新疆地震断裂带次生植物根际土壤微生物碳源利用
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摘要
利用BIOLOG技术研究了新疆富蕴地震断裂带6种次生植物对根际土壤微生物碳源利用的影响.结果表明:多数植物根际土壤养分显著高于对照.6种根际土壤的平均颜色变化率差异显著,且均高于对照.次生植物不影响根际土壤微生物碳源利用的丰富度,但改变了其优势度和均匀度.不同处理根际土壤微生物碳源利用存在差异,主要体现在对糖类、氨基酸类、羧酸类的利用上.断裂带上次生植物的出现使土壤微生物利用碳源的类型由酚类向糖类、羧酸类转变.土壤速效钾含量与土壤微生物对聚合物(r=-0.84)、胺类(r=-0.83)的利用呈负相关.新疆地震断裂带的次生植物能显著增强土壤微生物的碳源利用能力,改变碳源利用类型.密刺蔷薇和蓍在提高土壤微生物碳源利用能力和改善土壤养分方面效果最佳.
By using BIOLOG technique, this paper studied the microbial carbon utilization in the rhizosphere soils of six kinds of secondary plants in Fuyun earthquake fault zone of Xinjiang. Most of the rhizosphere soils had significantly higher nutrient contents, and all of them had a higher AWCD, as compared with the control. There was a distinct difference in the AWCD among the six rhizosphere soils. Secondary plants less affected the richness but changed the dominance and evenness of the microbial carbon sources in the rhizosphere soils. The carbon sources utilization by the microorganisms in the rhizosphere soils differed with the kinds of secondary plants, and was mainly manifested in the utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids, and carboxylic acids. The appearance of secondary plants in the earthquake fault zone made the types of carbon sources utilized by the microorganisms changed from phenols to carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. In addition, the available K content in rhizosphere soils had a negative correlation with the microbial utilization of polymers (r=-0.84) and amines (r=-0.83). It was suggested that the secondary plants in the earthquake fault zone of Xinjiang could significantly enhance the capability of soil microorganisms in carbon sources utilization, and change the types of carbon sources utilized by the microorganisms. Rosa spinosissima and Achillea millefolium played the best roles in enhancing the carbon source utilization capability of soil microorganisms and in improving soil nutrient status.
By using BIOLOG technique, this paper studied the microbial carbon utilization in the rhizosphere soils of six kinds of secondary plants in Fuyun earthquake fault zone of Xinjiang. Most of the rhizosphere soils had significantly higher nutrient contents, and all of them had a higher AWCD, as compared with the control. There was a distinct difference in the AWCD among the six rhizosphere soils. Secondary plants less affected the richness but changed the dominance and evenness of the microbial carbon sources in the rhizosphere soils. The carbon sources utilization by the microorganisms in the rhizosphere soils differed with the kinds of secondary plants, and was mainly manifested in the utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids, and carboxylic acids. The appearance of secondary plants in the earthquake fault zone made the types of carbon sources utilized by the microorganisms changed from phenols to carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. In addition, the available K content in rhizosphere soils had a negative correlation with the microbial utilization of polymers (r=-0.84) and amines (r=-0.83). It was suggested that the secondary plants in the earthquake fault zone of Xinjiang could significantly enhance the capability of soil microorganisms in carbon sources utilization, and change the types of carbon sources utilized by the microorganisms. Rosa spinosissima and Achillea millefolium played the best roles in enhancing the carbon source utilization capability of soil microorganisms and in improving soil nutrient status.
