彭州市龙门山不同地震裸地次生演替初期土壤酶活性研究
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摘要
地震形成的次生裸地的生态恢复包括植被和土壤的结构与功能恢复两个方面。选取彭州龙门山地震崩塌地、泥石流冲积扇、滑坡体等震后形成的三个典型次生裸地恢复3a后,对表土(0—30cm)有机碳、水溶性氮、有效磷和土壤酶活性等性质进行了研究,以评价恢复初期不同次生裸地的土壤恢复状况。结果显示,自然恢复3a,土壤有机碳恢复到原生样地的27%~42%,可溶性碳恢复至原生样地的25%~46%,可溶性氮恢复至原生样地的6%~14%,有效磷恢复至原生样地的21%~83%。土壤酶中,过氧化氢酶活性恢复较快,达到对照样地过氧化氢酶活性的70%以上,而脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶活性恢复较慢,分别为对照样地的5%~19%,6%~48%,6%~26%,因此地震形成的次生裸地上土壤肥力质量与土壤酶活性的恢复是一个长期的过程。
Ecological restoration on those secondary bareland induced by earthquake generally includes restoration of vegetation and soil structure and function.Topsoils(0-30 cm) were sampled from three typical sites of secondary bareland caused by 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake,i.e.,earthquake collapse,debris flow alluvial fan,and landslide site in Mt.Longmen,soil enzyme activities,soil organic carbon,dissolved N,and available P were examined to determine soil restoration status after 3 years of earthquake.Results showed that after three years of natural restoration of vegetation,soil organic carbon,dissolved organic C,dissolved nitrogen,available phosphorus have been recovered to 27%~42%,25%~46%,6%~14%,21%~83% of those in control plots,respectively.For soil enzymes,catalase activity was restored to more than 70% of that undisturbed plots,while activities of urease,sucrase,and alkaline phosphatase restored slowly,only were restored to 5%~19%,6%~48%,and 6%~26% of those in undisturbed plots respectively,which indicated that restoration of soil fertility and soil enzyme activity is a long-term process for those secondary bare lands induced by earthquake.
引文
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