地震属性法在南黄海北部盆地勘探新区烃源岩厚度预测中的应用
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摘要
新区、深层和深水等低勘探程度地区是今后油气勘探的重要方向,而烃源岩厚度预测则是沉积盆地勘探新区烃源岩评价的重要问题。以南黄海北部盆地勘探新区东北凹陷的烃源岩早期评价为背景,基于地震反射特征追踪东北凹陷内烃源岩的发育层位和空间展布研究成果,首次应用地震属性方法对东北凹陷的主力烃源岩(上白垩统泰州组和古新统阜宁组)厚度进行了初步预测,并结合地震速度岩性分析法对本区泰州组烃源岩厚度的预测结果加以验证。结果表明南黄海盆地东北凹陷泰州组烃源岩较阜宁组烃源岩分布广且厚度大,西次洼为东北凹陷主力生烃洼陷。地震属性法是沉积盆地勘探新区内定量化预测烃源岩厚度的一种行之有效的新方法,其对于类似盆地勘探早期的烃源岩评价研究也具有非常重要的借鉴意义。
New exploration areas,deep formation and deep water,which belong to the low exploration activity fields,are important for petroleum exploration.Prediction for the thickness of source rocks is critical to the source rock evaluation in new exploration areas in sedimentary basins.In the research context of preliminary evaluation on source rock of the northeast sag,which is the new exploration area in South Yellow Sea basin at present,this paper tries to trace the main formation and dimensional distribution of major source rocks in northeast sag based on the seismic reflection characteristics.The method of seismic attribution is applied for the first time to the prediction of the thickness of major source rocks(upper Cretaceous Taizhou formation and Palaeocene Funing formation) in northeast sag,which is tested by the method of seismic velocity-lithology prediction to estimate the thickness of Taizhou formation source rock.We suggest that Taizhou formation source rock is widespread with larger thickness in northeast sag than Funing formation,and the west sub-sag in northeast sag is the optimum hydrocarbon-generating sag.The method of seismic attribution has been proved to be a feasible and effective way for quantitative prediction on the thickness of source rocks in new exploration areas,and it also can be introduced to areas with similar petroleum exploration conditions.
New exploration areas,deep formation and deep water,which belong to the low exploration activity fields,are important for petroleum exploration.Prediction for the thickness of source rocks is critical to the source rock evaluation in new exploration areas in sedimentary basins.In the research context of preliminary evaluation on source rock of the northeast sag,which is the new exploration area in South Yellow Sea basin at present,this paper tries to trace the main formation and dimensional distribution of major source rocks in northeast sag based on the seismic reflection characteristics.The method of seismic attribution is applied for the first time to the prediction of the thickness of major source rocks(upper Cretaceous Taizhou formation and Palaeocene Funing formation) in northeast sag,which is tested by the method of seismic velocity-lithology prediction to estimate the thickness of Taizhou formation source rock.We suggest that Taizhou formation source rock is widespread with larger thickness in northeast sag than Funing formation,and the west sub-sag in northeast sag is the optimum hydrocarbon-generating sag.The method of seismic attribution has been proved to be a feasible and effective way for quantitative prediction on the thickness of source rocks in new exploration areas,and it also can be introduced to areas with similar petroleum exploration conditions.
引文
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[2]张寒,朱光有.利用地震和测井信息预测和评价烃源岩——以渤海湾盆地富油凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):55-59.[ZHANG Han,ZHU Guang-you.Using seismic and log information to predict and evaluate hydrocarbon source rocks:An example fromrich oil depressionsin Bohai Bay[J].Petrole-um Exploration and Development,2007,34(1):55-59.]
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[5]刘震,常迈,赵阳,等.低勘探程度盆地烃源岩早期预测方法研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):159-167.[LI U Zhen,CHANG Mai,ZHAO Yang,et al.Method of early prediction on source rocks in basins with low exploration activity[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):159-167.]
[6]金博,刘震,邬长武,等.地震速度岩性解释系统的应用——以准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡带为例[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):47-49.[JI N Bo,LI U Zhen,WU Chang-wu,et al.Predic-tion of seismic velocity or lithology in Fudong slope belt in eastern Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(1):47-49.]
[7]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(2):371-376.[LI U Zhen,GAO Xian-zhi,ZENG Hong-liu.Research on seismic velocity-lithology prediction model for Eocene of the Liaodong Bay[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1993,13(2):371-376.]
[8]刘彦君,国洪伟,马朋善,等.地震数据体的频率信息在岩性预测中的应用——以松辽盆地孤店地区泉四段为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):266-271.[LI U Yan-jun,GUO Hong-wei,MA Peng-shan,et al.Application of the frequency infor-mation of seismic data in predicting sandstone reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(2):266-271.]
[9]李在光,杨占龙,刘俊田,等.多属性综合方法预测含油气性及其效果[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):727-730.[LI Zai-guang,YANG Zhan-long,LI UJun-tian,et al.Hydrocarbon de-tection byintegrating multiple attributes[J].Natural Gas Geo-science,2006,17(5):727-730.]
[10]崔丽玲,齐龙瑜,刘松芬,等.运用多地震属性和神经网络预测岩性[J].南开大学学报自然科学版,2007,40(2):99-104.[CUI Li-ling,QI Long-yu,LI U Song-fen,et al.Litholoy pre-diction with multiple seismic attributes and neural network[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis,2007,40(2):99-104.]
