地震采样波场的空间连续性分析方法
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摘要
野外观测方式的变化和采集密度的调整对室内数据处理提出了更高的要求。原先常规处理方法多基于地震数据的点、线、面进行分析,对这类新观测方式有一定的局限性。本文从理论上简要说明常见的几种地震波的波场特征及其在不同数据集上的表现形式,据此提出基于地震波场空间连续性的分析方法,包括炮检关系分析、叠前等时数据集分析、转置数据分析及(F-Ks,Kr)域分析等;从叠前多道、多域处理的角度认识连续地震波场在数据处理中的意义。理论分析和实际数据的处理结果表明,野外采集过程中应尽可能保证激发和接收条件的一致性,在观测系统设计上应保证每个面元属性(方位角、炮检距、覆盖次数等)分布均匀一致、地震波场连续,为室内灵活的数据处理奠定良好基础。
The variation of field surveying way and adjustment of acquisition density present a higher requirement for indoor data processing. The analyses of original common processing approaches are mostly on the basis of analyses at points and on the lines, which have limitations under such new surveying ways. The paper briefly expounded several common features of seismic wavefields theoretically and representative ways on different data gathers, and accordingly presented analytic approaches based on spatial continuity of seismic wavefield, including analyses of shot-receiver relationship, prestack isochronal data gathers, transposition data and analysis in (F-Ks, Kr) domain, knowing the meaning of seismic wavefield in data processing from the angle of prestack multi-channel and multi-domain. The theoretical analysis and processing results of practical data showed it should do our efforts to guarantee the consistency of shooting and receiving conditions during the field acquisition and the uniform distribution of attributes (azimuths, offsets and folds etc) on each bin and continuity of seismic wavefield when designing the geometry, laying a good foundation for indoor flexible data processing.
The variation of field surveying way and adjustment of acquisition density present a higher requirement for indoor data processing. The analyses of original common processing approaches are mostly on the basis of analyses at points and on the lines, which have limitations under such new surveying ways. The paper briefly expounded several common features of seismic wavefields theoretically and representative ways on different data gathers, and accordingly presented analytic approaches based on spatial continuity of seismic wavefield, including analyses of shot-receiver relationship, prestack isochronal data gathers, transposition data and analysis in (F-Ks, Kr) domain, knowing the meaning of seismic wavefield in data processing from the angle of prestack multi-channel and multi-domain. The theoretical analysis and processing results of practical data showed it should do our efforts to guarantee the consistency of shooting and receiving conditions during the field acquisition and the uniform distribution of attributes (azimuths, offsets and folds etc) on each bin and continuity of seismic wavefield when designing the geometry, laying a good foundation for indoor flexible data processing.
引文
[1]杨勇,岳英,岳云福等.勘探开发一体化小面元地震采集技术应用.石油地球物理勘探,2004,东部会议专刊:9～13
[2]Cai Xiling,Liu Xuewei,Deng Chunyan.Characteris-tics analysis on high density spatial sampling seismic data.Applied Geophysics,2006,3:48～54
[3]王永民,李勤学,蒋连斌.砖墙式三维观测系统在委内瑞拉Caracoles区块的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):651～660
[4]王梅生.细分面元观测系统的面元属性及实例分析.石油地球物理勘探,2004,东部会议专刊:81～84
[5]Lansley R M.CMP fold:A meaningless number?The Leading Edge,2004,23(10):1038～1041
[6]蔡希玲,刘学伟等.地表一致性统计相关分析法及其应用.石油物探,2006,45(4):390～396
[7]Vermeer GJ.Seismic wavefield sampling.Geophysical references series,SEG,1990:11～14,43～46
[8]刘泰峰,宁书年,亢俊健.一种自由布置的地震勘探新方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):5～10
[2]Cai Xiling,Liu Xuewei,Deng Chunyan.Characteris-tics analysis on high density spatial sampling seismic data.Applied Geophysics,2006,3:48～54
[3]王永民,李勤学,蒋连斌.砖墙式三维观测系统在委内瑞拉Caracoles区块的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):651～660
[4]王梅生.细分面元观测系统的面元属性及实例分析.石油地球物理勘探,2004,东部会议专刊:81～84
[5]Lansley R M.CMP fold:A meaningless number?The Leading Edge,2004,23(10):1038～1041
[6]蔡希玲,刘学伟等.地表一致性统计相关分析法及其应用.石油物探,2006,45(4):390～396
[7]Vermeer GJ.Seismic wavefield sampling.Geophysical references series,SEG,1990:11～14,43～46
[8]刘泰峰,宁书年,亢俊健.一种自由布置的地震勘探新方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):5～10
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