地—空界面天然中子辐射场的扰动及其环境意义
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摘要
介绍了地—空界面天然中子流的来源和轻便型天然中子流测量仪器。论述了地—空界面天然中子辐射场的扰动。理论与长期观测表明,在地—空界面上天然中子流注量率随高程的增加而呈指数规律增加,而在近地表(20m内)却随距地面高度的增加而呈指数规律减少;天然中子流注量率与大气压力呈负相关关系,气压系数为(-0.060～-0.064)中子计数/30min/kPa;地—空界面天然中子流的纬度效应与高空中更显著;天然中子流注量率异常与气象的变化密切相关;地表介质的含水率增高,则地—空界面上升快中子流明显降低。通过对地一空界面天然中子流测量,可以揭示气象的瞬态变化、确定地表介质的含水率的关系,以及在地震预报与环境电离辐射评价方面具有重要的科学意义与实用价值。
The origin of natural neutron flux on the air-ground interface has been introduce in this paper. A new portable instrument for measuring natural neutron flux has described. The theoretic and experimental resuits show that the natural neutron flux on the air-ground interface varies with the atmosphere conditions and the properties of soil or rocks. It has been also found that the intensities of natural neutron flux increase with the increase of the altitude above the sea level and decrease with the increase of the distance from the ground at a given altitude. The natural neutron flux measurement method can be used to predict the instantaneous change of atmosphere condition, and to determining the water content of soil and rocks and to predict earthquake.
The origin of natural neutron flux on the air-ground interface has been introduce in this paper. A new portable instrument for measuring natural neutron flux has described. The theoretic and experimental resuits show that the natural neutron flux on the air-ground interface varies with the atmosphere conditions and the properties of soil or rocks. It has been also found that the intensities of natural neutron flux increase with the increase of the altitude above the sea level and decrease with the increase of the distance from the ground at a given altitude. The natural neutron flux measurement method can be used to predict the instantaneous change of atmosphere condition, and to determining the water content of soil and rocks and to predict earthquake.
引文
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[5] 葛良全,赖万昌,林延畅,等.地-空界面上大气中子的数学模型[J].成都理工大学学报.2003,30(6) :588-592．
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[7] 林丽君.大气中子的效应[J] .空间电子技术,2003,2:45-49．
[2] 叶宗海.空间粒子辐射探测技术[M].北京:科学出版,1986．
[3] Armstrong P W, Chandler K C, Barash J. Calculations of neutron flux spectra induced in the earth atmosphere by galactic cosmic rays[J]. Journal of Geophysics Research. 1973, 78(16) :2 715-2 726．
[4] 葛盛秋,温静,王其亮,等.民航飞机座舱中宇宙辐射中子剂量与飞行高度和地磁纬度关系探讨[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,1998,9(3) :175-161．
[5] 葛良全,赖万昌,林延畅,等.地-空界面上大气中子的数学模型[J].成都理工大学学报.2003,30(6) :588-592．
[6] 刘圣康.中子物理[M].北京:原子能出版社.1986．
[7] 林丽君.大气中子的效应[J] .空间电子技术,2003,2:45-49．
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