地震反射同相轴的地质含义
摘要
地震剖面上的反射同相轴只有在代表原始沉积界面的情况下才具有等时意义,也才能成为地震解释和层序地层学研究的基础。但是,挠曲构造作用、成岩、碎屑流沉积作用、重力滑塌、天然气水合物等均可改变或形成新的、具有足够波阻抗差的地层界面并形成地震反射。因而在层序地层学解释中必须识别并排除此类反射轴,否则就会导致年代地层框架的错误认识,所以掌握此类界面的特征和分布规律非常必要。
In seismic exploration,only after the seismic events on seismic sections are confirmed to represent the sediment interfaces they can be entrusted with isochrone meaning and they can become the basis for studies of seismic interpretation and sequence stratigraphy.However the flexing structure lithogenesis,debris flow sedimentation,gravitational sliding and formation of gas hydrate and so on can lead to form new interfaces which result in seismic reflection,Therefore in sequence stratigraphy interpretation those kinds of seismic events must be identified and then avoided,otherwise the interpretation will lead to misunderstanding for geological sequence frame,so it is imperative to understand the characteristics and distribution law of the interfaces.
In seismic exploration,only after the seismic events on seismic sections are confirmed to represent the sediment interfaces they can be entrusted with isochrone meaning and they can become the basis for studies of seismic interpretation and sequence stratigraphy.However the flexing structure lithogenesis,debris flow sedimentation,gravitational sliding and formation of gas hydrate and so on can lead to form new interfaces which result in seismic reflection,Therefore in sequence stratigraphy interpretation those kinds of seismic events must be identified and then avoided,otherwise the interpretation will lead to misunderstanding for geological sequence frame,so it is imperative to understand the characteristics and distribution law of the interfaces.
引文
[1]Bangs N L,Shipley T H,Gulick S P S,Moore G F,Kuromoto S,Nakamura Y Evolution of the Nankai Trough dcollement from the trench into the seis-mogenic zone:Inferences from three-di mensional seismic reflection i maging.Geology,2004,32(4):273～276
[2]Badley ME.Practical Seismic Interpretation.Inter-national Human Resources Development Corporation,Boston,1985
[3]陆基孟等编.地震勘探原理及资料解释.北京:石油工业出版社,1991
[4]Vail P R,Todd R Gand Sangree J B.Seismic stratig-raphy and global changes of sea level:part5:chro-nostratigraphic significance of seismic reflections,In C E Payton ed.,Seismic stratigraphy.AAPG Memoir.1977,26:99～116
[5]朱筱敏编著.层序地层学.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2000
[6]Zeng Hongliu,Kerans C.Seismic frequency control on carbonate seismic stratigraphy:A case study of the Kingdom Abo sequence,west Texas.AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273～293
[7]Andreassen K,Nilssen L C,Rafaelsen B,Kuil man L.Three-di mensional seismic data from the Barents Sea margin reveal evidence of past ice streams and their dynamics.Geology,2004,32(8):729～732
[8]Dowdeswell J A,Evans J,Cofaigh C,Anderson J B.Morphology and sedi mentary processes on the continental slope off Pine Island Bay,Amundsen Sea,West Antarctica.GSA Bulletin,2006,118(5/6):606～619
[9]Lowe A L and Anderson J B.Reconstruction of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in Pine Island Bay during the last glacial maxi mum and its subsequent retreat history.Quaternary Science Reviews,2002,21:1879～1897
[10]Davison I,Alsop I,Birch P,Elders C,Evans N,Nicholson H,Rorison P,Wade D,Woodward J,Young M.Geometry and late-stage structural evolu-tion of Central Graben salt diapirs,North Sea.Ma-rine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17:499～522
[11]王海荣,尚楠,高伯南,屈伟,孙卫东.挠曲作用的形变响应及其表现形式.中国石油大学学报,2008,32(5):22～27
[12]Cady S L,Wenk H-R,Downing K H.HEREM of microcrystalline opal in chert and porcellanite from the Monterey Formation.California American Min-eralogist,1996,81:1380～1385
[13]Hesse R.Origin of chert:Diagenesis of biogenic sili-ceous sedi ments.In:McIlreath,I A&Morrow,D Weds,Diagenesis.Geoscience Canada Reprint Se-ries,1990,4:227～252
[14]Hein J R,Scholl D W,Barron J A,Jones M G&Miller J.Diagenesis of late Cenozoic diatomaceous deposits and formation of the bottom-si mulating re-flector in the southern Bering Sea.Sedi mentology,1978,25,155～181
[15]Davies RJ,Goulty N R,Meadows D,Fluid flowdue to the advance of basin-scale silica reaction zones.GSA Bulletin,2008,120(1/2):195～206
[16]Shanmugam G,Bloch R B,Mitchell S M,Beamish G WJ,Hodgkinson RJ,Damuth J E,Straume T,Sy-vertsen S E,Shields K E,Basin-floor fans in the North Sea:sequence stratigraphic models vs.sedi-mentary facies.AAPG Bulletin,1995a,9:477～512
