下,全部消亡或被带出了研究区,则整个区域内的平均高程由4427.160m变成了4427.158m;若滑坡物质没有被带出研究区,则研究区内的平均高程不发生任何变化,与震前的一致。(5)假设滑坡堆积体后来全部被外力带出研究区,则整个研究区的质心从2222.45967m的位置下降到2222.45867m的位置,质心下降了1mm;假设滑坡堆积体保持了滑动后的状态,则整个区域的质心下降了0.0066~0.0099mm。
As the main form of seismic ground response, landslides triggered by earthquake have received much attention in recent years. However, the researches on landslides volume, gravitational potential energy reduction triggered by earthquake and resulting in regional centroid change are almost absent. The aim of the study is to carry out quantitative study on landslide volume, gravitational potential energy reduction, and resulting in regional centroid change triggered by 2010 Yushu earthquake. The results show that (1) the total volume of the 2036 landslides triggered by the Yushu earthquake is 2.94×106m3 and the landslide erosion thickness throughout the study area is 2mm. (2) The materials of these landslides moved from the elevation of 4140.681m ~4147.539m to the elevation of 4106.394~4113.251m, resulting in the average dropped distance of 27.430~41.145m. (3) The gravitational potential energy reduction related to the landslides is (2~3) ×1012J. (4) The average regional elevation of the study area is 4427.160m. The value is constant with the assumption that the accumulation materials retain in situ. Whereas it changes from 4427.160m to 4427.158m under the situation of all landslide materials moved out of the study area. (5) Based on the assumption that all landslide materials moved out of the study area, the elevations of the crust centroid for the study area changes from 2222.45967m to 2222.45867m, that means, due to the landslides the dropping value of crust centroid for the study area is 1mm. Whereas the value is 0.0066~0.0099mm, assuming that the materials retain in situ.
As the main form of seismic ground response, landslides triggered by earthquake have received much attention in recent years. However, the researches on landslides volume, gravitational potential energy reduction triggered by earthquake and resulting in regional centroid change are almost absent. The aim of the study is to carry out quantitative study on landslide volume, gravitational potential energy reduction, and resulting in regional centroid change triggered by 2010 Yushu earthquake. The results show that (1) the total volume of the 2036 landslides triggered by the Yushu earthquake is 2.94×106m3 and the landslide erosion thickness throughout the study area is 2mm. (2) The materials of these landslides moved from the elevation of 4140.681m ~4147.539m to the elevation of 4106.394~4113.251m, resulting in the average dropped distance of 27.430~41.145m. (3) The gravitational potential energy reduction related to the landslides is (2~3) ×1012J. (4) The average regional elevation of the study area is 4427.160m. The value is constant with the assumption that the accumulation materials retain in situ. Whereas it changes from 4427.160m to 4427.158m under the situation of all landslide materials moved out of the study area. (5) Based on the assumption that all landslide materials moved out of the study area, the elevations of the crust centroid for the study area changes from 2222.45967m to 2222.45867m, that means, due to the landslides the dropping value of crust centroid for the study area is 1mm. Whereas the value is 0.0066~0.0099mm, assuming that the materials retain in situ.
引文
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