引文
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[13]He S-H(何寿欢).Compilation of Seismic Data of Xin-jiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Beijing:Earthquake Press,1985(in Chinese)
[14]Administration of Quality and Technology Supervision of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(新疆维吾尔自治区质量技术监督局).The Methods of Xinjiang Soil Analysis(DB65/T602),2001
[15]Ou Y-D(区余端),Su Z-Y(苏志尧),Peng G-X(彭桂香),et al.Soil microbial functional diversity in a montane evergreen broadleaved forest of Chebaling fol-lowing the huge ice storm in South China.Acta Ecologi-ca Sinica(生态学报),2009,29(11):6156-6164(in Chinese)
[16]Garland JL,Millsa L.Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities on basis of pat-ters of community-level sole-carbon-utilization.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1991,57:2351-2359
[17]Magurran AE.Ecological Diversity and Its Measure-ment.Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,1988
[18]Shen W-S(申卫收),Lin X-G(林先贵),Zhang H-Y(张华勇),et al.Microbial activity and functional di-versity in soils used for the commercial production of cu-cumbers and tomatoes in polytunnel greenhouse,under different fertilization.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2008,28(6):2682-2689(in Chinese)
[19]Buyer JS,Kaufman DD.Microbial diversity in the rhizo-sphere of corn grown under conventional and low-input systems.Applied Soil Ecology,1997,5:21-27
[20]Weber KP,Grove JA,Gehder M,et al.Data transfor-mations in the analysis of community-level substrate uti-lization data from microplates.Journal of Microbiological Methods,2007,69:461-469
[21]Li C-J(李从娟),Ma J(马健),Li Y(李彦).Salt content in the rhizosphere of five psammophytes.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2009,29(9):4649-4655(in Chinese)
[22]Zheng H(郑华),Chen F-L(陈法霖),Ouyang Z-Y(欧阳志云),et al.Utilization of different carbon sources types in biolog-GN microplates by soil microbial communities from four forest types.Environmental Sci-ence(环境科学),2007,28(5):1126-1130(in Chi-nese)
[23]Bi J-T(毕江涛),He D-H(贺达汉).Research ad-vances in effects of plant on soil microbial diversity.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2009,25(9):244-250(in Chinese)
[24]Li S-P(李世朋),Cai C-Z(蔡祖聪),Yang H(杨浩).Effects of soil characteristics on soil microbial function under different vegetation types in Guiyang.Soils(土壤),2009,41(2):224-229(in Chinese)
[25]Jin J(金剑),Wang G-H(王光华),Chen X-L(陈雪丽),et al.Analysis of microbial community function-al diversity in rhizosphere of different soybean genotypes at R1stage using Biolog-ECO method.Soybean Science(大豆科学),2007,26(4):565-570(in Chinese)
[26]Zhang W(张薇),Wei H-L(魏海雷),Gao H-W(高洪文),et al.Advances of studies on soil microbial diversity and environmental impact factors.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2005,24(1):48-52(in Chinese)
[27]Poonguzhali S,Madhaiyan M,Sa T.Cultivation-de-pendent characterization of rhizobacterial communities from field grown Chinese cabbage Brassica campestris ssp.pekinensis and screening of traits for potential plant growth promotion.Plant and Soil,2006,286:167-180
[28]Zhang J(张晶),Zhang H-W(张惠文),Li X-Y(李新宇),et al.Soil microbial ecological process and microbial functional gene diversity.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2006,17(6):1129-1132(in Chinese)
[29]Liu F(刘芳).Earthquake and ecological environ-ment.Inner Mongolia Environmental Science(内蒙古环境科学),2009,21(6):16-18(in Chinese)
[30]Zhu Z-Y(朱再昱),Liu S-P(刘水平),Liu D-Z(刘登柱),et al.Consideration on the countermeasures of vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction after‘5·12’earthquake in Sichuan.Journal of Anhui Agri-cultural Sciences(安徽农业科学),2009,37(11):5072-5141(in Chinese)
[2]Pan J-X(潘静娴),Zhang Y(张莹).Selection and application of plants in ecosystems reconstruction after the earthquake.Journal of Institute of Disaster-Preven-tion Science and Technology(防灾科技学院学报),2009,11(3):9-13(in Chinese)
[3]Li B(李博).Ecology.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000(in Chinese)
[4]Yang X-T(杨喜田),Ning G-H(宁国华),Dong H-Y(董惠英),et al.Soil microbial characters under differ-ent vegetation communities in Taihang Mountain Area.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2006,17(9):1761-1764(in Chinese)
[5]Zheng H(郑华),Ouyang Z-Y(欧阳志云),Wang X-K(王效科),et al.Effects of forest restoration pat-terns on soil microbial communities.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2004,15(11):2019-2024(in Chinese)
[6]Kowalchuk GA,Buma DS,Boer WD,et al.Effects of above-ground plant species composition and diversity on the diversity of soil-borne microorganisms.Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek,2002,81:509-520