[17]Wong H K,Ldmann T,Baranov B V,Karp,B Ya Konerding P,Ion G.Bottomcurrent-controlled sedi-mentation and mass wasting in the northwestern Sea of Okhotsk.Marine Geology,2003,201:287～305
[18]Weering T C E,Nielsen T,Kenyon N H,Akentieva K,Kuijpers H.Large submarine slides on the NE Faroe continental margin.In:Stoker M S,Evans D&Cramp Aeds,Geological Processes on Continental Margin:Sedi mentation,Mass-Wasting and Stability.Geological Society,London,Special Publication,1998,129:5～17
[19]Sultan N,Pierre Cochonat,Florence Cayocca,Jean-Fran ois Bourillet and Jean-Louis Colliat.Analysis of submarine slumping in the Gabon continental slope.AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(6):781～799
[20]Barley B.Deepwater problems around the world.The Leading Edge,1999,488～494
[21]Coren F,Volpi V,Tinivella U.Gas hydrate physical properties i maging by multi-attribute analysis—Blake Ridge BSRcase history.Marine Geology,2001,178:197～210
[2]Badley ME.Practical Seismic Interpretation.Inter-national Human Resources Development Corporation,Boston,1985
[3]陆基孟等编.地震勘探原理及资料解释.北京:石油工业出版社,1991
[4]Vail P R,Todd R Gand Sangree J B.Seismic stratig-raphy and global changes of sea level:part5:chro-nostratigraphic significance of seismic reflections,In C E Payton ed.,Seismic stratigraphy.AAPG Memoir.1977,26:99～116
[5]朱筱敏编著.层序地层学.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2000
[6]Zeng Hongliu,Kerans C.Seismic frequency control on carbonate seismic stratigraphy:A case study of the Kingdom Abo sequence,west Texas.AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273～293
[7]Andreassen K,Nilssen L C,Rafaelsen B,Kuil man L.Three-di mensional seismic data from the Barents Sea margin reveal evidence of past ice streams and their dynamics.Geology,2004,32(8):729～732
[8]Dowdeswell J A,Evans J,Cofaigh C,Anderson J B.Morphology and sedi mentary processes on the continental slope off Pine Island Bay,Amundsen Sea,West Antarctica.GSA Bulletin,2006,118(5/6):606～619
[9]Lowe A L and Anderson J B.Reconstruction of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in Pine Island Bay during the last glacial maxi mum and its subsequent retreat history.Quaternary Science Reviews,2002,21:1879～1897
[10]Davison I,Alsop I,Birch P,Elders C,Evans N,Nicholson H,Rorison P,Wade D,Woodward J,Young M.Geometry and late-stage structural evolu-tion of Central Graben salt diapirs,North Sea.Ma-rine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17:499～522
[11]王海荣,尚楠,高伯南,屈伟,孙卫东.挠曲作用的形变响应及其表现形式.中国石油大学学报,2008,32(5):22～27
[12]Cady S L,Wenk H-R,Downing K H.HEREM of microcrystalline opal in chert and porcellanite from the Monterey Formation.California American Min-eralogist,1996,81:1380～1385
[13]Hesse R.Origin of chert:Diagenesis of biogenic sili-ceous sedi ments.In:McIlreath,I A&Morrow,D Weds,Diagenesis.Geoscience Canada Reprint Se-ries,1990,4:227～252
[14]Hein J R,Scholl D W,Barron J A,Jones M G&Miller J.Diagenesis of late Cenozoic diatomaceous deposits and formation of the bottom-si mulating re-flector in the southern Bering Sea.Sedi mentology,1978,25,155～181
[15]Davies RJ,Goulty N R,Meadows D,Fluid flowdue to the advance of basin-scale silica reaction zones.GSA Bulletin,2008,120(1/2):195～206
[16]Shanmugam G,Bloch R B,Mitchell S M,Beamish G WJ,Hodgkinson RJ,Damuth J E,Straume T,Sy-vertsen S E,Shields K E,Basin-floor fans in the North Sea:sequence stratigraphic models vs.sedi-mentary facies.AAPG Bulletin,1995a,9:477～512
[17]Wong H K,Ldmann T,Baranov B V,Karp,B Ya Konerding P,Ion G.Bottomcurrent-controlled sedi-mentation and mass wasting in the northwestern Sea of Okhotsk.Marine Geology,2003,201:287～305
[18]Weering T C E,Nielsen T,Kenyon N H,Akentieva K,Kuijpers H.Large submarine slides on the NE Faroe continental margin.In:Stoker M S,Evans D&Cramp Aeds,Geological Processes on Continental Margin:Sedi mentation,Mass-Wasting and Stability.Geological Society,London,Special Publication,1998,129:5～17
[19]Sultan N,Pierre Cochonat,Florence Cayocca,Jean-Fran ois Bourillet and Jean-Louis Colliat.Analysis of submarine slumping in the Gabon continental slope.AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(6):781～799
[20]Barley B.Deepwater problems around the world.The Leading Edge,1999,488～494
[21]Coren F,Volpi V,Tinivella U.Gas hydrate physical properties i maging by multi-attribute analysis—Blake Ridge BSRcase history.Marine Geology,2001,178:197～210
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心