碳酸盐岩溶洞模型地震成像分辨率研究
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摘要
碳酸盐岩缝洞储层具有埋藏深、非均质性强等特点,地震成像精度较低。为了研究碳酸盐岩缝洞储层地震成像分辨率的影响因素,设计了两个溶洞数学模型。采用不同的空间采样间隔和子波主频进行了数值模拟,利用iCluster软件对不同的地震数据进行了叠前深度偏移成像处理。基于成像结果,分析了与溶洞成像纵、横向分辨率有关的影响因素。分析结果表明,溶洞成像纵向分辨率与激发主频关系密切,与空间采样间隔无关;溶洞成像横向分辨率与空间采样间隔和激发主频有关。小的空间采样间隔有利于提高溶洞的成像精度,但减小空间采样间隔并不能无限提高溶洞成像的横向分辨率。
Carbonate fracture-cave reservoirs are characterized by deep burial depth and strong heterogeneity,which results in poor imaging resolution.In order to investigate the factors which influence the seismic imaging resolution of carbonate cave reservoirs,two numerical cave model were designed to simulate seismic records by using different sampling intervals and dominant frequency of wavelets. Then pre-stack depth migration was carried out on these seismic records by using the iCluster software.Based on the imaging results,we analyzed the impact factors related to vertical and lateral resolution of imaging.The results demonstrate that vertical resolution of cave model is closely related to dominant frequency and independent from spatial sampling interval,moreover lateral resolution relies on spatial sampling interval and dominant frequency of wavelet.Small spatial sampling interval is beneficial to improve the imaging accuracy.However,reducing the interval can't increase the lateral resolution infinitely.
Carbonate fracture-cave reservoirs are characterized by deep burial depth and strong heterogeneity,which results in poor imaging resolution.In order to investigate the factors which influence the seismic imaging resolution of carbonate cave reservoirs,two numerical cave model were designed to simulate seismic records by using different sampling intervals and dominant frequency of wavelets. Then pre-stack depth migration was carried out on these seismic records by using the iCluster software.Based on the imaging results,we analyzed the impact factors related to vertical and lateral resolution of imaging.The results demonstrate that vertical resolution of cave model is closely related to dominant frequency and independent from spatial sampling interval,moreover lateral resolution relies on spatial sampling interval and dominant frequency of wavelet.Small spatial sampling interval is beneficial to improve the imaging accuracy.However,reducing the interval can't increase the lateral resolution infinitely.
引文
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[3]刘振武,撒利明,张研,等.中国天然气勘探开发现状及物探技术需求[J].天然气工业,2009,29(1):1-7
[4]杜正聪,贺振华,黄德济,等.缝洞模型波动方程正演与偏移[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003, 30(4):386-390
[5]李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲,等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模型研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5): 428-431
[6]季敏,魏建新,王尚旭.孔洞物理模型数据的地震响应特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2): 196-200
[7]董良国,黄超,刘玉柱,等.溶洞地震反射波特征数值模拟研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):121-124
[8]李佩,朱生旺,曲寿利,等.垂直裂隙P波响应特征分析[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):125-132
[9]胡中平.溶洞地震波“串珠状”形成机理及识别方法[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(4):423-426
[10]王者顺,樊佳芳,高鸿,等.塔河油田叠后地震资料高保真处理技术[J].物探与化探,2004,28(5): 436-438
[11]王小卫,吕磊,刘伟方,等.塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩地震资料处理的几项关键技术[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20 (4):109-112
[12]胡鹏飞.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体成像技术研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):152-157
[13]朱生旺,曲寿利,魏修成,等.通过压制共散射点道集映射改善绕射波成像分辨率[J].石油物探,2010,49 (2):107-114
[14]张立彬,王华忠.稳定的反Q偏移方法研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):115-120
[15]狄帮让,熊金良,岳英,等.面元大小对地震成像分辨率的影响分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4): 363-368
[16]熊金良,岳英,杨勇,等.面元大小与纵向分辨率关系[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):489-491
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