高密点地震资料面波压制的自适应波束方法
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摘要
在单点采集的地震记录上,面波能量非常强,有效信号淹没于其中,地震资料的信噪比较低。在常规地震资料处理中,通常采用相位匹配法和高通滤波法对面波进行压制,但存在面波去除不干净或损害有效低频反射波等问题,即使是F-K滤波和小波变换面波压制等改进方法也或多或少地存在同样的问题。为解决这一问题,提出了自适应波束面波压制方法。该方法利用有效反射波和面波在视速度上的差异,通过设计合理的代价函数,不断优化滤波器的权系数,可以在面波区有效衰减面波能量,保全有效反射波。对新疆亚肯北地区某测线高密度单点采集资料,利用自适应波束方法进行面波压制,取得了很好的效果,在去除面波的同时有效信号得到了保护,资料的信噪比得到了提高。
In original single-sensor seismic data.the ground roll interference is very strong,which often conceals the effective signal;at the same time,the S/N of original data is very low.In conventional seismic data processing,phase matching method and high-pass filtering method are usually adopted.But after using these methods, ground-roll still exists or low-frequency effective wave is damaged, even by using f-k filtering,wavelet transformation filtering,etc. aiming at the problem.We proposed self-adaptive beam method for suppressing ground roll.The method uses the difference of apparent velocity between effective reflection and ground roll,by designing reasonable cost function and optimizing weighted coefficient of filter,to effectively attenuate ground roll energy and preserve effective reflection.We use the method to suppress ground roll of high-density single-sensor data from Yakenbei area,Xinjiang.Good results have been achieved,the ground roll was removed,meanwhile,the effective signal was preserved,and the S/N was enhanced.
In original single-sensor seismic data.the ground roll interference is very strong,which often conceals the effective signal;at the same time,the S/N of original data is very low.In conventional seismic data processing,phase matching method and high-pass filtering method are usually adopted.But after using these methods, ground-roll still exists or low-frequency effective wave is damaged, even by using f-k filtering,wavelet transformation filtering,etc. aiming at the problem.We proposed self-adaptive beam method for suppressing ground roll.The method uses the difference of apparent velocity between effective reflection and ground roll,by designing reasonable cost function and optimizing weighted coefficient of filter,to effectively attenuate ground roll energy and preserve effective reflection.We use the method to suppress ground roll of high-density single-sensor data from Yakenbei area,Xinjiang.Good results have been achieved,the ground roll was removed,meanwhile,the effective signal was preserved,and the S/N was enhanced.
引文
1刘财,王典.杨宝俊.二维小波变换在地震勘探面波消除中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(4): 711-714
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4包乾宗,高静怀,陈文超.面波压制的Tidgelet域方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1210-1215
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6 Monzingo R A,Miller T W.自适应阵导论[M].沈铁汉,梁福生,石镇,译.北京:国防工业出版社,1988. 1-343
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11许建昆.盲波束形成算法及其C语言实现[J].声学与电子工程,2005,78(2):24-28
12曹务祥.高空间密度采样资料分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):178～182
13 Haykin S.自适应滤波器原理[M].郑宝玉,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.162-165
2张华,潘冬明.张兴岩.二维小波变换在去除面波干扰中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):147-150
3陈爱萍,邹文.基于S-变换的面波压制技术[J].世界地质,2005,24(1):82-86
4包乾宗,高静怀,陈文超.面波压制的Tidgelet域方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1210-1215
5李文杰,魏修成,宁俊瑞,等.基于频率衰减特性的面波??压制方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):225-227
6 Monzingo R A,Miller T W.自适应阵导论[M].沈铁汉,梁福生,石镇,译.北京:国防工业出版社,1988. 1-343
7 Howells P W.Intermediate frequency side-lobe canceller: united states patent 3202990[P/OL].1965-08- 24.http://www.freepatentsonline.com/3202990.html
8 Widrow B.Adaptive filters I:fundamentals[EB/OL]. 1966-http://www-isL stanford.edu/～widrow/papers/ t1966 adaptivefilters.pdf
9 Frost O L An algorithm for linearly constrained adaptive array processing[J].Proceedings of the IEEE, 1972,60(8):926-935
10陈跃斌,范菁,高飞,等.互相关干扰中的宽带自适应波束形成[J].中国电子科学研究院学报,2007,2(6): 597-600
11许建昆.盲波束形成算法及其C语言实现[J].声学与电子工程,2005,78(2):24-28
12曹务祥.高空间密度采样资料分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):178～182
13 Haykin S.自适应滤波器原理[M].郑宝玉,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.162-165
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