碳酸盐岩溶洞横向尺度变化的地震响应正演模拟
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摘要
为了模拟碳酸盐岩储层中不同横向尺度溶洞的地震响应特征,设计了具有不同横向尺度但高度和充填物相同的溶洞地质模型,分别采用数值模拟技术和物理模拟技术进行了正演模拟,分析研究了由溶洞宽度变化引起的地震响应变化的特征。研究结果表明,溶洞宽度的变化会引起溶洞反射特征"串珠"中"珠"的数目发生改变,溶洞顶、底位置与溶洞绕射波的相位有对应关系,在偏移剖面中"串珠"尺度与实际溶洞尺度之间存在较大差异。对比同一模型的数值模拟和物理模拟正演结果发现,所得的不同横向尺度溶洞的地震响应特征总的趋势是一致的,但在细节上有所差异,这表明两种正演方法具有互补性,为研究溶洞的"串珠状"地震波反射特征提供了更好的手段。
In order to simulate the seismic responses of caverns with different lateral scale in carbonate reservoirs,we designed cavern geologic models with same height and fillings but different lateral scale,adopted numerical simulation and physical modeling for forward simulation,and analyzed the variation features of seismic responses via the changes of cave width.The results indicate that the changes of cave width will cause the number of"pill"varying in the"string"reflection characteristic,the top and bottom of cave has corresponding relationship with cave diffracted wave.On migration section,the scale of"string"has large contrast with actual cave width.The comparison on forward simulation results of the same model by numerical simulation and physical modeling methods shows that the overall trend of seismic response of different lateralscale caverns is uniform,but difference exists in detail,which indicates that the two methods are complementary and provides better means for study the"string"reflection characteristic of caverns.
In order to simulate the seismic responses of caverns with different lateral scale in carbonate reservoirs,we designed cavern geologic models with same height and fillings but different lateral scale,adopted numerical simulation and physical modeling for forward simulation,and analyzed the variation features of seismic responses via the changes of cave width.The results indicate that the changes of cave width will cause the number of"pill"varying in the"string"reflection characteristic,the top and bottom of cave has corresponding relationship with cave diffracted wave.On migration section,the scale of"string"has large contrast with actual cave width.The comparison on forward simulation results of the same model by numerical simulation and physical modeling methods shows that the overall trend of seismic response of different lateralscale caverns is uniform,but difference exists in detail,which indicates that the two methods are complementary and provides better means for study the"string"reflection characteristic of caverns.
引文
1曹均,贺振华,黄德济,等.孔洞储层地震波特征响应的物理模型实验研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(6):576-582
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7姚姚.菲涅尔带与洞缝型油气藏地震波场[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):491-494
8吴俊峰,姚姚,撒利明.碳酸盐岩特殊孔洞型构造地震响应特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2): 180-185
9姚姚,唐文榜.深层碳酸盐岩岩溶风化壳洞缝型油气藏可检测性的理论研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003, 38(6):623-629
10魏建新,狄帮让,王立华.孔洞储层地震物理模拟研究[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):156-160
11王立华,魏建新,狄帮让.溶洞物理模型地震响应及其属性分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):291- 296
12 Loucks R G.Paleocave carbonate reservoirs:origins, burial-depth modifications,spatial complexity,and reservoir implications[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(11): 1 795-1 834
13裴正林,牟永光.非均匀介质地震波传播交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2003,27(6):17-21
14 Cerjan C,Kosloff D,Kosloff R,et al.A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(3):705- 708
2胡中平.溶洞地震波“串珠状”形成机理及识别方法[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(4):423-426
3李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲,等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5): 428-432
4贺振华,杜正聪,文晓涛.碳酸盐岩喀斯特溶洞和裂缝系统的地震模拟与预测[J].地球科学进展,2004,19 (3):399-402
5闵小刚,顾汉明,朱定.塔河油田孔洞模型的波动方程正演模拟[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(3):187- 191
6何建军,李琼,李宗杰,等.碳酸盐岩溶洞型储集体地震检测的累计能量差方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(4): 337-341
7姚姚.菲涅尔带与洞缝型油气藏地震波场[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):491-494
8吴俊峰,姚姚,撒利明.碳酸盐岩特殊孔洞型构造地震响应特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2): 180-185
9姚姚,唐文榜.深层碳酸盐岩岩溶风化壳洞缝型油气藏可检测性的理论研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003, 38(6):623-629
10魏建新,狄帮让,王立华.孔洞储层地震物理模拟研究[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):156-160
11王立华,魏建新,狄帮让.溶洞物理模型地震响应及其属性分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):291- 296
12 Loucks R G.Paleocave carbonate reservoirs:origins, burial-depth modifications,spatial complexity,and reservoir implications[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(11): 1 795-1 834
13裴正林,牟永光.非均匀介质地震波传播交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2003,27(6):17-21
14 Cerjan C,Kosloff D,Kosloff R,et al.A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(3):705- 708
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