利用露头、自然伽玛、岩石地球化学和测井地震一体化综合厘定层序界面——以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例
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摘要
基于层序地层单元形成过程中古气候环境及其控制下的湖平面突变面,以及层序单元中岩石粘土矿物、微量元素、镜质体反射率等微观参数突变面具有良好响应的原理,通过开展四川盆地上三叠统须家河组实测野外地质剖面、地震剖面、电测曲线等常规识别方法,结合野外自然伽玛数据测量、岩石地球化学特征等微观综合识别层序界面方法,最终在四川盆地上三叠统须家河组地层中识别出7个层序界面,据此划分为6个三级层序。为减少层序地层研究中依靠人为经验识别层序界面的随意性,探索建立综合识别层序界面,对建立划分层序格架的精确方法提供新的尝试。
Seven sequence boundaries in the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of Sichuan basin were identified based on actual measurement of geological cross sections,seismic profile,electrical measuring curves and microscopic integrated identification of sequence boundary,such as field measured gamma data and rock geochemistry;because the good reflection between the abrupt lake changes controlled by paleoclimate and microcosmic information of clay mineral,trace element,vitrinite reflectance(RO) in the sequence unit during the formation of sequence units.Thus,the six third-rank sequences were classified.This research result will try to reduce the artificially empirical randomness in identifying the sequence boundary,and setup the integrated identification the sequence boundary and the precise classification of the sequence framework.
Seven sequence boundaries in the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of Sichuan basin were identified based on actual measurement of geological cross sections,seismic profile,electrical measuring curves and microscopic integrated identification of sequence boundary,such as field measured gamma data and rock geochemistry;because the good reflection between the abrupt lake changes controlled by paleoclimate and microcosmic information of clay mineral,trace element,vitrinite reflectance(RO) in the sequence unit during the formation of sequence units.Thus,the six third-rank sequences were classified.This research result will try to reduce the artificially empirical randomness in identifying the sequence boundary,and setup the integrated identification the sequence boundary and the precise classification of the sequence framework.
引文
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[22]Zhao Yongsheng.A preliminary study on the relationship be-tween the characteristics of clay mineral assembkage and sedi-mentary environments in down-faulted lake basins of Xingyunlake,Yunnan province[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1993,24(5):446-455.[赵永胜.云南星云湖断陷湖盆中粘土矿物组合特征与沉积环境的初步探讨[J].海洋与湖沼,1993,24(5):446-455.]
[23]Blaise B.Clay minerals assemblages from late quaternary de-positson,Vancouver island,southwestern British Columbia,Canada[J].Quaternary Research,1989,31:41-56.
[24]Singer A.The paleoclimatic interpretation of clay minerals insoils and weathering profiles[J].Earth Science Reviews,1980,15:303-326.
[25]Hu Shouquan,Zhang Yonggui,Yan Qibin.Lithologic-geochemicalcyclicity in every system tract of Terrigenous sequence in theupper member of Eh3Biyang fault depression[J].GeologyGeochemistry,1998,26(2):44-52.[胡受权,张永贵,颜其彬.泌阳断陷下第三系核三段上段陆相层序个体系域岩石地球化学旋回性特征[J].地质地球化学,1998,26(2):44-52.]
[26]Hu Shouquan,Yan Qibin,Zhang Yonggui.Discussion on li-thologic geochemical features of boundary identification inTerrigenous sequence[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(1):24-29.[胡受权,颜其彬,张永贵.陆相层序界面的岩石地球化学标志探讨———以泌阳断陷双河—赵凹地区下第三系核三上段为例[J].石油学报,1999,20(1):24-29.]
[27]Ji Youliang.Theory of Sequence Stratigraphy and Model ofSequence Cause[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1998:2-45.[纪友亮.层序地层序原理及层序成因机制模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1998:2-45.]
[28]Hu Shengbiao,Wang Ji,Zhang Rongyan.Estimation of the a-mount of uplift and erosion across an unconformity using vit-rinite reflectance data[J].Petroleum Exploration and Devel-opment,1999,26(4):42-45.[胡圣标,汪集,张容燕.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):42-45.]
[29]Li Rongxi,Zhang Xiyun,Jin Kuili.Application of vitrinite re-flectance to reconstruction to reconstruction of the Tectonicfeatures of the Bohai Gulf basin[J].Acta Mineralogical Sini-ca,2001,21(4):705-709.[李荣西,张锡云,金奎励.用镜质体反射率重建沉积盆地构造演化特征[J].矿物学报,2001,21(4):705-709.]
[30]Lu Hong,Wang Tieguan,Xu Zhonghui.Application of maturityparameters in the determination of the denudation thickness of adisconformity[J].Journal of Xi′an Petroleum Institute:NaturalScience Edition,2001,16(3):29-32.[卢鸿,王铁冠,徐忠辉.成熟度指标在恢复地层假整合面剥蚀幅度中的应用[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,2001.16(3):29-32.]
