微地震信号的偏振—位置对比法震相分离技术
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摘要
针对微地震信号的特点,本文设计了改进的二维f-k滤波,并与自适应极化滤波相结合,提出了偏振—位置对比法追踪波的跟踪分量,实现信号的震相分离。在设计f-k滤波因子时,通过计算相邻道的滑动时窗内信号的互相关系数,确定时窗的视速度范围;在设计自适应极化滤波因子时,针对复杂波场波的期望方向不确定问题,本文通过计算相邻道的偏振投影互相关系数,确定波的跟踪分量;把常规极化滤波因子中的期望方向选为跟踪分量的方向,滤波后的信号分别向跟踪分量上进行投影,即可实现信号的震相分离。理论模型和实际资料的处理效果表明,该方法可明显改善信号分离效果。
In view of the character of seismic signal,the paper designed improved f-k filtering and presented polarization-position correlation to trace the traced component of waves in combination with adaptive polarization filtering,realizing seismic phase separation of signal. When designing the f-k filtering factor,the region of the apparent velocity in the time-window was determined by computing cross-correlation coefficient of signal in the sliding window of adjacent traces; when designing the adaptive polarization filtering factor,the paper determined the traced component of waves by computing the cross-correlation coefficient of polarization projection in adjacent traces because of uncertainty problem of waves' anticipated direction in wavefield; selecting the anticipated direction of conventional polarization filtering factor as the direction of traced component,the filtered signal was projected into traced component respectively,which achieved the seismic phase separation of signal. The theoretical model and practical data processing showed that the method is able to dramatically improve the results of signal separation.
In view of the character of seismic signal,the paper designed improved f-k filtering and presented polarization-position correlation to trace the traced component of waves in combination with adaptive polarization filtering,realizing seismic phase separation of signal. When designing the f-k filtering factor,the region of the apparent velocity in the time-window was determined by computing cross-correlation coefficient of signal in the sliding window of adjacent traces; when designing the adaptive polarization filtering factor,the paper determined the traced component of waves by computing the cross-correlation coefficient of polarization projection in adjacent traces because of uncertainty problem of waves' anticipated direction in wavefield; selecting the anticipated direction of conventional polarization filtering factor as the direction of traced component,the filtered signal was projected into traced component respectively,which achieved the seismic phase separation of signal. The theoretical model and practical data processing showed that the method is able to dramatically improve the results of signal separation.
引文
[1]梁兵,朱广生.油气田勘探开发中的微震监测方法.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[2]张山,刘清林,赵群等.微地震监测技术在油田开发中的应用.石油物探,2002,41(2):226～231
[3]加尔彼林著;何樵登,杨宝俊译.地震勘探偏振法.北京:石油工业出版社,1989
[4]董寻虎,武延祥.改进的二维滤波技术在浅层地声探测中的应用.声学技术,1996,15(6):16～17
[5]李亚安,穆林.二维滤波技术在浅地层地声信号处理中的应用.应用声学,1995,14(2):38～41
[6]赵鸿儒,孙进忠,唐文榜等.全波震相分析.北京:地震出版社,1991
[7]黄中玉,高林,谢大进等.三分量数据的偏振分析及其应用.石油物探,1996,35(2):9～16
[8]Azikl,Perelberg and Scott C Hornbostel.Applica-tions of seismic polarization analysis.Geophysics,1994,59(1):119～130
[9]Benhama Aet al.Study and application of spatial di-mentional filtering in three component recordings.Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(6):570～582
[10]宋维琪,孙英杰,朱卫星.微地震资料频率域相干—时间域偏振滤波方法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):161～167
[2]张山,刘清林,赵群等.微地震监测技术在油田开发中的应用.石油物探,2002,41(2):226～231
[3]加尔彼林著;何樵登,杨宝俊译.地震勘探偏振法.北京:石油工业出版社,1989
[4]董寻虎,武延祥.改进的二维滤波技术在浅层地声探测中的应用.声学技术,1996,15(6):16～17
[5]李亚安,穆林.二维滤波技术在浅地层地声信号处理中的应用.应用声学,1995,14(2):38～41
[6]赵鸿儒,孙进忠,唐文榜等.全波震相分析.北京:地震出版社,1991
[7]黄中玉,高林,谢大进等.三分量数据的偏振分析及其应用.石油物探,1996,35(2):9～16
[8]Azikl,Perelberg and Scott C Hornbostel.Applica-tions of seismic polarization analysis.Geophysics,1994,59(1):119～130
[9]Benhama Aet al.Study and application of spatial di-mentional filtering in three component recordings.Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(6):570～582
[10]宋维琪,孙英杰,朱卫星.微地震资料频率域相干—时间域偏振滤波方法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):161～167
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