模糊嵌套多级中值滤波方法及其在地震数据处理中的应用
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摘要
多级中值滤波器在地震数据处理应用中,其滤波长度越大,消噪效果越好,但同时也会破坏有效信息.如果为了保护有效信息而减少滤波长度,又会造成大量的噪声不能消除.本文提出一种新的模糊嵌套多级中值滤波器,设计一个阀值作为判断参数,使滤波器能够在消除随机噪声时采用长滤波器滤波,而在保留有效信息时采用短滤波器滤波,从而既能很好地消除随机噪声,又能最大限度地保护有效信息,保留有效信息的细节结构.经过模型分析和实际资料处理都取得了很好的效果.
In the application of multilevel median filter to seismic data processing,it is more effective to use a longer wavelength in removing the random noises,but the longer wavelength has a more damaging effect to the data,and is detrimental in preserving the details of the signals.This paper brings forward a new fussy nesting multilevel median filter based on the multilevel median filter concept.The new filter uses a long wavelength for the filter when removing the random noises,and uses a short wavelength when preserving the details of the signals.Therefore,we can remove the random noises yet are still able to preserve the details of the signals.We have had very good results from both model analyses and actually processing the data.
In the application of multilevel median filter to seismic data processing,it is more effective to use a longer wavelength in removing the random noises,but the longer wavelength has a more damaging effect to the data,and is detrimental in preserving the details of the signals.This paper brings forward a new fussy nesting multilevel median filter based on the multilevel median filter concept.The new filter uses a long wavelength for the filter when removing the random noises,and uses a short wavelength when preserving the details of the signals.Therefore,we can remove the random noises yet are still able to preserve the details of the signals.We have had very good results from both model analyses and actually processing the data.
引文
[1]宋焕生,梁德群,刘春阳.一种新的自适应多级中值滤波器.信号处理,1996,12(4):297~305Song HS,Liang D Q,Liu C Y.Anewadaptive multistage medianfilter.Signal Processing(in Chinese),1996,12(4):297~305
[2]宋焕生,梁德群,刘春阳.用于图像处理的自适应多级中值滤波器.西安交通大学学报,1998,32(1):25~28Song H S,Liang D Q,Liu C Y.The AMLMfilter for imageprocessing.Journal ofXi′an Jiaotong University(in Chinese),1998,32(1):25~28
[3]贾渊,姬长英.采用改进的自适应模糊多级中值滤波算法去除牛肉图像斑点噪声.农业工程学报,2005,21(2):102~105Jia Y,Ji C Y.Removing the speckle noises in beef image using animproved adaptive fuzzy multilevel median filter algorithm.Transactions ofthe CSAE(in Chinese),2005,21(2):102~105
[4]蒋立辉,赵春晖.基于多级非线性加权平均中值滤波算法的散斑噪声抑制.激光与红外,2003,33(5):380~382Jiang L H,Zhao C H.Speckle noise suppressing based on multilevelnonlinear weighted mean median filter.Laser&Infrared(inChinese),2003,33(5):380~382
[5]严又生.井间地震串联滤波波场分离方法.物探化探计算技术,1997,19(3):210~215Yan Y S.Wave field separation with a cascaded filter on crosswellseismic data.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration(in Chinese),1997,19(3):210~215
[6]陈仲委,秦德中.自适应顺序统计滤波在地震资料处理中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):271~274Chen Z W,Qin D Z.The application to seismic data processing ofself-adapt sequence statistic filter.OGP(in Chinese),2006,41(3):271~274
[7]王卫华.利用中值相关滤波预测相干信号.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(3):273~282Wang W H.Coherent signal prediction using mid-value correlativefiltering.OGP(in Chinese),2000,35(3):273~282
[8]鲍祥生,尹成,田继东,韩朝军.中值滤波的一种快速算法.石油物探,2005,44(4):325~328Bao XS,Yin C,Tian J D,Han CJ.One kind of fast algorithmonthe Median Filtering.Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole(inChinese),2005,44(4):325~328
[9]赵彦青,吴继伟,萧蕴诗.最优中值滤波跨度计算及其应用.计算机辅助工程,2006,15(1):59~62Zhao Y Q,Wu J W,Xiao Y S.Computation and application ofoptimum median filter length.Computer Aided Engineering(inChinese),2006,15(1):59~62
[10]刘财,王典,刘洋等.二维多级中值滤波技术在随机噪声消除中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):163~167Liu C,Wang D,Liu Y,et al.Preliminary study of using 2D multi-level medianfilteringtechnique to eliminate randomnoises.OGP(inChinese),2005,40(2):163~167
[11]冯,刘财,杨宝俊等.中值滤波器对信号相位和形状影响的研究.石油物探,2002,41(1):37~42Feng X,Liu C,Yang BJ,et al.The impacts of medianfilter tothephases and shapes of signals.Geophysical Prospectingfor Petrole(inChinese),2002,41(1):37~42
[12]金龙,陈小宏,李景叶.基于误差准则和循环迭代的时移地震匹配滤波方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(3):698~703Jin L,Chen X H,Li J Y.A new method for time-lapse seismicmatchingfilter based on error criteria and cyclic iteration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):698~703
[13]王绪松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保边滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452~457Wang X S,Yang C C.An edge-preserving smoothing algorithmofseismic image using nonlinear anisotropic diffusion equation.Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):452~457
[14]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724~728Jin L,Li Y,Yang BJ.Reduction of randomnoise for seismic databy time-frequency peak filtering.Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2005,20(3):724~728
[15]艾印双,郑天愉.波场延拓深度滤波方法.地球物理学报,1998,41(3):400~407Ai YS,Zheng TY.Wavefield continuation depthfiltering.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1998,41(3):400~407
[16]胡天跃,王润秋.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法.地球物理学报,2000,43(1):105~115Hu T Y,Wang R Q.Beamforming in seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys(in Chinese),2000,43(1):105~115