[31]Liu Jingyan,Lin Changsong,Xiao Jianxin,et al.Characteris-tics and erosions of th emajor Tertiary unconformities andtheir significance to petroleum exploration in the Xihutrough,the east China sea[J].Geoscience,1999,13(4):432-438.[刘景彦,林畅松,肖建新,等.东海西湖凹陷第三系主要不整合面的特征、剥蚀量的分布及其意义[J].现代地质,1999,13(4):432-438.]
[2]Haq B U,Hardenbol J,Vail P R.Chronology of fluctuatingsea level since the Triassic[J].Science,1987,235:1156-1167.
[3]Brett C E,Goodman W M,LoDuca S P.Sequence stratigraphyand basin dynamics in the Silurian of appalachian foreland ba-sin[J].Sediment Geology,1990,69(3/4):191-224.
[4]Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analy-sis:Ⅰ,Architecture and genesis of flooding-surface boundeddepositional unit;Ⅱ,Application to northwest gulf of MexicoCenozoic basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(2):125-152.
[5]Pitman W C.Relationship between eustacy and stratigraphicsequences of passive margins[J].GSA Bulletion,1978,89:1389-1403.
[6]Tian Jingchun,Chen Gaowu,Zhang Xiang,et al.Applicationof sedimentary geochemistry in the analysis of sequence stra-tigraphy[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2006,36(1):30-35.[田景春,陈高武,张翔,等.沉积地球化学在层序地层分析中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,36(1):30-35.]
[7]Xu Qiang,Jiang Ye,Dong Weiliang,et al.Research status anddevelopment direction of sequence strategraphy in China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(1):155-167.[徐强,姜烨,董伟良,等.中国层序地层研究现状和发展方向[J].沉积学报,2003,21(1):155-167.]
[8]Jia Zhenyuan,Cai Zhongxian.Diagenesis stratigraphy and se-quence stratigraphy[J].Earth Science-Journal of China Uni-versity of Geosciences,1997,22(5):538-543.[贾振远,蔡忠贤.成岩地层学与层序地层学[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,1997,22(5):538-543.]
[9]Liu Jianfeng,Peng Jun,Zhou Kang,et al.High resolution se-quence stratigraphy analysis of 2nd member of Xujiahe For-mation in middle and south Sichuan transituonal zone[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(2):199-203.[刘建锋,彭军,周康,等.川中—川南过渡带须家河组二段高分辨率层序地层学研究[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(2):199-203.]
[10]Shi Zhensheng,Jin Hui,Guo Changmin,et al.Member 2 logfacies of Xujiahe Formation of upper Triassic Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(3):339-346.[施振生,金惠,郭长敏,等.四川盆地上三叠统须二段测井沉积相研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(3):339-346.]
[11]Tian Jingchun,Chen Hongde,Qin Jianxiong,et al.Case studyof sequence-based lithofacies-paleogeography research andmapping of south China[J].Journal of Earth Science andEnivronment,2004,26(1):6-12.[田景春,陈洪德,覃建雄,等.层序—岩相古地理图及其编制[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(1):6-12.]
[12]Zheng Rongcai,Peng Jun,Wu Chaorong.Grade division ofBase 2 level cycles of terrigenous basin and its implications[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(2):249-255.[郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容.陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分和研究意义[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255.]
[13]Ji Youliang,Zhang Shiqi.The Sequence Stratigraphy of LandPhase Fault Lake Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,1996.[纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.]
[14]Gao Hongcan,Zhang Rongcai,Ke Guangming,et al.The up-per Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the northeastern Sichuanforeland basin:Sequence-based sedimentary facies and palae-ogeography[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(3):38-45.[高红灿,郑荣才,柯光明,等.川东北前陆盆地须家河组层序—岩相古地理特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(3):38-45.]
[15]Gao Zhiyong,Luo Ping,Zheng Rongcai,et al.The high-reso-lution sequence stratigraphy analysis of the upper TriassicXiangxi Formation in the Moxi-Longnusi structure of Si-chuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technolo-gy:Science&Technology Edition,2005.32(6):597-603.[高志勇,罗平,郑荣才,等.四川磨溪—龙女寺构造香溪群高分辨率层序地层分析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2005,32(6):597-603.]
[16]Gu Jiayu.Framework concepts and models of sequence stra-tigraphy in nonmaring petroliferous basin[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,1995,22(4):6-10.[顾家裕.陆相盆地层序地层学格架概念及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(4):6-10.]
[17]Chi Qiuer.The Base and Application of Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:34-78.[池秋鄂.层序地层学基础与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:34-78.]
