地震干扰波的衰减方法及其应用
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摘要
在海洋地震资料采集时,若相邻勘查区地震勘探船彼此进行近距离施工,采集的地震记录上存在来自另一震源的地震波,从而造成相互间的干扰,即所谓的地震干扰。由于两个震源具有相似的频率和振幅特性,在单炮记录上这种地震干扰通常具有与有效反射波相似的地震特征,因此,采用常规的处理方法是很难将其与有效波分离开并加以衰减。文章在简要阐述两种衰减地震干扰原理及实现方法的基础上,通过实际地震资料的处理,对其衰减地震干扰的处理效果进行分析。实际资料处理表明:两种衰减地震干扰的方法都有明显的处理效果,但两者也都存在某些自身缺陷和局限性。因此,实际应用中根据资料特点,采用针对性的处理方法非常重要。
When marine seismic survey vessels acquire data too close to one another in adjacent survey areas,the sound sources can be disturbed,and seismic waves from another seismic vessel can be received in seismic records.It is so-called seismic interference.As both sound sources have similar characteristics,the principal data and interference exhibit similarities in frequency content and amplitude properties in raw shots,so it is very hard to separate the principal data from the seismic interference effectively and therefore it is hard to attenuate the seismic interference easily with conventional data processing methods. On the basis of the principle for attenuating of seismic interference,two methods are described briefly in this paper.The processing effects and resulting method analysis are made in attenuating seismic interference by practical seismic data processing.Practical data processing shows that both methods have obvious processing effects,but they also have some defects and limitations in attenuating seismic interference.Therefore it is extremely important to take proper method according to the characteristics of seismic data in practical application.
When marine seismic survey vessels acquire data too close to one another in adjacent survey areas,the sound sources can be disturbed,and seismic waves from another seismic vessel can be received in seismic records.It is so-called seismic interference.As both sound sources have similar characteristics,the principal data and interference exhibit similarities in frequency content and amplitude properties in raw shots,so it is very hard to separate the principal data from the seismic interference effectively and therefore it is hard to attenuate the seismic interference easily with conventional data processing methods. On the basis of the principle for attenuating of seismic interference,two methods are described briefly in this paper.The processing effects and resulting method analysis are made in attenuating seismic interference by practical seismic data processing.Practical data processing shows that both methods have obvious processing effects,but they also have some defects and limitations in attenuating seismic interference.Therefore it is extremely important to take proper method according to the characteristics of seismic data in practical application.
引文
1渥.伊尔马滋.地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.59~67
2苑益军,周芝旭,牛滨华,等.浅谈地震资料处理中的提高信噪比处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):168~171
2苑益军,周芝旭,牛滨华,等.浅谈地震资料处理中的提高信噪比处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):168~171
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