[7]He XY,Wang KL,Zhang W,et al.Positive correlation between soil bacterial metabolic and plant species diver-sity and bacterial and fungal diversity in a vegetation succession on Karst.Plant and Soil,2008,307:123-134
[8]Artz RRE,Chapman SJ,Siegenthaler A,et al.Func-tional microbial diversity in regenerating cutover peat-lands responds to vegetation succession.Journal of Ap-plied Ecology,2008,45:1799-1809
[9]Kang S,Mills AL.Soil bacterial community structure changes following disturbance of the overlying plant com-munity.Soil Science,2004,169:55-65
[10]Tscherko D,Hammesfahr U,Zeltnerb G,et al.Plant succession and rhizosphere microbial communities in a recently deglaciated alpine terrain.Basic and Applied Ecology,2005,6:367-383
[11]Tscherkoa D,Hammesfahra U,Marxb MC,et al.Shifts in rhizosphere microbial communities and enzyme activi-ty of Poa alpina across an alpine chronosequence.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36:1685-1698
[12]Jiang H-X(蒋浩旋).Fuyun Earthquake Fault Zone.Beijing:Earthquake Press,1985(in Chinese)
[13]He S-H(何寿欢).Compilation of Seismic Data of Xin-jiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Beijing:Earthquake Press,1985(in Chinese)
[14]Administration of Quality and Technology Supervision of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(新疆维吾尔自治区质量技术监督局).The Methods of Xinjiang Soil Analysis(DB65/T602),2001
[15]Ou Y-D(区余端),Su Z-Y(苏志尧),Peng G-X(彭桂香),et al.Soil microbial functional diversity in a montane evergreen broadleaved forest of Chebaling fol-lowing the huge ice storm in South China.Acta Ecologi-ca Sinica(生态学报),2009,29(11):6156-6164(in Chinese)
[16]Garland JL,Millsa L.Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities on basis of pat-ters of community-level sole-carbon-utilization.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1991,57:2351-2359
[17]Magurran AE.Ecological Diversity and Its Measure-ment.Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,1988
[18]Shen W-S(申卫收),Lin X-G(林先贵),Zhang H-Y(张华勇),et al.Microbial activity and functional di-versity in soils used for the commercial production of cu-cumbers and tomatoes in polytunnel greenhouse,under different fertilization.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2008,28(6):2682-2689(in Chinese)
[19]Buyer JS,Kaufman DD.Microbial diversity in the rhizo-sphere of corn grown under conventional and low-input systems.Applied Soil Ecology,1997,5:21-27
[20]Weber KP,Grove JA,Gehder M,et al.Data transfor-mations in the analysis of community-level substrate uti-lization data from microplates.Journal of Microbiological Methods,2007,69:461-469
[21]Li C-J(李从娟),Ma J(马健),Li Y(李彦).Salt content in the rhizosphere of five psammophytes.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2009,29(9):4649-4655(in Chinese)
[22]Zheng H(郑华),Chen F-L(陈法霖),Ouyang Z-Y(欧阳志云),et al.Utilization of different carbon sources types in biolog-GN microplates by soil microbial communities from four forest types.Environmental Sci-ence(环境科学),2007,28(5):1126-1130(in Chi-nese)
[23]Bi J-T(毕江涛),He D-H(贺达汉).Research ad-vances in effects of plant on soil microbial diversity.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报),2009,25(9):244-250(in Chinese)
[24]Li S-P(李世朋),Cai C-Z(蔡祖聪),Yang H(杨浩).Effects of soil characteristics on soil microbial function under different vegetation types in Guiyang.Soils(土壤),2009,41(2):224-229(in Chinese)
[25]Jin J(金剑),Wang G-H(王光华),Chen X-L(陈雪丽),et al.Analysis of microbial community function-al diversity in rhizosphere of different soybean genotypes at R1stage using Biolog-ECO method.Soybean Science(大豆科学),2007,26(4):565-570(in Chinese)
[26]Zhang W(张薇),Wei H-L(魏海雷),Gao H-W(高洪文),et al.Advances of studies on soil microbial diversity and environmental impact factors.Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2005,24(1):48-52(in Chinese)
[27]Poonguzhali S,Madhaiyan M,Sa T.Cultivation-de-pendent characterization of rhizobacterial communities from field grown Chinese cabbage Brassica campestris ssp.pekinensis and screening of traits for potential plant growth promotion.Plant and Soil,2006,286:167-180
[28]Zhang J(张晶),Zhang H-W(张惠文),Li X-Y(李新宇),et al.Soil microbial ecological process and microbial functional gene diversity.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2006,17(6):1129-1132(in Chinese)
[29]Liu F(刘芳).Earthquake and ecological environ-ment.Inner Mongolia Environmental Science(内蒙古环境科学),2009,21(6):16-18(in Chinese)
[30]Zhu Z-Y(朱再昱),Liu S-P(刘水平),Liu D-Z(刘登柱),et al.Consideration on the countermeasures of vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction after‘5·12’earthquake in Sichuan.Journal of Anhui Agri-cultural Sciences(安徽农业科学),2009,37(11):5072-5141(in Chinese)
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