基于公里网格数据的地震救援区域划分方法
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摘要
地震救援区域的划分是搜救工作的基础,且不同的救援区域面临的救援难度也不一样。房屋倒损是造成人员伤亡的主要因素,同时也是衡量救援难度的主要指标。除此以外救援队还受灾区的自然地理条件、交通状况等因素的影响。以公里网格的房屋倒损程度作为救援区域划分的主要指标,在此基础上,结合地形地貌、气候等自然地理因素,实现对地震灾区救援区域的分级划分。通过对救援区域的划分,同一分区内的救援工作难度相似,对救援能力、搜救设备类型、救援物资的需求都较为一致。不仅对压埋人员分布及救援难度一目了然,而且也为救援力量、物资的合理调度分配、指挥决策提供科学依据。最后,以2010年玉树7.1级地震为例,实现玉树灾区救援区域的划分。
The difficulty of rescue tasks varies from region to region.Although the rescue team is affected by the natural,geographical conditions,traffic conditions and other factors,collapsed houses are a main indicator to measure the difficulty of rescue tasks.In this paper,the disaster grid within the various types of housing damage and casualties' distribution was estimated according to the grid population and housing data as well as evaluate vulnerability,which was a main indicator of the division rescue region of earthquake.Based on it,the earthquake rescue regional classification was divided with the local topography,climate and other natural geographical factors,by which girds of each rescue regional classification have same difficult and the requirement of rescue ability,rescue equipment types,relief supplies are relatively consistent.Through the classification of earthquake rescue region,distribution of casualties and rescue difficulty was confirmed and scientific evidence for the allocation of relief supplies,equipments and rescue workers was provided.At Last,the earthquake of Yushu in 2010 is analyzed by the mentioned method.
The difficulty of rescue tasks varies from region to region.Although the rescue team is affected by the natural,geographical conditions,traffic conditions and other factors,collapsed houses are a main indicator to measure the difficulty of rescue tasks.In this paper,the disaster grid within the various types of housing damage and casualties' distribution was estimated according to the grid population and housing data as well as evaluate vulnerability,which was a main indicator of the division rescue region of earthquake.Based on it,the earthquake rescue regional classification was divided with the local topography,climate and other natural geographical factors,by which girds of each rescue regional classification have same difficult and the requirement of rescue ability,rescue equipment types,relief supplies are relatively consistent.Through the classification of earthquake rescue region,distribution of casualties and rescue difficulty was confirmed and scientific evidence for the allocation of relief supplies,equipments and rescue workers was provided.At Last,the earthquake of Yushu in 2010 is analyzed by the mentioned method.
引文
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[2]Vafaeinezhad A R,Alesheikh A,Nouri.Developing a spatio-temporal model of risk management for earthquake life detection rescue team[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2010,7(2):243-250.
[3]Ali Reza Vafaeinezhad,Ali Asghar Alesheikh,Majid Hamrah,et al.Using GIS to develop an effcient Spatio-temporal task allocation algorithm to human groups in an entirely dynamic environment case study:earthquake pescue teams[J].Computational Science and Its Applications-ICCSA 2009,2009,5592:66-78.
[4]Elena Moltchanova,Nikolay Khabarov,Michael Obersteiner,et al.The value of rapid damage assessment for efficient earthquake response[J].Safety Science,2011,49:1164-1171.
[5]Erdik M,S-es-etyan K,Demircioglu M B,et al.Rapid earthquake loss assessment after damaging earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2011,31:247-266.
[6]尹之潜.结构易损性分类和未来地震灾害估计[J].中国地震,1996,12(1),49-55.
[7]吴立新,李志锋,王植,等.地震灾情快速评估方法和应用:以玉树地震为例[J].科技导报,2010,28(24):38-43.
[8]马玉宏,谢礼立.地震人员伤亡估算方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):140-147.
[9]郭红梅,黄丁发,陈维锋,等.城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统的设计与开发[J].地震研究,2008,31(1):83-88.
[10]周成虎,程维明,钱金凯,等.中国陆地1∶100万数字地貌分类体系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):707-722.
[11]Wu Tianyi,Li Suzhi,Hou Shike,et al.A successful mountain rescue operation in Yushu Earthquake[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,01:2-7.
[12]邓砚,苏桂武,聂高众.中国地震应急地区系数的初步研究[J].灾害学,2008,23(1):140-144.
[13]韩炜,陈维锋,顾建华,等.地震救援行动的影响因素分析[J].灾害学,2012,27(2):130-132.
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