基于单台P波初始记录的地震震中和震级快速测定方法研究
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摘要
利用山东数字化测震单台三分向记录,选择2种测定地震方位角方法和7种数据预处理方法,通过对实际结果的系统对比分析,确定了最佳的测定地震方位角的技术方案和适于地震预警的测震台站。对测定震中距和震级的方法进行了改进,得到了最佳的根据直达P波前2s波形的包络特征参数求震中距、峰值速度的统计关系,以及根据包络特征参数求震级的标度关系。快速测定震中距和震级方法在实时地震预警中具有应用前景。
Based on initial motions of the three-component P wave data recorded at a single station in Shandong Seismic Network,compared with actual results,we established the optimum technical scheme of measuring earthquake azimuth and the stations applying to earthquake early warning from two kinds of measuring earthquake azimuth methods and seven kinds of data preprocessing methods.We improved the method of determining earthquake magnitude and epicenter distance,and got the best statistical relation between epicenter distance and peak velocity using envelop characteristic parameters of 2s waveforms before the P arrivals.We also got magnitude scaling relation based on the envelope characteristic parameter.The quick measuring method for earthquake epicenter and magnitude exhibits practical application prospect in real-time earthquake early warning.
Based on initial motions of the three-component P wave data recorded at a single station in Shandong Seismic Network,compared with actual results,we established the optimum technical scheme of measuring earthquake azimuth and the stations applying to earthquake early warning from two kinds of measuring earthquake azimuth methods and seven kinds of data preprocessing methods.We improved the method of determining earthquake magnitude and epicenter distance,and got the best statistical relation between epicenter distance and peak velocity using envelop characteristic parameters of 2s waveforms before the P arrivals.We also got magnitude scaling relation based on the envelope characteristic parameter.The quick measuring method for earthquake epicenter and magnitude exhibits practical application prospect in real-time earthquake early warning.
引文
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庞建丽,高丽娜.2010.基于Matlab的IIR数字滤波器设计方法比较及应用[J].现代电子技术,(11):103-105.
王安,王富强.2010.基于ZOOM_FFT的移频信号参数算法研究[J].微机处理,(1):37-40.
赵冰,刘希强.2011.全球地震早期预警研究综述[J].西北地震学报,33(4):392-402.
周彦文,刘希强,李铂,等.2010.基于单台P波记录的快速自动地震定位方法研究[J].地震研究,33(2):183-188.
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Frohlich C,Pulliam J.1999.Single-station location of seismic events:Areview plea for more research[J].Physics of the Earth and PlanetaryInteriors,113(1-4):277-291.
Jurkevics A.1988.Polarization analysis of three-component arraydata[J].BSSA,78(5):1725-1743.
Kanamori H.2005.Real-time seismology and earthquake damage mitiga-tion[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,33(1):195-214.
Lancieri M,Fuenzalida A,Ruiz S,et al.2011.Magnitude scaling of early-warning parameters for the MW7.8Tocopilla,Chile,Earthquakeand its aftershocks[J].BSSA,101(2):447-463.
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Park J,Vernon F L,Lindberg C R.1987.Frequency dependent polariza-tion analysis of high-frequency seismograms[J].JGR,92(B12):12 664-12674.
Roberts R G,Christoffersson A,Cassidy F.1989.Real-time event detec-tion,phase identification and source location estimation using singlestation three-component seismic data[J].Geophysical Journal Inter-national,97(3):471-480.
Ruud B O,Husebye E S,Ingate S F,et al.1988.Event location at anydistance using seismic data from a single,three-component station[J].BSSA,78(1):308-325.
Ruud B O,Husebye E S.1992.A new three-component detector and automatic single-station bulletin production[J].BSSA,82(10):221-237.
Wu Y M,Kanamori H.2005.Rapid assessment of damage potential ofearthquakes in Taiwan from the beginning of P waves[J].BSSA,95(3):1181-1185.
Wu,Y M,Kanamori H.2008.Development of an earthquake early warningsystem using real-time strong motion signals[J].Sensors,8(1):1-9.
Zhizhin M N,Rouland D,Bonnin J,et al.2006.Rapid estimation of earth-quake source parameters from pattern analysis of waveforms recordedat a single three-component broadband station,Port Vila,Vanuatu[J].BSSA,96(6):2329-2347.