[17]耿建华,马在田,董良国.单分量地面纪录地震波场分离的非线性滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(2):268~273Geng J H,Ma Z T,Dong L G.Seismic wave of one-componentrecord separation by non-linear filtering.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(2):268~273
[18]张军华,吕宁,田连玉等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546~553ZhangJ H,L櫣N,Tian L Y,et al.An overviewof the methods andtechniques for seismic data noise attenuation.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):546~553
[19]Nieminen A,Foster P E.Anewclass of detail-preserving filters forimage processing.IEEETrans.on PAMI,1987,9(1):74~90
[20]Arce GR,Foster RE.Detail-preservingranked-order basedfilterforimage processing.IEEETrans on ASSP,1987,37(1):83~98
[21]Duncan G,Beresford G.Median filter behavior with seismic data.Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(3):329~345
[2]宋焕生,梁德群,刘春阳.用于图像处理的自适应多级中值滤波器.西安交通大学学报,1998,32(1):25~28Song H S,Liang D Q,Liu C Y.The AMLMfilter for imageprocessing.Journal ofXi′an Jiaotong University(in Chinese),1998,32(1):25~28
[3]贾渊,姬长英.采用改进的自适应模糊多级中值滤波算法去除牛肉图像斑点噪声.农业工程学报,2005,21(2):102~105Jia Y,Ji C Y.Removing the speckle noises in beef image using animproved adaptive fuzzy multilevel median filter algorithm.Transactions ofthe CSAE(in Chinese),2005,21(2):102~105
[4]蒋立辉,赵春晖.基于多级非线性加权平均中值滤波算法的散斑噪声抑制.激光与红外,2003,33(5):380~382Jiang L H,Zhao C H.Speckle noise suppressing based on multilevelnonlinear weighted mean median filter.Laser&Infrared(inChinese),2003,33(5):380~382
[5]严又生.井间地震串联滤波波场分离方法.物探化探计算技术,1997,19(3):210~215Yan Y S.Wave field separation with a cascaded filter on crosswellseismic data.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration(in Chinese),1997,19(3):210~215
[6]陈仲委,秦德中.自适应顺序统计滤波在地震资料处理中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):271~274Chen Z W,Qin D Z.The application to seismic data processing ofself-adapt sequence statistic filter.OGP(in Chinese),2006,41(3):271~274
[7]王卫华.利用中值相关滤波预测相干信号.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(3):273~282Wang W H.Coherent signal prediction using mid-value correlativefiltering.OGP(in Chinese),2000,35(3):273~282
[8]鲍祥生,尹成,田继东,韩朝军.中值滤波的一种快速算法.石油物探,2005,44(4):325~328Bao XS,Yin C,Tian J D,Han CJ.One kind of fast algorithmonthe Median Filtering.Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole(inChinese),2005,44(4):325~328
[9]赵彦青,吴继伟,萧蕴诗.最优中值滤波跨度计算及其应用.计算机辅助工程,2006,15(1):59~62Zhao Y Q,Wu J W,Xiao Y S.Computation and application ofoptimum median filter length.Computer Aided Engineering(inChinese),2006,15(1):59~62
[10]刘财,王典,刘洋等.二维多级中值滤波技术在随机噪声消除中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):163~167Liu C,Wang D,Liu Y,et al.Preliminary study of using 2D multi-level medianfilteringtechnique to eliminate randomnoises.OGP(inChinese),2005,40(2):163~167
[11]冯,刘财,杨宝俊等.中值滤波器对信号相位和形状影响的研究.石油物探,2002,41(1):37~42Feng X,Liu C,Yang BJ,et al.The impacts of medianfilter tothephases and shapes of signals.Geophysical Prospectingfor Petrole(inChinese),2002,41(1):37~42
[12]金龙,陈小宏,李景叶.基于误差准则和循环迭代的时移地震匹配滤波方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(3):698~703Jin L,Chen X H,Li J Y.A new method for time-lapse seismicmatchingfilter based on error criteria and cyclic iteration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):698~703
[13]王绪松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保边滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452~457Wang X S,Yang C C.An edge-preserving smoothing algorithmofseismic image using nonlinear anisotropic diffusion equation.Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):452~457
[14]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724~728Jin L,Li Y,Yang BJ.Reduction of randomnoise for seismic databy time-frequency peak filtering.Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2005,20(3):724~728
[15]艾印双,郑天愉.波场延拓深度滤波方法.地球物理学报,1998,41(3):400~407Ai YS,Zheng TY.Wavefield continuation depthfiltering.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1998,41(3):400~407
[16]胡天跃,王润秋.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法.地球物理学报,2000,43(1):105~115Hu T Y,Wang R Q.Beamforming in seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys(in Chinese),2000,43(1):105~115
[17]耿建华,马在田,董良国.单分量地面纪录地震波场分离的非线性滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(2):268~273Geng J H,Ma Z T,Dong L G.Seismic wave of one-componentrecord separation by non-linear filtering.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(2):268~273
[18]张军华,吕宁,田连玉等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546~553ZhangJ H,L櫣N,Tian L Y,et al.An overviewof the methods andtechniques for seismic data noise attenuation.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):546~553
[19]Nieminen A,Foster P E.Anewclass of detail-preserving filters forimage processing.IEEETrans.on PAMI,1987,9(1):74~90
[20]Arce GR,Foster RE.Detail-preservingranked-order basedfilterforimage processing.IEEETrans on ASSP,1987,37(1):83~98
[21]Duncan G,Beresford G.Median filter behavior with seismic data.Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(3):329~345
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