四川汶川Ms8级地震重灾区地质灾害危险性评价和预测
|
摘要
在地质灾害调查和遥感解译资料的基础上,采用专家评判方法,利用GIS技术对重灾区14个县市的地质灾害进行快速定量的危险性评价,并在此基础上进行定性评价。强烈的地震诱发大量的次生地质灾害,主要为滑坡和崩塌,其次为地裂缝、泥石流和地面塌陷,局部有沙土液化,主要分布在龙门山断裂带附近及山区。总结了14个县市重灾区内地质灾害的分布特征,分析了地质灾害的形成条件,建立了地质灾害评价指标体系,确定了地质灾害危险性判别标准,进行了地质灾害危险区划。共划分为高危险区、中危险区、低危险区3个等级,在此基础上又划分了若干个亚区。对地质灾害的可能发生区带进行了分析预测,针对高危险区提出了相应的防治对策。
Based on investigation of geo-hazard and remote image interpretation of 14 counties within severely damaged region by Wenchuan Ms 8 earthquake,speedy quantitative assessment of hazards fatalness was carried out using GIS technology by means of expert experience method. Qualitative assessment is therefore conducted on this basis. This strong earthquake has induced many geohazard,mainly landslide and collapse,secondly debris-flow,geo-fracture and surface collapse,and locally sandy soil liquidation. These hazards mostly distribute around Longmenshan fault zone and its vicinities. This article has summed up the distribution characters,analyzed the forming conditions of geo-hazard in research region. It has also set up the assessment system,and has accomplished the fatalness zoning. The research region is thus divided into high dangerous region,medium dangerous region,and low dangerous region,then some regions are sub-divided into few sub-regions. Moreover,this paper has provided some disaster prevention and mitigation measures for highly dangerous geo-hazard region.
Based on investigation of geo-hazard and remote image interpretation of 14 counties within severely damaged region by Wenchuan Ms 8 earthquake,speedy quantitative assessment of hazards fatalness was carried out using GIS technology by means of expert experience method. Qualitative assessment is therefore conducted on this basis. This strong earthquake has induced many geohazard,mainly landslide and collapse,secondly debris-flow,geo-fracture and surface collapse,and locally sandy soil liquidation. These hazards mostly distribute around Longmenshan fault zone and its vicinities. This article has summed up the distribution characters,analyzed the forming conditions of geo-hazard in research region. It has also set up the assessment system,and has accomplished the fatalness zoning. The research region is thus divided into high dangerous region,medium dangerous region,and low dangerous region,then some regions are sub-divided into few sub-regions. Moreover,this paper has provided some disaster prevention and mitigation measures for highly dangerous geo-hazard region.
引文
[1]张春山,韩金良,孙炜锋,等.陕西陇县地质灾害危险性分区评价[J].地质通报,2008,27(11):1795-1801.
[2]刘希林.四川省泥石流风险评价[J].灾害学,2000,15(3):7-11.
[3]张春山,张业成,马寅生,等.区域地质灾害风险评价要素权值计算方法及应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(6):84-88.
[4]张春山,吴满路,张业成.地质灾害风险评价方法及展望[J].自然灾害学报,2003,12(1):96-102.
[5]张春山,张业成,张立海.中国崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害危险性评价[J].地质力学学报,2004,10(1):27-32.
[6]魏平新,汤连生,张建国,等.基于GIS的广东省滑坡灾害区划研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2005,32(4):6-9.
[7]张春山.北京北山地区泥石流灾害危险性评价[J].北京地质,1996,8(2):11-20.
[8]张梁,张业成,罗元华,等.地质灾害灾情评估理论与实践[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.
[9]张春山,张业成,胡景江,等.中国地质灾害时空分布特征与形成条件[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(6):559-566.
[10]Fell R,Ho K K S,Lacasse S,et al.A framework for landslide risk assessment and management[C]//Fell,Couture,Eberhardt.Landslide Risk Management.Hungr,Taylor&Francis Group,London,2005,ISBN041538043X.
[11]Bell F G.Gelogical Hazards:Their Assessment,Avoidance and Mit-igation[M].Published by E&FN Spoon,London,1999:648.