Zollo A,Lancieri M,Nielsen S.2006.Earthquake magnitude estimationfrom peak amplitudes of very early seismic signals on strong motionrecords[J].Geophysical Research Letters,33:L23312,doi:10.1029/2006GL027795.
黄俊,姚运生,王秋良,等.2011.地震预警中的单台综合定位方法[J].大地测量与地球动力学,31(2):142-148.
孔庆凯,赵鸣.2010.地震预警系统中的算法研究[J].灾害学,25(增刊):306-308.
刘希强,周蕙兰,曹文海,等.2002.高斯线调频小波变换及其在地震震相识别中的应用[J].地震学报,24(6):607-616.
庞建丽,高丽娜.2010.基于Matlab的IIR数字滤波器设计方法比较及应用[J].现代电子技术,(11):103-105.
王安,王富强.2010.基于ZOOM_FFT的移频信号参数算法研究[J].微机处理,(1):37-40.
赵冰,刘希强.2011.全球地震早期预警研究综述[J].西北地震学报,33(4):392-402.
周彦文,刘希强,李铂,等.2010.基于单台P波记录的快速自动地震定位方法研究[J].地震研究,33(2):183-188.
Allen R M,Gasparini P,Kamigaichi O,et al.2009.The status of earth-quake early warning around the world:an introductory overview[J].Seimological Research Letters,80(5):682-693.
Allen R M,Kanamori H.2003.The potential for earthquake early warningin southern California[J].Science,300(5620):786-789.
Frohlich C,Pulliam J.1999.Single-station location of seismic events:Areview plea for more research[J].Physics of the Earth and PlanetaryInteriors,113(1-4):277-291.
Jurkevics A.1988.Polarization analysis of three-component arraydata[J].BSSA,78(5):1725-1743.
Kanamori H.2005.Real-time seismology and earthquake damage mitiga-tion[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,33(1):195-214.
Lancieri M,Fuenzalida A,Ruiz S,et al.2011.Magnitude scaling of early-warning parameters for the MW7.8Tocopilla,Chile,Earthquakeand its aftershocks[J].BSSA,101(2):447-463.
Lockmann A B,Allen R M.2005.Single-station Earthquake Characteriza-tion for Early Warning[J].BSSA,95(6):2029-2039.
Magotra N,Ahmed N,Chael E.1987.Seismic event detection and source location using single-station(three-component)data[J].BSSA,77 (3):958-971.
Odaka T,Ashiya K,Tsukada S,et al.2003.A new method of quickly esti-mating epicentral distance and magnitude from a single seismic re-cord[J].BSSA,93(1):526-532.
Park J,Vernon F L,Lindberg C R.1987.Frequency dependent polariza-tion analysis of high-frequency seismograms[J].JGR,92(B12):12 664-12674.
Roberts R G,Christoffersson A,Cassidy F.1989.Real-time event detec-tion,phase identification and source location estimation using singlestation three-component seismic data[J].Geophysical Journal Inter-national,97(3):471-480.
Ruud B O,Husebye E S,Ingate S F,et al.1988.Event location at anydistance using seismic data from a single,three-component station[J].BSSA,78(1):308-325.
Ruud B O,Husebye E S.1992.A new three-component detector and automatic single-station bulletin production[J].BSSA,82(10):221-237.
Wu Y M,Kanamori H.2005.Rapid assessment of damage potential ofearthquakes in Taiwan from the beginning of P waves[J].BSSA,95(3):1181-1185.
Wu,Y M,Kanamori H.2008.Development of an earthquake early warningsystem using real-time strong motion signals[J].Sensors,8(1):1-9.
Zhizhin M N,Rouland D,Bonnin J,et al.2006.Rapid estimation of earth-quake source parameters from pattern analysis of waveforms recordedat a single three-component broadband station,Port Vila,Vanuatu[J].BSSA,96(6):2329-2347.
Zollo A,Lancieri M,Nielsen S.2006.Earthquake magnitude estimationfrom peak amplitudes of very early seismic signals on strong motionrecords[J].Geophysical Research Letters,33:L23312,doi:10.1029/2006GL027795.
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