波动方程叠前τ偏移技术在永安三维地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
永安三维工区地下地质结构复杂,火成岩广泛发育,严重影响了该地区的地震成像效果,主要表现为小断层成像质量差、火成岩附近反射界面能量弱、目的层难以追踪解释。经过多轮叠前时间偏移处理仍然未取得满意的成像结果。为此,引入了双平方根(DSR)单程波动方程叠前τ偏移方法。该方法要求输入的地震数据为零方位,因此需要进行方位时差校正和炮检距规则化。针对窄方位三维地震数据特点,提出了DMO校正+炮检距面元化+DMO~(-1)校正流程。分别利用Kircohoff叠前偏移和叠前τ偏移+DMO校正+炮检距面元化+DMO~(-1)校正方法对永安三维地震资料进行处理,结果表明,后者的应用效果较好,火成岩之间反射层位同相轴连续性得到改善,断层断面更清晰,成像分辨率明显提高,而且两者耗时几乎一样,证实了DSR单程波动方程叠前τ偏移方法的实用性。
Yongan 3D area has complex subsurface geologic structure, and igneous rock is widely developed,which seriously impacts the seismic imaging of the area,displaying as bad imaging of small fault,weak energy of reflection interface near to igneous rock,and difficult to trace and interpret target formation.After several times of prestack time migration,good result still cannot be achieved. Therefore,double-square-root(DSR) one-way wave equation prestackτmigration was introduced.The method requires zero-azimuth seismic data,so azimuth moveout correction and offset regularization is need.Aiming at the characteristics of narrow-azimuth 3Dseismic data in the area,we proposed a workflow including DMO correction,offset regularization and DMO~(-1) correction.Both Kircohoff prestack migration and the prestackτmigration combined with above workflow were applied to Yongan 3D data.Result shows that the latter method can improve the continuity of reflection events between igneous rocks,make the fault and fault section clearer,and increase imaging resolution.Meanwhile,the two methods cost almost the same time,which proved the feasibility of the latter method proposed here.
Yongan 3D area has complex subsurface geologic structure, and igneous rock is widely developed,which seriously impacts the seismic imaging of the area,displaying as bad imaging of small fault,weak energy of reflection interface near to igneous rock,and difficult to trace and interpret target formation.After several times of prestack time migration,good result still cannot be achieved. Therefore,double-square-root(DSR) one-way wave equation prestackτmigration was introduced.The method requires zero-azimuth seismic data,so azimuth moveout correction and offset regularization is need.Aiming at the characteristics of narrow-azimuth 3Dseismic data in the area,we proposed a workflow including DMO correction,offset regularization and DMO~(-1) correction.Both Kircohoff prestack migration and the prestackτmigration combined with above workflow were applied to Yongan 3D data.Result shows that the latter method can improve the continuity of reflection events between igneous rocks,make the fault and fault section clearer,and increase imaging resolution.Meanwhile,the two methods cost almost the same time,which proved the feasibility of the latter method proposed here.
引文
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[2]方伍宝,周腾,袁联生,等.叠前深度偏移在复杂地区的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):68-71
[3]陈伟,方伍宝.偏移成像技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(5/6):451-462
[4]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.窄方位地震数据双平方根方程偏移方法探讨[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(2): 399-406
[5]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.双平方根单程波动方程叠前τ偏移方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):260-267
[6]Cheng J B,Ma Z T,Geng J H,et al.Double-squareroot one-way wave equation prestack tau migration in heterogeneous media[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2008,56(1):69-85
[7]王棣,王华忠,马在田,等.叠前时间偏移方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5):313-319
[8]刘建芳,华伟,王士昆,等.江苏低信噪比地区深层地震资料处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2008,47(6): 583-587
[9]陈海洋,石生林,王智杰,等.三维叠前时间偏移技术在江苏高邮凹陷的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2008,43(3):279-283
[10]王丽,屠世杰,赵传雪,等.叠前深度偏移技术在江苏火成岩地区的应用[J].石油物探,2005,45(1): 79-82
[11]毛树礼,胡斌,刘小明,等.苏北盆地深层综合勘探技术研究及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3): 201-207
[12]辛可锋,王华忠,王成礼,等.叠前地震数据的规则化[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):311-317
[13]王棣,马秀红,崔兴福,等.偏移距规则化技术在叠前时间偏移中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32 (1):44-47
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