[11]黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):739-742.[HUANG Yun-feng,YANG Zhan-long,GUO Jing-yi,et al.Seismic attribute analysis and application in subtle traps ex-ploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):739-742.]
[12]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9.[JI A Cheng-zao,ZHAO Wen-zhi,ZOU Cai-neng,et al.Two key technologies about exploration of stratigraphic/lithological reservoirs[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2004,31(3):3-9.]
[13]曹强,叶加仁.南黄海北部盆地东北凹陷烃源岩的早期预测[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(4):75-79.[CAO Qiang,YEJia-ren.The prediction of source rock of northeast sag in north depression in South Yellow Sea basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2008,27(4):75-79.]
[14]陈颐亨.浅析南黄海的找油气前景[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1984,4(2):49-55.[CHEN Yi-heng.A preli minary analy-sis of hydrocarbon potential of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1984,4(2):49-55.]
[15]蔡乾忠.黄海含油气盆地区域地质与大地构造环境[J].海洋地质动态,2002,18(11):8-12.[CAI Qian-zhong.Regional ge-ology and geotectonic environment of petroliferous basins in the Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2002,18(11):8-12.]
[16]王胜利,卢华复,李刚,等.南黄海盆地北部凹陷古近纪伸展断层转折褶皱作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):495-503.[WANG Sheng-li,LU Hua-fu,LI Gang,et al.Pa-leogene extensional fault-bend folding in north depression of southern Yellow Sea basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(4):495-503.]
[2]张寒,朱光有.利用地震和测井信息预测和评价烃源岩——以渤海湾盆地富油凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):55-59.[ZHANG Han,ZHU Guang-you.Using seismic and log information to predict and evaluate hydrocarbon source rocks:An example fromrich oil depressionsin Bohai Bay[J].Petrole-um Exploration and Development,2007,34(1):55-59.]
[3]徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990:118-122.[XU Huai-da,WANG Shi-feng,CHEN Kai-yuan.Elementary Seismic Stratigraphy Inter-pretation[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1990:118-122.]
[4]张二华,范土芝,马立祥.地震层速度在盆地分析中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(1):101-108.[ZHANG Er-hua,FAN Tu-zhi,MA Li-xiang.Application of seismic interval velocity in basin analysis[J].Geological Science and Technology Infor-mation,2000,19(1):101-108.]
[5]刘震,常迈,赵阳,等.低勘探程度盆地烃源岩早期预测方法研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):159-167.[LI U Zhen,CHANG Mai,ZHAO Yang,et al.Method of early prediction on source rocks in basins with low exploration activity[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):159-167.]
[6]金博,刘震,邬长武,等.地震速度岩性解释系统的应用——以准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡带为例[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):47-49.[JI N Bo,LI U Zhen,WU Chang-wu,et al.Predic-tion of seismic velocity or lithology in Fudong slope belt in eastern Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(1):47-49.]
[7]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(2):371-376.[LI U Zhen,GAO Xian-zhi,ZENG Hong-liu.Research on seismic velocity-lithology prediction model for Eocene of the Liaodong Bay[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1993,13(2):371-376.]
[8]刘彦君,国洪伟,马朋善,等.地震数据体的频率信息在岩性预测中的应用——以松辽盆地孤店地区泉四段为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):266-271.[LI U Yan-jun,GUO Hong-wei,MA Peng-shan,et al.Application of the frequency infor-mation of seismic data in predicting sandstone reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(2):266-271.]
[9]李在光,杨占龙,刘俊田,等.多属性综合方法预测含油气性及其效果[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):727-730.[LI Zai-guang,YANG Zhan-long,LI UJun-tian,et al.Hydrocarbon de-tection byintegrating multiple attributes[J].Natural Gas Geo-science,2006,17(5):727-730.]
[10]崔丽玲,齐龙瑜,刘松芬,等.运用多地震属性和神经网络预测岩性[J].南开大学学报自然科学版,2007,40(2):99-104.[CUI Li-ling,QI Long-yu,LI U Song-fen,et al.Litholoy pre-diction with multiple seismic attributes and neural network[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis,2007,40(2):99-104.]
[11]黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):739-742.[HUANG Yun-feng,YANG Zhan-long,GUO Jing-yi,et al.Seismic attribute analysis and application in subtle traps ex-ploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):739-742.]
[12]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9.[JI A Cheng-zao,ZHAO Wen-zhi,ZOU Cai-neng,et al.Two key technologies about exploration of stratigraphic/lithological reservoirs[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2004,31(3):3-9.]
[13]曹强,叶加仁.南黄海北部盆地东北凹陷烃源岩的早期预测[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(4):75-79.[CAO Qiang,YEJia-ren.The prediction of source rock of northeast sag in north depression in South Yellow Sea basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2008,27(4):75-79.]
[14]陈颐亨.浅析南黄海的找油气前景[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1984,4(2):49-55.[CHEN Yi-heng.A preli minary analy-sis of hydrocarbon potential of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1984,4(2):49-55.]
[15]蔡乾忠.黄海含油气盆地区域地质与大地构造环境[J].海洋地质动态,2002,18(11):8-12.[CAI Qian-zhong.Regional ge-ology and geotectonic environment of petroliferous basins in the Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2002,18(11):8-12.]
[16]王胜利,卢华复,李刚,等.南黄海盆地北部凹陷古近纪伸展断层转折褶皱作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):495-503.[WANG Sheng-li,LU Hua-fu,LI Gang,et al.Pa-leogene extensional fault-bend folding in north depression of southern Yellow Sea basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(4):495-503.]
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