基于广义S变换研究地震地层特征
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摘要
将S变换引入到地震地层研究中,用广义S变换代替短时Fourier变换或连续小波变换,用于地震数据频谱分解和提取地震旋回特征.为此,首先研究了S变换的性质及其与短时Fourier变换、连续小波变换的比较,进一步给出广义S变换的特点,说明其如何获得更高分辨率.同时,对前述方法进行数值实现,模型数据试算结果表明算法的正确和有效性.在上述工作基础上,本文首次提出用广义S变换进行地震频谱分解和研究地震旋回,给出实现策略及2D实际地震数据试算结果,证明方法的有效性,为进一步实用化奠定理论和方法基础.
In this paper,the S transform is introduced into the study of seismic stratigraphy by substituting the STFT or CWT with generalized S transform.Firstly,the properties of S transform and its comparisons to STFT and CWT are studied,and then the generalized S transform(GST) and the reasons of its high resolution are derived.With modeling seismic signal,the numerical methods of them are implemented,which show the validity.On base of the results,GST is applied to seismic spectral decomposition and seismic sequence cycles analysis originally.By the proposed schemes,good results have been gained for real 2D seismic data,which show that the method is valid and establishes a base for further actual application to oil industry.
In this paper,the S transform is introduced into the study of seismic stratigraphy by substituting the STFT or CWT with generalized S transform.Firstly,the properties of S transform and its comparisons to STFT and CWT are studied,and then the generalized S transform(GST) and the reasons of its high resolution are derived.With modeling seismic signal,the numerical methods of them are implemented,which show the validity.On base of the results,GST is applied to seismic spectral decomposition and seismic sequence cycles analysis originally.By the proposed schemes,good results have been gained for real 2D seismic data,which show that the method is valid and establishes a base for further actual application to oil industry.
引文
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[14]Partyka G,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational Applicationsof Spectral Decomposition in Reservoir Characterization[J].The Leading Edge,1999,3:353~360.
[15]崔风林,管叶君.时频分析———薄互层机构研究的新途径[J].石油物探,1992,31(2)1~15.
[16]黄德济,赵宪生.时频域中主参数剖面的计算及应用[J].物探化探计算技术,1994,16(3):197~203.
[17]刘传虎,刘福贵,李卫忠.时频分析方法及其在储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):11~20.
[18]雷克辉,朱广生,毛宁波等.在小波时频域中研究沉积旋回[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):72~78.
[19]吴国枕,康任华,印兴耀.三维时频分析方法在地震层序分析中的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1)82~84.
[20]崔风林,谢春来,付雷等.小波变换时频能量谱技术在地震地层划分中的应用[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(4):397~399.
[21]石万忠,李举子李梦溪等.时频分析在高分辨率层序地层学中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(3):234~237.
[22]Christopher T,Gilbert P C.A practical Guide to Wavelet A-nalysis[J].Bulletin of the America Meteorological Society,1998,79(1):61~78.
[23]高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明..小波变换与地震信号瞬时特征分析[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):822~828.
[2]Cohen L.Time-Frequency Analysis:Theory and Application[M].Englewood Cliffs,N.J:Prentice Hall,Inc.1995.
[3]Bracewell R N.The Fourier Transform and Its Application[M].NewYork:McGRaw-Hill,2000.
[4]Garbor D.Theory of Communication.J.IEEE,1946,93:429~457.
[5]Qian S,Chen D.Joint Time-Frequency Analysis[J].IEEESignal Processing Magazine,1999,16(2):52~67.
[6]刘葵,刘招军,朱建伟等.时频分析在石油地球物理勘探中的应用[J].世界地质,2000,19(3):282~284.
[7]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of thecomplex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE trans.on signalprocessing,1996,17:998~1001.
[8]王成栋,张优云,夏勇.基于S变换的柴油机气阀机构故障诊断研究[J].内燃机学报,2003,21(4):271~275.
[9]Mansinha L,Stockwell R G,Lowe R P.Pattern Analysiswith two dimensional spectral localization:Application of twodimensional S transform[J].Physica A,1997,239:286~295.
[10]McFadden P D,Cook J G,Forster L M.Decomposition ofGear vibration signals by generalized S transform[J].Mech.Syst.Signal Process,1999,13:691~707.
[11]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-Transform With WindowsOf Arbitrary And Varying Shape[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):381~385.
[12]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526~532.
[13]Pinnegar C R,Eaton D W.Application of S transform toprestack noise attenuation filtering[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2003,108(B9):1~10.
[14]Partyka G,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational Applicationsof Spectral Decomposition in Reservoir Characterization[J].The Leading Edge,1999,3:353~360.
[15]崔风林,管叶君.时频分析———薄互层机构研究的新途径[J].石油物探,1992,31(2)1~15.
[16]黄德济,赵宪生.时频域中主参数剖面的计算及应用[J].物探化探计算技术,1994,16(3):197~203.
[17]刘传虎,刘福贵,李卫忠.时频分析方法及其在储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):11~20.
[18]雷克辉,朱广生,毛宁波等.在小波时频域中研究沉积旋回[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):72~78.
[19]吴国枕,康任华,印兴耀.三维时频分析方法在地震层序分析中的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1)82~84.
[20]崔风林,谢春来,付雷等.小波变换时频能量谱技术在地震地层划分中的应用[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(4):397~399.
[21]石万忠,李举子李梦溪等.时频分析在高分辨率层序地层学中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(3):234~237.
[22]Christopher T,Gilbert P C.A practical Guide to Wavelet A-nalysis[J].Bulletin of the America Meteorological Society,1998,79(1):61~78.
[23]高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明..小波变换与地震信号瞬时特征分析[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):822~828.
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