图像边缘检测方法在地震剖面同相轴自动检测中的应用研究
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摘要
为了提高地震剖面的信噪比和分辨率,使同相轴容易识别和追踪,便于地震资料解释,应用图像边缘检测方法检测地震剖面的同相轴.通过对比各种边缘检测方法对地震剖面的边缘检测效果,确定使用Canny算子对地震剖面进行边缘检测.但边缘检测的结果是灰度突变区域的包络线,并不能直接作为同相轴检测结果.根据地层反射同相轴灰度值较大这一特性,提取强灰度包络线的中轴作为同相轴的检测追踪结果,得到了正确的同相轴检测结果.并经过消除检测结果中的斑点边缘后,使同相轴显示更加清晰.
In order to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic section、detect phase axis and explain seismic section,using edge measuring technique to detect phase axis of seismic tection.Through contrast of the result of different edge measuring operator,we find the canny operator is good at seismic section edge measuring.But the result of edge measuring is just surround line of the break of gray and not the result of detection of phase axis.The gray of seismic phase axis is higher,so we sue the median axis of the surround line of the higher gray as the seismic phase axis and we get the right result.And after eliminating fleck yawp,the seismic phase axis is clearer.
In order to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic section、detect phase axis and explain seismic section,using edge measuring technique to detect phase axis of seismic tection.Through contrast of the result of different edge measuring operator,we find the canny operator is good at seismic section edge measuring.But the result of edge measuring is just surround line of the break of gray and not the result of detection of phase axis.The gray of seismic phase axis is higher,so we sue the median axis of the surround line of the higher gray as the seismic phase axis and we get the right result.And after eliminating fleck yawp,the seismic phase axis is clearer.
引文
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[16]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,肖焕钦,赵铭海.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896~901LU Wen-kai,DINGWen-long,ZHANG Shan-wen,XIAOHuan-qin,ZHAO Ming-hai.A high-resolution processingtechnique for 3-D seismic data based on signal sub-space de-composition[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4):896~901.
[17]马艳,张治辉.几种边缘检测算子的比较[J].工矿自动化,2004,1:54~56.
[18]沈洁,杜宇人,高洁军.图像边缘检测技术研究[J].信息技术,2005,12:32~34.
[19]王坤,刘天伟,杜芳芳,常琳.MATLAB在对图像进行边缘检测方面的作用[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,23(2):161~165.
[20]宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):63~68.
[2]高美娟,田景文,高兴友,余杰.利用边缘检测法检测地震反射同相轴[J].石油学院学报,2000,24(3):8~11.
[3]宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):63~68NING Jin-sheng,WANG Hai-hong,LUO Zhi-cai.Downwardcontinuation of gravity signals based on the multiscale edgeconstraint[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1):63~68
[4]陆文凯,牟永光.用自组织神经网络实现地震同相轴自动追踪[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):77~83.
[5]刘代志,王仁明,李夕海,刘志刚.基于小波包分解及AR模型的单通道地震波信号初至点检测[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1098~1102LIU Dai-zhi,WANG Ren-ming,LI Xi-hai,LIU Zhi-gang.Onset point identification of single-channel seismic signal basedon wavelet packet and the AR model[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1098~1102
[6]董恩清,朱光明,吴文奎.应用模式识别自动追踪地震剖面同相轴[J].西安石油学院学报,1998,13(2):12~16.
[7]王维红,首皓,刘洪,等.线性同向轴波场分离的高分辨率τ-р变换法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):74~78.WANG Wei-hong,SHOU hao,LIU Hong,etc.High resolu-tionг-рtransform in linear events wavefield separation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):74~78.
[8]李月,杨宝俊,赵雪平,张铭,林红波.检测地震勘探微弱同相轴的混沌振子算法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(6):1428~1433.
[9]赵雪平,李月,杨宝俊.用于检测同相轴的Duffing型系统恢复力项的讨论[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):61~69.
[10]袁野,罗正玮,李月.Ricker子波视主频的变化对混沌振子检测效果的影响[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):70~73.
[11]李学森.地震反射层位构造信息三维可视化显示技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):735~740.LI Xue-sen.A study on 3-D visualization display techniquefor tectonic Information from seismic horizon[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(3):735~740.
[12]王绪松,杨长春.对地震图象进行保边滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452~457.WANG Xu-song,YANG Chang-chun.An edge-preservingsmoothing algorithm of seismic image using nonlinear aniso-tropic diffusion equation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chi-nese),2006,21(2):452~457.
[13]泽仁志玛,陈会忠,何加勇,等.震动图快速生成系统研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):809~813.ZEREN Zhi-ma,CHEN Hui-zhong,HE Jia-yong,etc.Re-search on rapid generation system of ShakeMap[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3):809~813.
[14]喻振华,冯德山,汤井田.地震波速与吸收系数综合层析成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1338~1341.YU Zhen-hua,FENG De-shan,TANG Jing-tian.The seis-mic tomography of combining velocity and absorption coeffi-cient[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1338~1341.
[15]魏树红,夏雅琴,李征,等.地电信号的自动采集及信号的初步分析[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1359~1363.WEI Shu-hong,XIA Ya-qin,LI Zheng,etc.Automatic col-lecting and analyzing of seismic-electrical signal[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1359~1363.
[16]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,肖焕钦,赵铭海.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896~901LU Wen-kai,DINGWen-long,ZHANG Shan-wen,XIAOHuan-qin,ZHAO Ming-hai.A high-resolution processingtechnique for 3-D seismic data based on signal sub-space de-composition[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4):896~901.
[17]马艳,张治辉.几种边缘检测算子的比较[J].工矿自动化,2004,1:54~56.
[18]沈洁,杜宇人,高洁军.图像边缘检测技术研究[J].信息技术,2005,12:32~34.
[19]王坤,刘天伟,杜芳芳,常琳.MATLAB在对图像进行边缘检测方面的作用[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,23(2):161~165.
[20]宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):63~68.
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