汶川地震主震断层构造应力场数值分析
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摘要
以连续介质力学为基础,以地块动力学为指南,对2008年5月12日汶川Ms8.0地震的主震断层的构造应力场进行了定量分析.讨论了地块-地块、地块-断层和断层-断层间的相互作用.计算结果表明,应变能随断层破裂传播发生了迁移,在特定的边界条件下,能量场随断层的扩展而向边界迁移.从位移场、应力场和能量场的分布,对地震断层破裂的机制作了初步探讨.计算结果表明,汶川地震引发了川滇地区的地应力调整活动,该地震后在汶川-茂县断裂层上仍是应变能的集中分布区域,应该有能量释放.
Based on the theories of continuum mechanics and block dynamics,the present study primarily analyzed the tectonic stress field of the main shock faults in the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake happened on May 12,2008.It discussed the interactions between block-block,block-fault,and fault-fault.The results showed that the strain energy migrates along with the fault propagation.The displacement filed,stress field and the distribution of total strain energy,and the mechanism of the process of the earthquake is explored quantitatively.The results also showed that the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake changed the tectonic stress field.There is energy concentrated area along the Wenchuan-Maoxian fault after the earthquake,so there should have energy release.
Based on the theories of continuum mechanics and block dynamics,the present study primarily analyzed the tectonic stress field of the main shock faults in the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake happened on May 12,2008.It discussed the interactions between block-block,block-fault,and fault-fault.The results showed that the strain energy migrates along with the fault propagation.The displacement filed,stress field and the distribution of total strain energy,and the mechanism of the process of the earthquake is explored quantitatively.The results also showed that the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake changed the tectonic stress field.There is energy concentrated area along the Wenchuan-Maoxian fault after the earthquake,so there should have energy release.
引文
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[10]Shen Zhengkang,Sun Jianbao,Zhang Peizhen,et al.Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriersduring the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Nature Ge-oscience,2009,12:718-724.
[2]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1186-1194.Zhang Yong,Feng Wanpeng,Xu Lisheng,et al.Thetempo-spatial rupture process of large earthquake inWenchuan 2008[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2008,38(10):1186-1194.(in Chinese)
[3]张文佑.断块构造导论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1984.Zhang Wenyou.Fault block construction guide[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1984.(in Chinese)
[4]马瑾.从断层中心论到块体中心论的转变[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):363-370.Ma Jin.Changing viewpoint from fault to block—a discus-sion about the role of active block in seismicity[J].EarthScience Frontiers,1999,6(4):363-370.(in Chinese)
[5]范天佑.剪切断层不稳定性的数学模拟[J].中国科学E辑:技术科学,1996,26(3):82-90.Fan Tianyou.Mathematics modeling of the instability ofshear faults[J].Science China:Technological Sciences,1996,26(3):82-90.(in Chinese)
[6]邓起东,陈社发,赵小麟.龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学[J].地震地质,1994,16(4):389-403.Deng Qidong,Chen Shefa,Zhao Xiaolin.Tectonics,seismicity and dynamics of Longmenshan mountains andits adjacent regions[J].Seismology and Geology,1994,16(4):389-403.(in Chinese)
[7]陈运泰,许力生,张勇,等.2008年5月12日汶川特大地震震源特性分析报告[R].北京:中国地震局,2008.ChenYuntai,Xu Lisheng,Zhang Yong,et al.Seismicsource analysis reports about wenchuan earthquake2008-12-05[R].Beijing:China Earthquake Administra-tion,2008.(in Chinese)
[8]陈运泰.汶川地震的成因断层、破裂过程及成灾机理[EB/OL].(2008-09-19).http:∥www.tech.sina.com.cn/09362463344.html.Chen Yuntai.The cause of fault formation,ruptureprocess and the mechanism of the Wenchuan earthquake[EB/OL].(2008-09-18).http:∥www.tech.sina.com.cn/09362463344.html.(in Chinese)
[9]许力生,俞言祥,陈运泰.中国强地面运动研究进展[J].地震学报,2003,25(5):475-479.Xu Lisheng,Yu Yanxiang,Chen Yuntai.Advances inground motion studies in china[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2003,25(5):475-479.(in Chinese)
[10]Shen Zhengkang,Sun Jianbao,Zhang Peizhen,et al.Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriersduring the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Nature Ge-oscience,2009,12:718-724.
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