煤田三维地震勘探技术在河流及河漫滩地区的应用
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摘要
山西高河井田属海河水系长治盆地水文区,主要河流为纵贯全区的浊漳河,自西南流入区内。勘探区内地形地质条件复杂,河流及河漫滩面积大,为克服三维地震勘探存在的诸如检波线的铺设、检波器藕合、激发层位选择等难题,主要采取了陆上检波器挖坑埋置(黄土地段坑深20cm,沙滩地段坑深40cm)、水上检波器用木桩固定等措施,并采用陆上井中放炮、砾石层坑炮、河水中水下放炮相结合的激发方式。为防止井喷和声波产生的高频随机干扰,采取浅井井口压沙袋技术。通过处理解释,获得了较为精确的断层、陷落柱等地质信息,为矿方安全生产提供了可靠的地质保障。
The Gaohe minefield,Shanxi is situated in the Changzhi Basin hydrologic area that is a part of the Haihe drainage system.The Zhuozhang River from southwest runs through whole area.Topographic and geologic conditions are rather complex with large fluvial and floodplain areas.To overcome existing puzzles in 3D seismic prospecting such as geophone layout,geophone coupling,shotpoint selection etc.,measures have adopted including geophone pit embedding(pit depth 20cm in loess,40cm in sand),hydrophone timber pile fixing;shotting modes including combined borehole shot and gravel pit shot on land and underwater shot in river water.To prevent well blowout and acoustic wave caused high frequency random noises,shallow borehole collar sandbag covering is adopted.Through processing and interpretation,rather accurate geological information of faults,subsided columns obtained,provided with reliable geological security for mining safety.
The Gaohe minefield,Shanxi is situated in the Changzhi Basin hydrologic area that is a part of the Haihe drainage system.The Zhuozhang River from southwest runs through whole area.Topographic and geologic conditions are rather complex with large fluvial and floodplain areas.To overcome existing puzzles in 3D seismic prospecting such as geophone layout,geophone coupling,shotpoint selection etc.,measures have adopted including geophone pit embedding(pit depth 20cm in loess,40cm in sand),hydrophone timber pile fixing;shotting modes including combined borehole shot and gravel pit shot on land and underwater shot in river water.To prevent well blowout and acoustic wave caused high frequency random noises,shallow borehole collar sandbag covering is adopted.Through processing and interpretation,rather accurate geological information of faults,subsided columns obtained,provided with reliable geological security for mining safety.
引文
[1]唐建益,方正.煤矿采区实用地震勘探技术.煤炭工业出版社,1998.
[2]丁长欣.水上煤田地震勘探方法及效果[J].中国煤田地质,1999,11(S1).
[2]丁长欣.水上煤田地震勘探方法及效果[J].中国煤田地质,1999,11(S1).
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