薄层生物碎屑灰岩的地震属性检测
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摘要
地震反射的薄层干涉限制了利用地震反射结构识别薄互层地层的能力,而地震属性隐含了地下介质三维非均质性分布信息,为此,探讨了通过地震属性的统计特性检测薄储层的能力。在黄骅坳陷某区,提取了古近系沙河街组一段下段(沙一下段)20ms时窗内的平均振幅和主频属性,统计分析了这2个属性异常与钻井岩性的对应关系;对多口钻井沙一下段各类岩石的声波时差进行了分析,总结出地震属性异常分布与井点岩性及其厚度的关系,得到在40～50Hz的地震主频下高速的生物碎屑灰岩和部分砂岩对属性特征起决定性作用的认识。对薄层生物碎屑灰岩地震属性检测的研究表明,岩石物理参数分析是确定地震属性解决地质问题能力的关键因素。
Thin-layer interference of seismic reflection constrains the a- bility of recognizing thin interbed formations from seismic reflection structure.However,seismic attributes involve the 3-D distribution of anisotropy of thin layers.So,the ability of detecting thin reser- voirs through seismic attributes was probed.In some area of Huan- ghua depression,the average amplitude and domain-frequency at- tributes of target strata(the lower Es1 member of Shahejie group) in 20ms time window were extracted,and their relationship with drilling lithology was statistically analyzed.The acoustic moveout of many wells in the lower Es1 member was analyzed.The relation- ship of seismic attribute anomaly with lithology and thickness of well point was concluded.This indicates that high-speed bioclastic limestone and part of sandstone in the domain frequency of 40-50 Hz is the determinative factor of attribute characteristics.The seis- mic attribute detection of bioclastic limestone from thin layers shows that rock physical parameters analysis is the key factor for the ability of seismic attributes in solving geological problems.
Thin-layer interference of seismic reflection constrains the a- bility of recognizing thin interbed formations from seismic reflection structure.However,seismic attributes involve the 3-D distribution of anisotropy of thin layers.So,the ability of detecting thin reser- voirs through seismic attributes was probed.In some area of Huan- ghua depression,the average amplitude and domain-frequency at- tributes of target strata(the lower Es1 member of Shahejie group) in 20ms time window were extracted,and their relationship with drilling lithology was statistically analyzed.The acoustic moveout of many wells in the lower Es1 member was analyzed.The relation- ship of seismic attribute anomaly with lithology and thickness of well point was concluded.This indicates that high-speed bioclastic limestone and part of sandstone in the domain frequency of 40-50 Hz is the determinative factor of attribute characteristics.The seis- mic attribute detection of bioclastic limestone from thin layers shows that rock physical parameters analysis is the key factor for the ability of seismic attributes in solving geological problems.
引文
1大港油田地质志编委．中国石油地质志(卷四)(大港油田)[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，1986．59～64
2金振奎，张响响，邹元荣．黄骅坳陷王徐庄油田沙一下湖泊碳酸盐岩沉积相及其对油气分布的控制作用[J]．古地理学报，2002，4(3)：36～42
3 Brown A R.Seismic attributes and their classification [J].The Leading Edge,1996,15(10):1090
4曹辉．地震属性应用中几个关键问题的探讨[J]．石油物探，2004，43(增刊)：1～3
5张颖，刘雯林．中国陆上石油地球物理勘探核心技术发展战略研究[J]．石油勘探与开发，2005，32(3)：38～44
6 Taner M T,Sheriff R E.Application of amplitude, frequency,and other attributes to stratigraphic and hydrocarbon determination[J].AAPG Memoir 26, 1977,301～327
7高林，杨勤勇．地震属性技术的新进展[J]．石油物探，2004，43(增刊)：10～16
8凌云研究组．基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2003，38(6)：642～653
9 Partyka G,Gridly J,Lopez J.Interpretational applica- tions of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization [J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353～358.
10 Hart B S,Balch R S.Approaches to defining reservoir physical properties from 3-D seismic attributes with limited well control:An example from the Jurassic Smackover Formation,Alabama[J].Geophysics, 2000,65(2):368～376
11吕公河，于常青，董宁．叠后地震属性分析在油气田勘探开发中的应用[J]．地球物理学进展，2006，21(1)：161～165
2金振奎，张响响，邹元荣．黄骅坳陷王徐庄油田沙一下湖泊碳酸盐岩沉积相及其对油气分布的控制作用[J]．古地理学报，2002，4(3)：36～42
3 Brown A R.Seismic attributes and their classification [J].The Leading Edge,1996,15(10):1090
4曹辉．地震属性应用中几个关键问题的探讨[J]．石油物探，2004，43(增刊)：1～3
5张颖，刘雯林．中国陆上石油地球物理勘探核心技术发展战略研究[J]．石油勘探与开发，2005，32(3)：38～44
6 Taner M T,Sheriff R E.Application of amplitude, frequency,and other attributes to stratigraphic and hydrocarbon determination[J].AAPG Memoir 26, 1977,301～327
7高林，杨勤勇．地震属性技术的新进展[J]．石油物探，2004，43(增刊)：10～16
8凌云研究组．基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2003，38(6)：642～653
9 Partyka G,Gridly J,Lopez J.Interpretational applica- tions of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization [J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353～358.
10 Hart B S,Balch R S.Approaches to defining reservoir physical properties from 3-D seismic attributes with limited well control:An example from the Jurassic Smackover Formation,Alabama[J].Geophysics, 2000,65(2):368～376
11吕公河，于常青，董宁．叠后地震属性分析在油气田勘探开发中的应用[J]．地球物理学进展，2006，21(1)：161～165
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