不同立地类型柳杉和柏木光合特性研究
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摘要
以地震主断裂带上北川县和安县地区的主要树种柳杉和柏木为研究对象,采用Li-6400光合测定系统于2010年5月对未滑坡、滑坡和局部山体崩塌林地上柳杉和柏木的光合特征指标进行测定。结果表明:不同立地类型的柳杉净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和气孔导度(gs)表现出相同的变化,都是未滑坡>局部山体崩塌>滑坡,且未滑坡与滑坡的柳杉Tr、Ci和gs都有极显著差异,滑坡柳杉的瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)最高,为3.94μmol/mmol,不同立地类型的柳杉WUE差异不显著;柏木的Pn和Tr表现为局部山体崩塌>未滑坡>滑坡,局部山体崩塌的柏木Pn和Tr分别高出未滑坡和滑坡的91.10%、119.69%和47.50%、73.52%,局部山体崩塌与滑坡的Pn和Tr都有极显著差异;在3个立地类型中,柏木Pn和Tr分别低于柳杉的Pn和Tr,而柏木的WUE则高于柳杉的WUE。
Cryptomeria fortunei and Cupressus funebris,which were in Beichuan and Anxian counties of the earthquake disaster areas,were studied in this paper.Photosynthetic characteristics were measured by Li-6400 in May 2010 on non-landslide,landside and local collapse site types.The results showed that Pn,Tr,Ci and gs of C.fortunei exhibited same changing rules in different site types,ie non-landslide>local collapse>landside;and Tr,Ci and gs of C.fortunei in non-landslide and landside were significant different;WUE of C.fortunei on landslide forestland was the highest by 3.94 μmol/mmol,and there was no significant differences among varied site types.For C.funebris,Pn and Tr showed the rule of local collapse>non-landslide>landside forestland;Pn and Tr in local collapse were 91.10%,119.69% and 47.50%,73.52% higher than those in non-landslide and landside forestland respectively,which were significant different between local collapse and landslide.In three site types,Pn and Tr of C.funebris were lower than those of C.fortunei,while WUE of C.funebris was higher than that of C.fortunei.
Cryptomeria fortunei and Cupressus funebris,which were in Beichuan and Anxian counties of the earthquake disaster areas,were studied in this paper.Photosynthetic characteristics were measured by Li-6400 in May 2010 on non-landslide,landside and local collapse site types.The results showed that Pn,Tr,Ci and gs of C.fortunei exhibited same changing rules in different site types,ie non-landslide>local collapse>landside;and Tr,Ci and gs of C.fortunei in non-landslide and landside were significant different;WUE of C.fortunei on landslide forestland was the highest by 3.94 μmol/mmol,and there was no significant differences among varied site types.For C.funebris,Pn and Tr showed the rule of local collapse>non-landslide>landside forestland;Pn and Tr in local collapse were 91.10%,119.69% and 47.50%,73.52% higher than those in non-landslide and landside forestland respectively,which were significant different between local collapse and landslide.In three site types,Pn and Tr of C.funebris were lower than those of C.fortunei,while WUE of C.funebris was higher than that of C.fortunei.
引文
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[2]NOIJ E K.The public heath consequence of disasters[M].NewYork:Oxford University Press,1997:188.
[3]PRAGER E J.The science and nature of earthquake,Volcano,Tsumnamis[C]//PRAGER E J.Furious earth.New York:MaGraw-Hill,1999:67.
[4]BRIGGS S M.Surgical clinics of North American[J].Earthquakes,2006,86:537-544.
[5]China Ministry of Civil Affairs.Assessment of the disaster areas caused by the Wenchuan512earthquake,China[R].Beijing:CMCA,2008.
[6]China Ministry of State Land Resources.Assessment of the disaster areas caused by the Wenchuan512earthquake,China[R].Beijing:CMSLR,2008.
[7]张文,周立江,潘发明,等.利用CBERS进行汶川地震区森林资源损失快速评估[J].山地学报,2008,26(6):748-754.
[8]田佳,田涛,赵廷宁,等.微立地因子植被恢复法在汶川地震植被重建中的应用[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(5):16-20.
[9]张毅,熊春莲,蔡艳,等.震后土壤微生物分布状况研究[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(5):1404-1409.
[10]武维华.植物生理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:440-447.
[11]SCHUSTER R L,HIGHLAND L M.Overview of the effects of mass wasting on the natural environment[J].Environmental and Engineering Geoscience,2007,13:25-44.
[12]MARSCHNER H.Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].2nd ed.California:Academic Press Ltd,1995:889.
[13]DANG Q L,CHENG S.Effects of soil temperature on ecophysiological traits in seedlings of four tree species[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2004,194:379-387.
[14]NOLAND T L,MOHAMMED G H,SCOTT M.The dependence of root growth potential on light level,photosynthetic rate,and root starch content in jack pine[J].New Forests,1997,13:105-119.
[15]WALTERS M B,REICH P B.Are shade tolerance,survival,and growth liked?Low light and nitrogen effects on hardwood seedlings[J].Ecology,1996,77:841-853.
[16]WEI X,KITAYA Y,SHIBUYA T,et al.Soil respiration in a bamboo forest as affected by soil temperatures and soil moisture contents[J].Phyton-Annales Rei Botanicae,2005,45:295-298.
[17]FUKUZAWA K,SHIBATA H,TAKAGI K,et al.Vertical distribution and seasonal pattern of fine-root dynamics in a cooltemperate forest in northern Japan:implication of the understory vegetation,Sasa dwarf bamboo[J].Ecological Research,2007,22(3):485-495.
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