子空间法单输入多输出系统混合相位地震子波提取
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摘要
针对高阶统计量混合相位地震子波提取方法要求地层反射系数是非高斯白噪声,并且子波提取速度较慢的缺陷,提出子空间法单输入多输出系统(SIMO)混合相位地震子波提取方法,即基于信号和噪声子空间正交的原理,建立二次型的目标函数,通过对目标函数进行优化就可以提取出混合相位的地震子波,它不需要对地层反射系数做任何假设,因此完全不同于高阶统计量地震子波提取。模型试验和实际应用结果表明,子空间法SIMO系统混合相位子波提取速度快且准确度高,非常适合于无井和井资料不可靠地区的地震子波提取,具有广阔的应用前景。
The method of high-order statistics seismic wavelet extraction requires reflection coefficient to be non-gauss white noise and its extraction speed is slow. In order to overcome the shortcomings,a novel mixed-phase seismic wavelet extraction method for single input multiple output(SIMO)system by subspace method was presented. Quadratic objective function was built based on the orthogonality between a signal and a noise subspaces,and the seismic wavelets were extracted by optimizing the objective function. The reflection coefficient need not be made any assumption. So this method is totally different from high-order statistics wavelet extraction. The results of numerical simulation and application show that this method is characterized by high accuracy and good stability,and it is very suitable for the areas without well materials or reliable well materials. This method has wide application perspects.
The method of high-order statistics seismic wavelet extraction requires reflection coefficient to be non-gauss white noise and its extraction speed is slow. In order to overcome the shortcomings,a novel mixed-phase seismic wavelet extraction method for single input multiple output(SIMO)system by subspace method was presented. Quadratic objective function was built based on the orthogonality between a signal and a noise subspaces,and the seismic wavelets were extracted by optimizing the objective function. The reflection coefficient need not be made any assumption. So this method is totally different from high-order statistics wavelet extraction. The results of numerical simulation and application show that this method is characterized by high accuracy and good stability,and it is very suitable for the areas without well materials or reliable well materials. This method has wide application perspects.
引文
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[2]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2004:8.
[3]梁光河.地震子波提取方法研究[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):31-39.LIANG Guang-he.On the method of seismic wavelet ex-traction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1998,37(1):31-39.
[4]BULAND A,MORE H.Bayesian wavelet estimation from seismic and well data[J].Geophysics,2003,68(6):2000-2009.
[5]张广智,刘洪,印兴耀.地震子波外推方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(1):25-29.ZHANG Guang-zhi,LIU Hong,YIN Xing-yao.Study on seismic wavelet extrapolation method[J].Journal of Chi-na University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(1):25-29.
[6]戴永寿,魏磊,霍志勇.基于高阶累积量的线性化子波提取方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(4):24-29.DAI Yong-shou,WEI Lei,HUO Zhi-yong.Research on wavelet extraction via linear equation approach based on higher-order cumulant[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2006,30(4):24-29.
[7]ULRYCHTJ,VELIS D R,SACCHI MD.Wavelet esti-mation revisited[J].The Leading Edge,1995,11:1139-1143.
[8]LAZEAR G D.Mixed phase wavelet estimation using fourth order cumulants[J].Geophysics,1993,58(7):1042-1051.
[9]VELIS D R,ULRYCH T J.Simulated annealing wavelet estimation via fourth order cumulant matching[J].Geo-physics,1996,61(6):1939-1948.
[10]SACCHI M D,ULRYCH T J.Nonminimum-phase wavelet estimation using higher order statistics[J].The Leading Edge,2000(1):80-83.
[11]MATSUOKA T,ULRYCH T J.Phase estimation using the bispetrum[J].Proceedings of The IEEE,1984,72(10):1403-1411.
[12]PORSANI M J,URSIN B.Mixed-phase deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):637-647.
[13]MOULINES E,DUHAMEL P,CARDOSO J.Subspace methods for the blind identification of multichannel FIR filters[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,1995,43(2):516-525.
[14]ABED-MERAIM K,QIU W,HUA Y.Blind system i-dentification[J].Proceedings of IEEE,1997,85(8):1310-1322.
[15]TONG L,XUG,KAILATHT.Anewapproach to blind identification and equalization of multipath channels[C/OL]//Proceeding of the25th Asilomar Conference,Pa-cific Grove,CA,USA,Nov4-6,1991.http://ieeex-plore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=186568
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