地震岩石物理模型综述
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摘要
由于石油勘探与开发技术的发展,最近十多年岩石物理学已经成为一门非常有实用价值的学科,它有机地把岩石的物理特性和地震特性联系起来.理论模型是进行岩石物理学研究的主要方法之一.本文归纳总结了基于岩石弹性性质的各种模型,主要包括层状模型、球形孔隙模型、包含体模型和接触模型,以及它们的假设条件、适用范围、局限性和近些年来国内外的应用现状,最后预测了地震岩石物理研究的发展趋势.
In the past ten years,as a result of the great progress in oil exploration and development technologies,the rock physics become a very useful discipline and it establishes the relationship between physical properties of rocks and seismic properties.The theoretical model is one of the primary methods to study rock physics.This paper summarizes and discusses some frequently used models of elastic properties of media that are applicable to rocks including the sheet model,spherical pore model,inclusion models and contact models,as well as their assumptions,range of applicability and limitations.It also describes the application of the models at home and abroad in recent years.At last,the development tendency on research of seismic rock physics is forecasted.
In the past ten years,as a result of the great progress in oil exploration and development technologies,the rock physics become a very useful discipline and it establishes the relationship between physical properties of rocks and seismic properties.The theoretical model is one of the primary methods to study rock physics.This paper summarizes and discusses some frequently used models of elastic properties of media that are applicable to rocks including the sheet model,spherical pore model,inclusion models and contact models,as well as their assumptions,range of applicability and limitations.It also describes the application of the models at home and abroad in recent years.At last,the development tendency on research of seismic rock physics is forecasted.
引文
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[3] Wang Z.Fundamentals of seismic rock physics [J].Geophysics,2001,66(2) :398～412．
[4] 武文来,印兴耀.岩石物理参数与地球物理特征关系研究[J].石油物探,2008． 47(3) :235～243． Wu W I,Yin X Y.Study of relationship between petrophysical parameters and geophysical characteristics [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3) :235～ 243．
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[7] Hill R.The elastic behavior of crystalline aggregate[J].Proc.Phys.Soc.Londonser.A.,1952,65:349～354．
[8] Kumazawa M.The elastic constants of singlecrystal orthopyroxene[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1969,74:5973～5980．
[9] Wood A W.A textbook of sound[M].New York:The MacMillan Co,1955,360．
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[11] Wyllie M R J,Gregory A R,Gardner G H F.An experimental investigation of factors affecting elastic wave velocities in porous media [J].Geophysics,1958,23 (3) : 459～493．
[12] Wyllie M R J,Gardner G H F,Gregory A R.Studies of elastic wave attenuation in porous media [J].Geophysics,1962,27(5) :569～589．
[13] 李雄炎,李洪奇,谭锋奇,等.天然气有效储层的测井勘探技术 [J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2) :609～61 9． Li X Y,Li H Q,Tan F Q,et al.Technology of effective natural gas reservoir exploration based on well-logging data [J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(2) :609～619．
[14] 雍世和,张超谟.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].中国石油大学出版社,2007． Yong S H,Zhang C M.Logging data processing and comprehensive interpretation [M].China University of Petroleum Press,2007．
[15] Angeleri G P,Carpi R.Porosity predication from seismic data [J].Geophysical Prospecting,1982,30(5) :580～607．
[16] 刘震,张厚福,张万选.扩展时间平均方程在碎屑岩储层孔隙度预测中的应用[J].石油学报,1991,12(4) :21～26． Liu Z,Zhang H F,Zhang W X.Application of extended time average equation in the prediction of porosities of clastic reservoir rocks[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1991,12 (4) :21 ～ 26．
[17] Mostafa H K,Walid M M,Abdelrahim I.Porosity estimation using a combination of Wyllie-Clemenceau equations in clean sand formation from acoustic logs[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2002,33 :241～25．
