测试地震数据采集系统总谐波畸变的剪切FFT算法
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摘要
随着地震勘探技术的发展,地震数据采集系统的配置道数和实时采集道数可多达万道甚至十万道,在不降低测试精度的前提下,对地震数据采集系统性能指标的测试效率也提出了更高的要求。本文从总谐波畸变计算公式和FFT的运算结构出发,提出了测试地震数据采集系统总谐波畸变的剪切FFT算法,该法的核心思想是只计算对目标输出有贡献的蝶型运算节点,其关键在于采用正序输入、反序输出确定与期望输出有关系的蝶型运算节点,只进行与总谐波畸变公式中所需要的基波和谐波幅度值有关的计算,建立了由输入数据到期望输出之间的计算路径,并根据确定的蝶型运算节点来计算测试数据的基波和各次谐波的幅度值,进而计算数据采集通道的总谐波畸变。理论分析和实际计算结果表明,剪切FFT算法的计算精度与标准算法完全相同,运算量显著减少,提高了测试效率,适用于大道数地震数据采集系统总谐波畸变指标的野外或室内测试。
Along with development of techniques of seismic exploration,the equipped and real-time acquired number of channel can reach to ten thousand and hundred thousand channels,raising the higher demand on efficiency testing property index of seismic data acquisition system in a precondition of without decreasing test precision.Starting from computational formula of total harmonic distortion and FFT operational structure,the paper presented the FFT Pruning algorithm testing total harmonic distortion of seismic data acquisition system,the kernel of which is only to compute butterfly operation nodes contributing objective output,and key lies on using forward-order input and reverse-order output to determine the butterfly operation nodes relative to anticipated output,creates computational path from input data to anticipated output and computes amplitudes of elemental and various harmonic waves in testing data based on determined butterfly operation nodes,and further computes the total harmonic distortion of data-acquired channels.The theoretical analysis and practical computational results showed the computational precision of FFT Pruning algorithm is totally same as standard algorithm,but greatly reduces operational effort,which is suitable for field or indoor test of the index of total harmonic distortion of seismic data acquisition system with larger number of channels.
Along with development of techniques of seismic exploration,the equipped and real-time acquired number of channel can reach to ten thousand and hundred thousand channels,raising the higher demand on efficiency testing property index of seismic data acquisition system in a precondition of without decreasing test precision.Starting from computational formula of total harmonic distortion and FFT operational structure,the paper presented the FFT Pruning algorithm testing total harmonic distortion of seismic data acquisition system,the kernel of which is only to compute butterfly operation nodes contributing objective output,and key lies on using forward-order input and reverse-order output to determine the butterfly operation nodes relative to anticipated output,creates computational path from input data to anticipated output and computes amplitudes of elemental and various harmonic waves in testing data based on determined butterfly operation nodes,and further computes the total harmonic distortion of data-acquired channels.The theoretical analysis and practical computational results showed the computational precision of FFT Pruning algorithm is totally same as standard algorithm,but greatly reduces operational effort,which is suitable for field or indoor test of the index of total harmonic distortion of seismic data acquisition system with larger number of channels.
引文
[1]罗福龙．地震仪器概述及其指标分析(二)．物探装备，2004，14(4)：278～283
[2]刘益成等．地震数据采集系统谐波畸变测试方法研究．石油物探，2006，45(4)：431～434
[3]张永学等．GYZ4000型高精度遥测地震仪的研制．石油机械，2000，28(增刊)：109～111
[4]韩晓泉等．新一代地震仪器要解决的几个问题．物探装备，2006，16(4)：243～248
[5]张在陆．数据采集系统信号混叠的研究．石油仪器，1998，12(1)：8～12
[6]Robert B et al.Finite-precision goertzel filters used for signal tone detection.IEEE Transactions on Cir- cuits and Systems,2001,48(6):691～700
[7]Richard G L著，朱光明等译．数字信号处理．北京：机械工业出版社，2005，358～360
[8]程乾生．信号数字处理的数学原理(第二版)．北京：石油工业出版社，1993，203～205
[9]Oppenheim A V等著，黄建国等译．离散时间信号处理．北京：科学出版社，1998，483～484
[10]John D M.FFT Pruning.IEEE Transactions on Au- dio and Electroacoustics,1971,19(4):305～311
[11]Holm S.FFT pruning applied to time domain interpo- lation and peak localization.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech Signal Processing,1987,35(12): 1776～1778
[12]He Shousheng et al.Computing partial DFT for comb spectrum evaluation.IEEE Signal Processing Let- ters,1996,3(6):173～175
[13]Hu Zhong et al.A novel generic fast Fourier trans- form pruning technique and complexity analysis. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2005, 53(1):274～282
[2]刘益成等．地震数据采集系统谐波畸变测试方法研究．石油物探，2006，45(4)：431～434
[3]张永学等．GYZ4000型高精度遥测地震仪的研制．石油机械，2000，28(增刊)：109～111
[4]韩晓泉等．新一代地震仪器要解决的几个问题．物探装备，2006，16(4)：243～248
[5]张在陆．数据采集系统信号混叠的研究．石油仪器，1998，12(1)：8～12
[6]Robert B et al.Finite-precision goertzel filters used for signal tone detection.IEEE Transactions on Cir- cuits and Systems,2001,48(6):691～700
[7]Richard G L著，朱光明等译．数字信号处理．北京：机械工业出版社，2005，358～360
[8]程乾生．信号数字处理的数学原理(第二版)．北京：石油工业出版社，1993，203～205
[9]Oppenheim A V等著，黄建国等译．离散时间信号处理．北京：科学出版社，1998，483～484
[10]John D M.FFT Pruning.IEEE Transactions on Au- dio and Electroacoustics,1971,19(4):305～311
[11]Holm S.FFT pruning applied to time domain interpo- lation and peak localization.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech Signal Processing,1987,35(12): 1776～1778
[12]He Shousheng et al.Computing partial DFT for comb spectrum evaluation.IEEE Signal Processing Let- ters,1996,3(6):173～175
[13]Hu Zhong et al.A novel generic fast Fourier trans- form pruning technique and complexity analysis. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2005, 53(1):274～282
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