激发井、接收井互换的井中地震观测方法
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摘要
本文提出一种激发井与接收井互换的井中地震观测方法,即将非零源距VSP观测系统置于井中,据此得到靠近接收井一侧的半空间反射波成像,再将激发井与接收井互换进行观测,得到另一半空间的反射波成像,最后将两者合在一起得到井间目的层的一个完整成像。这种方法通过优化观测系统设计,合理论证入射角度、覆盖次数等特征参数并控制激发点数,完全避开了近地表的影响,大大节省了测量时间,其数据质量是常规VSP数据无法比拟的。此种观测方式适用于采集反射波资料,其成果更易于与VSP和地面地震资料联合进行地质解释,而且可以避免常规井间地震获得的广角反射资料中存在的问题。
The paper presented a shooting hole and receiving hole transposed cross-hole seismic surveying method, that is to take non-zero offset VSP geometry into hole, the imaging of reflection waves in half space of receiver-hole side is obtained; and then, surveying is carried out by transposition of shooting hole and receiver hole, the imaging of reflection waves in other half space is obtained, finally, put both images together to get a complete image of cross-hole targets. The method completely avoids the influence of near surface by optimizing the design of geometry, reasonable demonstration of characteristic parameters such as incident angle and folds and controlling the number of shooting point, which greatly saves surveying time, and data quality is unmatchable to common VSP data. This surveying way is suitable for acquisition of reflections data, and their results are easier to carry out joint geologic interpretation with VSP and surface seismic data and can avoid the trouble brought about by wide-angle reflections data in common cross-hole seismic survey.
The paper presented a shooting hole and receiving hole transposed cross-hole seismic surveying method, that is to take non-zero offset VSP geometry into hole, the imaging of reflection waves in half space of receiver-hole side is obtained; and then, surveying is carried out by transposition of shooting hole and receiver hole, the imaging of reflection waves in other half space is obtained, finally, put both images together to get a complete image of cross-hole targets. The method completely avoids the influence of near surface by optimizing the design of geometry, reasonable demonstration of characteristic parameters such as incident angle and folds and controlling the number of shooting point, which greatly saves surveying time, and data quality is unmatchable to common VSP data. This surveying way is suitable for acquisition of reflections data, and their results are easier to carry out joint geologic interpretation with VSP and surface seismic data and can avoid the trouble brought about by wide-angle reflections data in common cross-hole seismic survey.
引文
[1]严又生等.关于井间地震层析成像中几个问题的讨论.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(4):492~502
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[3]Yan Yousheng et al.Comparison of crosswell seismic data for two sources in China.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):312~313
[4]严又生等.井间地震测量数据的反射波成像及解释.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):36~41
[5]严又生等.井间地震速度和Q值联合层析成像及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):9~17
[6]Yan Yousheng et al.Interpretation of lithology and connectivity with crosswell velocity tomography.Ex-panded Abstracts of64th EAGE,2002,146
[7]Yan Yousheng et al.VTI analysis on crosswell seis-mic data.First Break,2003,21(5):47~50
[8]Yan Yousheng et al.Application of crosswell seismic reflection i maging for interpretation of cnnectivity.Expanded Abstracts of68th EAGE,2006
[9]宋常瑜等.小波多尺度井间地震衰减层析成像.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):30~33
[10]许丽等.应用井间地震资料建立砂泥岩薄互层地质模型.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(1):58~61
[11]施振飞等.利用井间地震资料与测井资料进行储层精细解释.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):172~175
[12]唐金良等.井间地震资料解释方法技术及其应用.石油物探,2006,45(6)
[13]何惺华等.对井间地震反射波的分析.石油物探,2006,45(5)
[14]王秀玲等.胜利油田盐家地区井间地震资料应用研究.石油物探,2005,44(4)
[15]陈世军等.基于薄层模型的有限频率井间地震波层析成像.石油物探,2005,44(5)
[16]刘磊等.井间地震技术在胜利油田开发阶段中的应用.石油物探,2005,44(6)
[17]Jorge Parra et al.Analyses of porosity and permeabili-ty variations captured by cross-well seismic measure-ments and geophysical well logs at Port Mayaca aqui-fer.Expanded Abstracts of77th SEG Mtg,2007
[18]D’Agosto C et al.Enhancing crosswell acquisition ef-ficiency with combined up-going and down-goingi ma-ging.Expanded Abstracts of76th SEG Mtg,2006
[19]Joe Wong et al.Stewart.Crosswell seismic i maging of a tight-gas reservoir.Expanded Abstracts of77th SEG Mtg,2007
[20]Jerry M Harris et al.High-resolution crosswell i ma-ging of a west Texas carbonate reservoir,Part1:Pro-ject summary andinterpretation.Geophysics,1995,60(3):667~681
[21]朱光明.垂直地震剖面法.北京:石油工业出版社,1988
[2]严又生等.JL油田井间地震测量及纵、横波层析成像.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(6):749~757
[3]Yan Yousheng et al.Comparison of crosswell seismic data for two sources in China.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):312~313
[4]严又生等.井间地震测量数据的反射波成像及解释.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):36~41
[5]严又生等.井间地震速度和Q值联合层析成像及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):9~17
[6]Yan Yousheng et al.Interpretation of lithology and connectivity with crosswell velocity tomography.Ex-panded Abstracts of64th EAGE,2002,146
[7]Yan Yousheng et al.VTI analysis on crosswell seis-mic data.First Break,2003,21(5):47~50
[8]Yan Yousheng et al.Application of crosswell seismic reflection i maging for interpretation of cnnectivity.Expanded Abstracts of68th EAGE,2006
[9]宋常瑜等.小波多尺度井间地震衰减层析成像.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):30~33
[10]许丽等.应用井间地震资料建立砂泥岩薄互层地质模型.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(1):58~61
[11]施振飞等.利用井间地震资料与测井资料进行储层精细解释.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):172~175
[12]唐金良等.井间地震资料解释方法技术及其应用.石油物探,2006,45(6)
[13]何惺华等.对井间地震反射波的分析.石油物探,2006,45(5)
[14]王秀玲等.胜利油田盐家地区井间地震资料应用研究.石油物探,2005,44(4)
[15]陈世军等.基于薄层模型的有限频率井间地震波层析成像.石油物探,2005,44(5)
[16]刘磊等.井间地震技术在胜利油田开发阶段中的应用.石油物探,2005,44(6)
[17]Jorge Parra et al.Analyses of porosity and permeabili-ty variations captured by cross-well seismic measure-ments and geophysical well logs at Port Mayaca aqui-fer.Expanded Abstracts of77th SEG Mtg,2007
[18]D’Agosto C et al.Enhancing crosswell acquisition ef-ficiency with combined up-going and down-goingi ma-ging.Expanded Abstracts of76th SEG Mtg,2006
[19]Joe Wong et al.Stewart.Crosswell seismic i maging of a tight-gas reservoir.Expanded Abstracts of77th SEG Mtg,2007
[20]Jerry M Harris et al.High-resolution crosswell i ma-ging of a west Texas carbonate reservoir,Part1:Pro-ject summary andinterpretation.Geophysics,1995,60(3):667~681
[21]朱光明.垂直地震剖面法.北京:石油工业出版社,1988
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