三维地震小面元采集技术在晋城矿区的应用
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摘要
依托"西部煤炭资源高精度三维地震勘探技术"工程,对晋城矿区进行了旨在提高小断层,小陷落柱探测能力的高密度三维地震勘探。根据面元选择因素及该区地质任务,采用5m×5m网格进行野外数据采集;考虑炮检距、方位角、覆盖次数、排列片横纵比及煤层埋深(350～500m)等因素,采用中点放炮、60道接收,24次覆盖(横向4次,纵向6次)的8线16炮束状观测系统,基岩中激发。原始资料经同一处理流程后,获得5m×5m×1ms、5m×10m×1ms、10m×10m×1ms及2.5m×2.5m×1ms不同单元的三维数据体多个,通过对比可以发现小断层,小陷落柱在其小面元叠加时间剖面、顺层切片及相干切片都有清晰的反映。实例说明,小面元采集技术可以提高对小构造的纵、横向分辨能力,满足山区对三维地震精确勘探的要求。
Rely on the "Western China Coal Resource High Precision 3D Seismic Prospecting Technology" project engineering,carried out high density 3D seismic prospecting aim to improve minor fault,small subsided column exploration ability.Based on surface element selection factors and geologic tasks in the area,5m×5m grid field data acquisition is adopted;considering factors of offset,azimuth,fold,spread patch aspect ratio and coal seam depth(350～500m),have used split shooting,60 traces receiving,24 folds(transversal 4,longitudinal 6) 8 lines 16 shots bunchy field setup and shooting in bedrock.Original data processed in a same flow,obtained 5m×5m×1ms,5m×10m×1ms,10m×10m×1ms and 2.5m×2.5m×1ms different unit multiple 3D data volumes,through contrast can find there are clear reflection of minor faults,small subsided columns on small surface element stacked time sections,bedding and coherent slices.Examples demonstrated that the small surface element acquisition technology can improve small structure transversal and longitudinal resolutions and satisfy mountainous area 3D seismic precision prospecting requirements.
Rely on the "Western China Coal Resource High Precision 3D Seismic Prospecting Technology" project engineering,carried out high density 3D seismic prospecting aim to improve minor fault,small subsided column exploration ability.Based on surface element selection factors and geologic tasks in the area,5m×5m grid field data acquisition is adopted;considering factors of offset,azimuth,fold,spread patch aspect ratio and coal seam depth(350～500m),have used split shooting,60 traces receiving,24 folds(transversal 4,longitudinal 6) 8 lines 16 shots bunchy field setup and shooting in bedrock.Original data processed in a same flow,obtained 5m×5m×1ms,5m×10m×1ms,10m×10m×1ms and 2.5m×2.5m×1ms different unit multiple 3D data volumes,through contrast can find there are clear reflection of minor faults,small subsided columns on small surface element stacked time sections,bedding and coherent slices.Examples demonstrated that the small surface element acquisition technology can improve small structure transversal and longitudinal resolutions and satisfy mountainous area 3D seismic precision prospecting requirements.
引文
[1]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:28-29.
[2]陆基孟.地震勘探原理(上册)[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993:114-116.
[3]程增庆,王肖颖,王志荣,等.三维地震勘探横向分辨率的研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):62.
[4]宋长愿,段建华,费明泽,温建绪.小面元采集三维地震勘探技术应用初探[J].中国煤田地质,2007,19(S2).
[2]陆基孟.地震勘探原理(上册)[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993:114-116.
[3]程增庆,王肖颖,王志荣,等.三维地震勘探横向分辨率的研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):62.
[4]宋长愿,段建华,费明泽,温建绪.小面元采集三维地震勘探技术应用初探[J].中国煤田地质,2007,19(S2).
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