两步法三维偏移在不同地震道记录的精度研究
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摘要
本文主要针对两步法三维偏移的方法原理以及两步法三维偏移在不同地震道记录的精度进行了研究,得出两步法三维偏移方法是在互相垂直的两组地震测线网中每次在一个方向上进行一次二维偏移,两次偏移的结果近似等价于三维偏移。用这种方法进行三维偏移,相当于二维偏移工作量的两倍,如果用全三维偏移方法中的任何一种都是二维偏移工作量的10倍以上。该方法在不同的地震道记录的精度不同,在记录的中心道上精度最高,随着与中心道距离的增加会发生很大的频散现象,效果不佳。
This paper makes a study of three dimensional migration in two steps,and of the accuracy of its application in different seismic trace record,with a conclusion that 3D migration in two steps is a two-dimensional migration happened in two vertical groups of seismic siding network in one direction each time,and the result in two steps is equivalent to 3D migration approximately.Three dimensional migration is to have twice as much work as that of two dimensional migration.Each of three dimensional phase shift migration in two steps is to have work more than ten times of two dimensional migration.Accuracy of this method varies in different seismic record,and it is of high accuracy in the recorded center trace.With extra distance,this method effects poorly for dispersion.
This paper makes a study of three dimensional migration in two steps,and of the accuracy of its application in different seismic trace record,with a conclusion that 3D migration in two steps is a two-dimensional migration happened in two vertical groups of seismic siding network in one direction each time,and the result in two steps is equivalent to 3D migration approximately.Three dimensional migration is to have twice as much work as that of two dimensional migration.Each of three dimensional phase shift migration in two steps is to have work more than ten times of two dimensional migration.Accuracy of this method varies in different seismic record,and it is of high accuracy in the recorded center trace.With extra distance,this method effects poorly for dispersion.
引文
[1]马在田.高阶方程偏移的分裂算法[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(1):377~388.
[2]Stolt R H.Migration by Fourier Transform[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):124~151.
[3]Claerbout J E and Johnson G.Extropolationof Time-Dependant Waveforms along TheirPath of Propagation[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr-soc,1971,26(1):285~293.
[4]Mcmechan G A.Determination of source pa-rameters by waoficld extrapolation[J].Geo-phy J R Astrsoc,1982,71(2):613~628.
[5]Gazdag J.Wave Equation Migration With thePhase-Shift Method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):1342~1351.
[6]Gazdag J and Sguazzero P.Migration of Seis-mic Data by Phase Shift Plus Interpo-la-Tion[J].Geophysics,1984,49(1):124~131.
[7]贺振华,王才经,李建超等.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M].重庆大学出版社,1989:64~68.
[8]方伍宝,孙建国,程久兵.实用化的二维波动方程叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):18~19.
[2]Stolt R H.Migration by Fourier Transform[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):124~151.
[3]Claerbout J E and Johnson G.Extropolationof Time-Dependant Waveforms along TheirPath of Propagation[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr-soc,1971,26(1):285~293.
[4]Mcmechan G A.Determination of source pa-rameters by waoficld extrapolation[J].Geo-phy J R Astrsoc,1982,71(2):613~628.
[5]Gazdag J.Wave Equation Migration With thePhase-Shift Method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):1342~1351.
[6]Gazdag J and Sguazzero P.Migration of Seis-mic Data by Phase Shift Plus Interpo-la-Tion[J].Geophysics,1984,49(1):124~131.
[7]贺振华,王才经,李建超等.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M].重庆大学出版社,1989:64~68.
[8]方伍宝,孙建国,程久兵.实用化的二维波动方程叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):18~19.
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