海上地震勘探多缆定位技术研究
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摘要
水下多缆定位系统采用GPS浮标、声学设备、测深计、磁罗盘等构成组合定位系统,在拖缆前、后两端布放GPS浮标,在每条拖缆间隔一定距离布放声学换能器、测深计、电子罗盘等构成定位阵元,具有实时性、相对性、容错性、综合性的特点。其关键技术包括组合定位数据融合、长基线水声定位、合理的声学阵型设计、大容量长距离数据传输链路等。文中对采用上述技术的难点提出了有效的解决方法,定位模型建立及仿真试算结果表明,本文所采用的定位模型及修正方法能保证6km长的拖缆定位误差小于8m。
The underwater multi-streamer positioning system is composite positioning system constructed by GPS buoy,acoustic equipment,sounding device and magnetic compass,in which the GPS buoy is deployed in both front-end and back-end of streamer,the positioning arrays consisted of the acoustic transducer,sounding device and electric compass are deployed on streamer at a certain distance interval respectively,which is characteristics of real time,relativism,fault tolerance and integrity. The key techniques include composite positioning data fusion,long base-line acoustic positioning,reasonable acoustic array design and large-volume and long-distance data transmission link. The paper presented an effective solution for the difficulties of abovementioned techniques. It is showed by positioning model and simulation test that the positioning model and modified method presented in the paper are able to guarantee that the positioning error of 6000m streamer is less than 8m.
The underwater multi-streamer positioning system is composite positioning system constructed by GPS buoy,acoustic equipment,sounding device and magnetic compass,in which the GPS buoy is deployed in both front-end and back-end of streamer,the positioning arrays consisted of the acoustic transducer,sounding device and electric compass are deployed on streamer at a certain distance interval respectively,which is characteristics of real time,relativism,fault tolerance and integrity. The key techniques include composite positioning data fusion,long base-line acoustic positioning,reasonable acoustic array design and large-volume and long-distance data transmission link. The paper presented an effective solution for the difficulties of abovementioned techniques. It is showed by positioning model and simulation test that the positioning model and modified method presented in the paper are able to guarantee that the positioning error of 6000m streamer is less than 8m.
引文
[1]Musser J A,Burnham M.Streamer positioning and spread stabilization for4D seismic.Expanded Ab-stracts of76th SEG Mtg,2006,6～9
[2]Phil Christie,David Nichols,Tony Curtis,Leif Lars-en.Raising the standards of seismic data quality.Oil-field Review,2001,2:16～31
[3]Martin Widmaier,Andrew Long,Barbara Danielsen,Stian Hegna.Recent experience with4D marine seis-mic acquisition.The Leading Eage,2005,23:77～80
[4]Wu Jiaming,Allen T Chwang.Ahydrodynamic model of a two-part underwater towed system.Ocean Engi-neering,2000,27:495～472
[5]Douglas C Gilbert.Seismic streamer position and esti-mation.IEEE,1981:1077～1081
[6]Harold T.VincentⅡ,Models,algorithms,and meas-ure ments for underwater acoustic positioning[D].University of Rhode island,2001:75～89
[7]N Zinn and P J V.Rapatz.Reliability analysis in ma-rine seismic networks.The Hydrographic Journal,1995,(76):43～57
[8]Gikas V,P A Cross,A Asiama-Akuamaoa.Arigor-ous and integrated approach to hydrophone and source positioning during multi-streamer offshore seismic.The Hydrographic Journal,1995,(77):90～96
[9]Ouair Y E,Stronen L K.Value creation from4D seismic at the Gullfaks Field:achievements and new challenges.Expanded Abstracts of76th SEG Mtg,2006,3250～3254.
[10]Waite A D.Sonar for Practising Engineers.John Wiley&Sons Ltd,2002:50～62
[11]吴永亭,周兴华,杨龙.水下声学定位系统及其应用.海洋测绘,2003,18～21
[12]王权,程鹏飞,章传银.差分GPS水下立体定位系统.测绘科学,2006,18～20
[2]Phil Christie,David Nichols,Tony Curtis,Leif Lars-en.Raising the standards of seismic data quality.Oil-field Review,2001,2:16～31
[3]Martin Widmaier,Andrew Long,Barbara Danielsen,Stian Hegna.Recent experience with4D marine seis-mic acquisition.The Leading Eage,2005,23:77～80
[4]Wu Jiaming,Allen T Chwang.Ahydrodynamic model of a two-part underwater towed system.Ocean Engi-neering,2000,27:495～472
[5]Douglas C Gilbert.Seismic streamer position and esti-mation.IEEE,1981:1077～1081
[6]Harold T.VincentⅡ,Models,algorithms,and meas-ure ments for underwater acoustic positioning[D].University of Rhode island,2001:75～89
[7]N Zinn and P J V.Rapatz.Reliability analysis in ma-rine seismic networks.The Hydrographic Journal,1995,(76):43～57
[8]Gikas V,P A Cross,A Asiama-Akuamaoa.Arigor-ous and integrated approach to hydrophone and source positioning during multi-streamer offshore seismic.The Hydrographic Journal,1995,(77):90～96
[9]Ouair Y E,Stronen L K.Value creation from4D seismic at the Gullfaks Field:achievements and new challenges.Expanded Abstracts of76th SEG Mtg,2006,3250～3254.
[10]Waite A D.Sonar for Practising Engineers.John Wiley&Sons Ltd,2002:50～62
[11]吴永亭,周兴华,杨龙.水下声学定位系统及其应用.海洋测绘,2003,18～21
[12]王权,程鹏飞,章传银.差分GPS水下立体定位系统.测绘科学,2006,18～20
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