地震道瞬时强度比法拾取初至波
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摘要
本文结合地震记录时窗属性和瞬时属性特征,提出了一种改进算法-基于时窗的瞬时强度比法.该方法的基本原理是通过复数道分析来提取地震记录的瞬时属性,采用强度比来判断初至时间.研究表明,滑动时窗能量比法的处理效果较差,在拾取过程中对某些特殊点的处理上存在误差较大;而采用瞬时强度比法后,初至曲线的同向轴变得更加光滑,拾取异常点的情况大为减少,从而有效的提高拾取的精度.
According to seismic attributes of time windows and instantaneous moments,an improved algorithm based on the window of the instantaneous intensity ratio is proposed.The basic theory is that instantaneous attributes are computed with complex trace analysis and first arrival with the intensity ratio method.The results show that the effect of rolling time windows is poor and larger errors exist in the process of picking some special points.When using the instantaneous intensity ratio method,the event of first arrival curve becomes more smooth,and abnormal points have greatly reduced,thus the accuracy of picking is greatly enhanced.
According to seismic attributes of time windows and instantaneous moments,an improved algorithm based on the window of the instantaneous intensity ratio is proposed.The basic theory is that instantaneous attributes are computed with complex trace analysis and first arrival with the intensity ratio method.The results show that the effect of rolling time windows is poor and larger errors exist in the process of picking some special points.When using the instantaneous intensity ratio method,the event of first arrival curve becomes more smooth,and abnormal points have greatly reduced,thus the accuracy of picking is greatly enhanced.
引文
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[2]王彦春,苑春芳.静校正及神经网络处理技术[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.Wang Y C,Yuan C F.Static corrections and neural networkProcessing Technique[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2000.
[3]Chen Q,Steve S.Seismic attribut technology for reservoirforecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445~456.
[4]Joseph B M,Douglas R S.First-break timing:arrival onsettimes by direct correlation[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1492~1501.
[5]李辉,戴旭初,葛洪魁,等.基于互信息量的地震信号检测和初至提取方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1190~1197.Li H,Dai X C,Ge H K,et al.Seismic signal detection andfirst arrival pickup based on mutual information[J].ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1190~1197.
[6]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724~728.Jin L,Li Y,Yang B J.Reduction of random noise for seismicdata by time-frequency peak filtering[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(3):724~728.
[7]潘树林,高磊,周熙襄,等.基于单道边界检测和样条插值的初至波自动拾取[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):245~249.Pan S L,Gao L,Zhou X X,et al.Automatic method of firstbreak picking based on edge detection and spline interpolation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(3):245~249.
[8]杨培杰,印兴耀,张广智.希尔伯特-黄变换地震信号时频分析与属性提取[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1585~1590.Yang P J,Yin X Y,Zhang G Z.Seismic signal time-frequencyanalysis and attributes extraction based on HHT[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1585~1590.
[9]庄东海,许云,乌达巴拉,地震道时窗属性特征检测初至时间的研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,1999,21(4):45~48.Zhuang D H,Xu Y,Wuda B L.Picking up seismic arrival byseismic attributes within time windows[J].Journal of JinghanPetroleum Institute 1999,21(4):45~48.
[10]吴雨梅,吴律.地震特征拾取及其在解释应用中的新进展[J].地球物理学进展,1996,11(2):123~136.Wu Y M,Wu L.Seismic attributes picking andits lastprogress of application in interpretation[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),1996,11(2):123~136.
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