[18] Hashin Z,Shtrikman S.A variational approach to the theory of the elastic behavior of multiphase materials[J].Journal of Mechanics and Physics Solids,1963,2 :127 ～ 140．
[19] Berryman J G.Mixture theories for rock properties//Ahrens T J.A Handbook of Physical Constants [J].American Geophysical Union,Washington,D C ,1995,205～228．
[20] 孙晟,牛滨华,李佳.Hashin Shtrikman弹性模量边界的转换[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(2) :45～50． Sun S,Niu B H,Li J.Conversion of Hashin-Shtrikman elastic modulus bounds[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2007,31(2) :45～50．
[21] Gassmann F.Elastic waves through a packing of spheres[J]. Geophysics,1951,16(4) :673～685．
[22] Mavko G,Jizba D.Estimating grain-scale fluid effects on velocity dispersion in rocks [J].Geophysics,1991,56 ( 12 ) : 1940～1949．
[23] Marion D,Nur A,Yin H,Han D.Compressional velocity and porosity in sand clay mixtures[J].Geophysics,1992,57(4) : 554～563．
[24] .Murphy W,Reischer A,Hsu K.Modulus decomposition of compressional and shear velocities in sand bodies[J]. Geophysics,1993,58 (2) :227～239．
[25] 陈信平,刘素红.浅谈Gassmann方程[J].中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(2) :122～127． Chen X P,Liu S H.An preliminary introduction to Gassmann equation[J].China Offshore oil and Gas(Geology),1996,10 (2) :122～127．
[26] Blangy J P,Strandenes S,Moor D,Nur A.Ultrasonic velocities in sands-revisited [J].Geophysics,1993,58 ( 2 ) :227～239．
[27] Berryman J G,Milton G W.Exact results for generalized Gassmann' s equation in composite porous media with two constituent[J].Geophysics,1991,56(12) :1950～1960．
[28] Greenberg M L,Castagna J P.Shear wave velocity estimation in porous rocks:Theoretical formulation,preliminary verification and applications [J].Geophysical Prospecting,1992,40:195～209．
[29] 云美厚,管志宁.储层条件下砂岩纵波和横波速度的理论计算[J].石油物探,2002,41(3) :289～292,298． Yun M H,Guan Z N.The estimation of P and S wave velocities in sandstone under in-situ conditions [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41 (3) :289～292,298．
[30] 王玉梅,苗永康,孟宪军,等.岩石物理横波速度曲线计算技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(4) :58～61． Wang Y M,Miao Y K,Meng X J,et al.The calculation technology of petrophysical Swave velocity curves [J].Petroleum geology and recovery efficiency,2006,13 (4) :58～61．
[31] 黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6) :1791～1795． Huang W C,Yang C C,Fan T Y,et al.The application of petrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(6) :1791～1795．
[32] 李凌高,王兆宏,甘利灯,等.基于叠前地震反演参数的流体饱和度定量预测方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(2) :121～124． Li L G,Wang Z H,Gan L D,et al.Quantitative prediction method for fluid saturation based on pre-stack seismic inversion parameters [J].Geophysical prospecting for petroleum,2009,48(2) :121～124．
[33] 林凯,贺振华,熊晓军,等.基于Gassmann方程的鲕滩储层流体替换模拟技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2009,48(5) :493～498． Lin K,He Z H,Xiong X J,et al.Fluid substitution simulation technology based on Gassmann 's equation for oolitic shoal reservoir and its application[J].Geophysical prospecting for petroleum,2009,48(5) :493～498．
[34] Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid saturated porous solid.I.Low frequency range[J].Acoust.Soc.Am.,1956a,28:168～178．
[35] Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid saturated porous solid.II.Higher frequency range [J].Acoust.Soc.Am.,1956b,28:179～191．
[36] Biot M A.Generalized theory of acoustic propagation in porous dissipative media[J].Acoust.Soc.Am.,1962,34:1254～1264．
[37] 赵群,郭建,郝守玲,等.模拟天然气水合物的岩石物理特性模型实验[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3) :649～655． Zhao Q,Guo J,Hao S L,et al.Experiments of physical modeling for petrophysical properties of natural gas hydrate[J].ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3) :649～655．
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