基于空间子集的地震数据分析方法(英文)
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摘要
野外空间采样密度的提高将增加室内数据分析的工作量,常规的基于地震数据的点与线分析方法有一定的局限性。本文简要说明空间子集的抽取方法,列举了正交子集和斜交子集的特点,并通过三维可视化展示了子集数据的空间特性。提出在数据处理中利用子集的时间切片:(1)分析地震道空间分布的均匀性和规则性;(2)研究面波及规则干扰的空间分布特点;(3)检测叠前数据中的异常信息;(4)监控叠前去噪的效果。实际数据的应用结果表明基于空间子集的分析方法是一种独特有效的地震数据分析方法,从另一种视角观察地震数据,可以发现其中某些新的特征,以提高处理人员对数据的洞察能力。
There are some limitations when we apply conventional methods to analyze the massive amounts of seismic data acquired with high-density spatial sampling since processors usually obtain the properties of raw data from common shot gathers or other datasets located at certain points or along lines. We propose a novel method in this paper to observe seismic data on time slices from spatial subsets. The composition of a spatial subset and the unique character of orthogonal or oblique subsets are described and pre-stack subsets are shown by 3D visualization. In seismic data processing, spatial subsets can be used for the following aspects: (1) to check the trace distribution uniformity and regularity; (2) to observe the main features of ground-roll and linear noise; (3) to find abnormal traces from slices of datasets; and (4) to QC the results of pre-stack noise attenuation. The field data application shows that seismic data analysis in spatial subsets is an effective method that may lead to a better discrimination among various wavefields and help us obtain more information.
There are some limitations when we apply conventional methods to analyze the massive amounts of seismic data acquired with high-density spatial sampling since processors usually obtain the properties of raw data from common shot gathers or other datasets located at certain points or along lines. We propose a novel method in this paper to observe seismic data on time slices from spatial subsets. The composition of a spatial subset and the unique character of orthogonal or oblique subsets are described and pre-stack subsets are shown by 3D visualization. In seismic data processing, spatial subsets can be used for the following aspects: (1) to check the trace distribution uniformity and regularity; (2) to observe the main features of ground-roll and linear noise; (3) to find abnormal traces from slices of datasets; and (4) to QC the results of pre-stack noise attenuation. The field data application shows that seismic data analysis in spatial subsets is an effective method that may lead to a better discrimination among various wavefields and help us obtain more information.
引文
Cai,X.L.,and Lu,Y.M.,2005,Time-frequency analysis and frequency-divisional processing of seismic data:Progress in Exploration Geophysics,l28(4),265-270.
Cai,X.L.Liu,X.W.,Wang,Y.J.,Lu Y.M.,Nie,H.M.,2006,Surface-consistence statistical autocorrelation of seismic data:Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,45(4),390-396.
Di,B.R.,Xiong,J.L.,and Yue,Y.,2006,Analysis on influence of bin size on resolution of seismic imaging:study of acquisition parameters based on seismic physical modeling:Oil Geophysical Prospecting,41(4),363-368.
Vermeer,G.,2002,3D seismic survey design:Geophysical References Series,12,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,1-2,21-25.
Marfurt,K.J.,Scheet,R.M.,Sharp,J.A.,and Harper,M.G.,1998,Suppression of the acquisition footprint for seismic sequence attribute mapping:Geophysics,63(3),1024-1035.
Peng,Q.Z.,Shao,H.Z,and Li,M.,2006,Signal analysis:Electronics Industry Publishing House,China,145-165.
Rietveld,W.E.,Kommedal,J.H.,and Marfurt,K.J.,1999,The effect of 3-D prestack seismic migration on seismic coherence and amplitude variability:Geophysics,64(5),1553-1561.
Zhang,X.D.,2002,Modern signal processing(the second edition):The Tsinghua University Publishing House,China,263-278.
Cai,X.L.Liu,X.W.,Wang,Y.J.,Lu Y.M.,Nie,H.M.,2006,Surface-consistence statistical autocorrelation of seismic data:Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,45(4),390-396.
Di,B.R.,Xiong,J.L.,and Yue,Y.,2006,Analysis on influence of bin size on resolution of seismic imaging:study of acquisition parameters based on seismic physical modeling:Oil Geophysical Prospecting,41(4),363-368.
Vermeer,G.,2002,3D seismic survey design:Geophysical References Series,12,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,1-2,21-25.
Marfurt,K.J.,Scheet,R.M.,Sharp,J.A.,and Harper,M.G.,1998,Suppression of the acquisition footprint for seismic sequence attribute mapping:Geophysics,63(3),1024-1035.
Peng,Q.Z.,Shao,H.Z,and Li,M.,2006,Signal analysis:Electronics Industry Publishing House,China,145-165.
Rietveld,W.E.,Kommedal,J.H.,and Marfurt,K.J.,1999,The effect of 3-D prestack seismic migration on seismic coherence and amplitude variability:Geophysics,64(5),1553-1561.
Zhang,X.D.,2002,Modern signal processing(the second edition):The Tsinghua University Publishing House,China,263-278.
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