[12]Azm S Al-homoud,Gutaiba A Al-masri.An expert system for analysis and design of cut slopes and embankments[J].Environmental&Engineering Geoscience,1999,5(2):157-172.
[13]Van Westen C J,Van Asch T W J,Soeters R.Landslide hazard and risk zonation—why is it still so difficult?[J].Original Paper,Bulletin of Engineering Geology and Environment,2005,64:5-23.
[14]Nichl J E,Shaker A,Wong M S.Application of high-resolution stereo satellite images to detailed landslide hazard assessment[J].Ge-ographology,2006,76(1/2):68-75.
[15]Wu Shuren,Jin Yimin,Zhang Yongshuang,et al.Investigation and assessment of landslide hazards of Fengdu County in the reservoir region of Three Gorges Project on the Yangtize River[J].Environ mental Geology,2004,45:560-566.
[16]张永波,张礼中,周小元,等.地质灾害信息系统的设计与开发[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.
[17]殷跃平,康宏达,陈波.三峡工程移民区滑坡防治与利用技术研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2000,11(2):135-140.
[18]殷跃平,柳源.中国地质灾害防治研究——对国际减灾十年活动(1990—2000)的思索[J].工程地质学报,2000,(增刊):1-10.
[19]张梁,张业成,高兴和,等.地质灾害经济学[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,2002.
[20]国家地震局.中国地震烈度区划图(1/400万)[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.
[2]刘希林.四川省泥石流风险评价[J].灾害学,2000,15(3):7-11.
[3]张春山,张业成,马寅生,等.区域地质灾害风险评价要素权值计算方法及应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(6):84-88.
[4]张春山,吴满路,张业成.地质灾害风险评价方法及展望[J].自然灾害学报,2003,12(1):96-102.
[5]张春山,张业成,张立海.中国崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害危险性评价[J].地质力学学报,2004,10(1):27-32.
[6]魏平新,汤连生,张建国,等.基于GIS的广东省滑坡灾害区划研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2005,32(4):6-9.
[7]张春山.北京北山地区泥石流灾害危险性评价[J].北京地质,1996,8(2):11-20.
[8]张梁,张业成,罗元华,等.地质灾害灾情评估理论与实践[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.
[9]张春山,张业成,胡景江,等.中国地质灾害时空分布特征与形成条件[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(6):559-566.
[10]Fell R,Ho K K S,Lacasse S,et al.A framework for landslide risk assessment and management[C]//Fell,Couture,Eberhardt.Landslide Risk Management.Hungr,Taylor&Francis Group,London,2005,ISBN041538043X.
[11]Bell F G.Gelogical Hazards:Their Assessment,Avoidance and Mit-igation[M].Published by E&FN Spoon,London,1999:648.
[12]Azm S Al-homoud,Gutaiba A Al-masri.An expert system for analysis and design of cut slopes and embankments[J].Environmental&Engineering Geoscience,1999,5(2):157-172.
[13]Van Westen C J,Van Asch T W J,Soeters R.Landslide hazard and risk zonation—why is it still so difficult?[J].Original Paper,Bulletin of Engineering Geology and Environment,2005,64:5-23.
[14]Nichl J E,Shaker A,Wong M S.Application of high-resolution stereo satellite images to detailed landslide hazard assessment[J].Ge-ographology,2006,76(1/2):68-75.
[15]Wu Shuren,Jin Yimin,Zhang Yongshuang,et al.Investigation and assessment of landslide hazards of Fengdu County in the reservoir region of Three Gorges Project on the Yangtize River[J].Environ mental Geology,2004,45:560-566.
[16]张永波,张礼中,周小元,等.地质灾害信息系统的设计与开发[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.
[17]殷跃平,康宏达,陈波.三峡工程移民区滑坡防治与利用技术研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2000,11(2):135-140.
[18]殷跃平,柳源.中国地质灾害防治研究——对国际减灾十年活动(1990—2000)的思索[J].工程地质学报,2000,(增刊):1-10.
[19]张梁,张业成,高兴和,等.地质灾害经济学[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,2002.
[20]国家地震局.中国地震烈度区划图(1/400万)[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心