[18]Gao Hongcan.Sequence-Based Lithofacies,Paleogeographyand Distribution of Sand Bodies in the Xujiahe Formation ofUpper Triassic in Sichuan Basin[D].Chengdu University ofTechnology,2007.[高红灿.四川盆地上三叠统须家河组层序—岩相古地理及砂体分布研究[D].成都理工大学,2007.]
[19]Du Xiaodi,Huang Zhicheng,Cheng Zhina,et al.Geochemicalcharacteristics of Permian sequence in lower Yangtze region[J].Geological Journal of University,1996,2(3):348-356.[杜小弟,黄志诚,陈智娜,等.下扬子区二叠系层序地层的地球化学特征[J].高校地质学报,1996,2(3):348-356.]
[20]Deng Hongwen,Qian Kai.Analysis of Sedimentary Geochem-istry and Envoirment[M].Lanzhou:Gansu Science Technolo-gy Press,1993.[邓宏文,钱凯.沉积地球化学与环境分析[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1993.]
[21]Ji Youliang,Hu Guangming,Zhang Shanwen.et al.Minera-logical and geochemical methods in study of sedimentary se-quence boundary[J].Journal of Tongji University,2004,32(4):455-461.[纪友亮,胡光明,张善文,等.沉积层序界面研究中的矿物及地球化学方法[J].同济大学学报,2004,32(4):455-461.]
[22]Zhao Yongsheng.A preliminary study on the relationship be-tween the characteristics of clay mineral assembkage and sedi-mentary environments in down-faulted lake basins of Xingyunlake,Yunnan province[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1993,24(5):446-455.[赵永胜.云南星云湖断陷湖盆中粘土矿物组合特征与沉积环境的初步探讨[J].海洋与湖沼,1993,24(5):446-455.]
[23]Blaise B.Clay minerals assemblages from late quaternary de-positson,Vancouver island,southwestern British Columbia,Canada[J].Quaternary Research,1989,31:41-56.
[24]Singer A.The paleoclimatic interpretation of clay minerals insoils and weathering profiles[J].Earth Science Reviews,1980,15:303-326.
[25]Hu Shouquan,Zhang Yonggui,Yan Qibin.Lithologic-geochemicalcyclicity in every system tract of Terrigenous sequence in theupper member of Eh3Biyang fault depression[J].GeologyGeochemistry,1998,26(2):44-52.[胡受权,张永贵,颜其彬.泌阳断陷下第三系核三段上段陆相层序个体系域岩石地球化学旋回性特征[J].地质地球化学,1998,26(2):44-52.]
[26]Hu Shouquan,Yan Qibin,Zhang Yonggui.Discussion on li-thologic geochemical features of boundary identification inTerrigenous sequence[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(1):24-29.[胡受权,颜其彬,张永贵.陆相层序界面的岩石地球化学标志探讨———以泌阳断陷双河—赵凹地区下第三系核三上段为例[J].石油学报,1999,20(1):24-29.]
[27]Ji Youliang.Theory of Sequence Stratigraphy and Model ofSequence Cause[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1998:2-45.[纪友亮.层序地层序原理及层序成因机制模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1998:2-45.]
[28]Hu Shengbiao,Wang Ji,Zhang Rongyan.Estimation of the a-mount of uplift and erosion across an unconformity using vit-rinite reflectance data[J].Petroleum Exploration and Devel-opment,1999,26(4):42-45.[胡圣标,汪集,张容燕.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):42-45.]
[29]Li Rongxi,Zhang Xiyun,Jin Kuili.Application of vitrinite re-flectance to reconstruction to reconstruction of the Tectonicfeatures of the Bohai Gulf basin[J].Acta Mineralogical Sini-ca,2001,21(4):705-709.[李荣西,张锡云,金奎励.用镜质体反射率重建沉积盆地构造演化特征[J].矿物学报,2001,21(4):705-709.]
[30]Lu Hong,Wang Tieguan,Xu Zhonghui.Application of maturityparameters in the determination of the denudation thickness of adisconformity[J].Journal of Xi′an Petroleum Institute:NaturalScience Edition,2001,16(3):29-32.[卢鸿,王铁冠,徐忠辉.成熟度指标在恢复地层假整合面剥蚀幅度中的应用[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,2001.16(3):29-32.]
[31]Liu Jingyan,Lin Changsong,Xiao Jianxin,et al.Characteris-tics and erosions of th emajor Tertiary unconformities andtheir significance to petroleum exploration in the Xihutrough,the east China sea[J].Geoscience,1999,13(4):432-438.[刘景彦,林畅松,肖建新,等.东海西湖凹陷第三系主要不整合面的特征、剥蚀量的分布及其意义[J].现代地质,1999,13(4):432-438.]
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