井间地震纵横波分离方法研究及应用
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摘要
以VSP和井间地震勘探为主的井孔地震资料采集需采用三分量地震采集技术,该技术能够记录下信息丰富的地震波场,但是纵波波场和横波波场耦合在一起,成为多分量地震资料处理的重点和难点。通过对井孔地震资料采集观测系统的分析和研究,结合纵波波场和横波波场在不同分量上的关系,可以得到纵波和横波的极性与视速度,以及地震波到达检波器接收排列方向之间的关系。据此在基于Cauchy分布的高分辨率Radon变换的基础上,得到纵波波场和横波波场的分布关系,并在τ(截距时间)-p(视慢度或斜率)域中利用极化滤波方法,实现纵波波场与横波波场的有效分离。通过正演模拟数据试算和实际井间地震资料处理效果分析,认为该方法能够有效地分离纵波波场和横波波场,为后续纵横波的独立成像奠定了基础。
Three-component seismic acquisition technology used in VSP and cross-well seismic can record wealthy seismic wave field.The P and S wave couple together,which becomes the difficulty and emphasis of data processing.Through analyzing borehole seismic acquisition system,combined with polarity relation of P and S wave in different components,we can associate polarity of P and S wave with apparent velocity and direction of seismic wave reaching the geophone array.According to this relation,we obtained the distribution relation of P and S wave in τ-p domain based on the linear Radon transform(LRT).Considering the convergence of LRT,we designed a polarization filtering method using the high-resolution Radon transform,and then accomplished the separation of P and S wave.The processing of simulated data of theoretical model and practical cross-well model separated P and S wave field successfully,which is useful for independent imaging of P and S wave.
Three-component seismic acquisition technology used in VSP and cross-well seismic can record wealthy seismic wave field.The P and S wave couple together,which becomes the difficulty and emphasis of data processing.Through analyzing borehole seismic acquisition system,combined with polarity relation of P and S wave in different components,we can associate polarity of P and S wave with apparent velocity and direction of seismic wave reaching the geophone array.According to this relation,we obtained the distribution relation of P and S wave in τ-p domain based on the linear Radon transform(LRT).Considering the convergence of LRT,we designed a polarization filtering method using the high-resolution Radon transform,and then accomplished the separation of P and S wave.The processing of simulated data of theoretical model and practical cross-well model separated P and S wave field successfully,which is useful for independent imaging of P and S wave.
引文
[1]于长青,杨午阳,杨文采.关于油气地震勘探的基础研究问题[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2):117-120.
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[12]孔庆丰,王延光,左建军,等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):175-179.
[13]刘财,董世学,杨宝俊,等.极化滤波在广角地震P、S波场分离中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,1995,17(2):15-18.
[14]宋建国.井间地震技术在油田开发中的应用潜力[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):377-381.
[15]吴律.变换及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[16]潘建国,卫平生,张虎权,等.地震储层学与相关学科的比价[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):1-4.
[17]陈可洋.井间弹性波波场散射特征数值模拟分析[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):91-96.
[2]Wong J.Crosshole seismic imaging for sulfide orebody delineationnear Sudbury,Ontario,Canada[J].Geophysics,2000,65(6):1900-1907.
[3]王世库,刘清林.综合利用井间地震等多种资料确定精细地质模型[J].石油物探,1995,34(4):10-13.
[4]Pratt G R,Shipp R M.Seismic waveform inversion in the frequencydomain,Part 2:Fault delineation in sediments using crosshole data[J].Geophysics,1999,64(3):902-914.
[5]李彦鹏,马在田.坐标拉伸后的线性拉冬变换法波场分离[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(5):611-615.
[6]张伟明,聂勋碧.慢度——频率域纵横波分离[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3):348-356.
[7]张关泉,周红波.地面记录的纵、横波分离[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):181-191.
[8]尧德中.基于自由界面影响与偏振特性的纵横波分离方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(2):198-203.
[9]Lazaratos S K.High-resolution crosswell imaging of a west Texascarbonate reservoir:part 4.Reflection imaging[J].Geophysics,1995,60(3):702-711.
[10]周建宇,何惺华,李安夏,等.罗家地区井间地震方法与效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(6):745-753.
[11]董世泰,张立新,徐光成,等.大井距井间地震技术在辽河曙68井区的试验与应用[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):69-72.
[12]孔庆丰,王延光,左建军,等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):175-179.
[13]刘财,董世学,杨宝俊,等.极化滤波在广角地震P、S波场分离中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,1995,17(2):15-18.
[14]宋建国.井间地震技术在油田开发中的应用潜力[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):377-381.
[15]吴律.变换及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[16]潘建国,卫平生,张虎权,等.地震储层学与相关学科的比价[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):1-4.
[17]陈可洋.井间弹性波波场散射特征数值模拟分析[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):91-96.
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