基于局域波分解和约束插值的地震反演
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摘要
在我国东部油田的勘探开发中,井震联合高分辨率反演是薄互层储层预测的有效方法,将高频测井资料和相对低频的地震资料有机地结合起来,得到与地震资料吻合程度高的层状地质模型是获得好的反演结果的基础。为此,在时间-相位模型约束的井资料外推方法中,引入局域波分解技术来求解地震瞬时相位;通过井旁地层对比,建立测井资料与地震资料之间的联系,把测井信息在地震资料建立的等相面约束下外推出去,以获得高分辨率的属性反演剖面。针对局域波分解方法中的一些不足,提出了一种新的方法——希尔伯特变换均值模式分解法,提高了方法的计算速度和抗噪能力。此外,对测井属性外推插值到井外的方法——基于约束插值的反演理论进行了探讨,从理论上解释了拟测井曲线反演的有效性。将上述方法应用于大庆油田茂2井区,获得的扶余油层的波阻抗、自然伽马、电阻率、砂体隶属度分布等反演剖面的分辨率得到了提高,横向连续性得到了改善。
High resolution joint inversion of seismic data and well logging is an effective method to predict the thin interbedded reservoir in the exploration and development of eastern oil field in China.How ever,the combination of high frequency logging data with relative low frequency seismic data for establishing a stratified geologic model well matching the seismic data is the foundation for obtaining good inversion result.Therefore.local wave decomposition tech- nology was introduced into the logging data extrapolation method constrained by time-phase model to gain the seismic instantaneous phase.The relationship of fogging and seismic data was established through the wellside strata correlation.High resolution attributes inversion profiles were generated through the extrapolation of log- ging constrained by equiphase surface established based on seismic data.Meanwhile.the Hilbert transform mean mode decomposition was proposed to improve the computation speed and noise immuni- ty.The inversion theory based on constrained interpolation(the extrapolation of logging attributes) was discussed and the effective ness of seislog inversion was interpreted theoretically.After apply ing the method to Mao2 well area in Daqing oil field.the resolution of the obtained inversion profiles (wave impedance,gamma-ray.e- lectrical resistivity,sand membership degree) was enhanced and the lateral continuity was improved.
High resolution joint inversion of seismic data and well logging is an effective method to predict the thin interbedded reservoir in the exploration and development of eastern oil field in China.How ever,the combination of high frequency logging data with relative low frequency seismic data for establishing a stratified geologic model well matching the seismic data is the foundation for obtaining good inversion result.Therefore.local wave decomposition tech- nology was introduced into the logging data extrapolation method constrained by time-phase model to gain the seismic instantaneous phase.The relationship of fogging and seismic data was established through the wellside strata correlation.High resolution attributes inversion profiles were generated through the extrapolation of log- ging constrained by equiphase surface established based on seismic data.Meanwhile.the Hilbert transform mean mode decomposition was proposed to improve the computation speed and noise immuni- ty.The inversion theory based on constrained interpolation(the extrapolation of logging attributes) was discussed and the effective ness of seislog inversion was interpreted theoretically.After apply ing the method to Mao2 well area in Daqing oil field.the resolution of the obtained inversion profiles (wave impedance,gamma-ray.e- lectrical resistivity,sand membership degree) was enhanced and the lateral continuity was improved.
引文
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2葸晓宇．刘洪．曾锐．等．浅水型河流相的ICA地震识别方法[J]．地球物理学进展，2006．21(3)：856～863
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7张向君．李幼铭．刘洪．神经网络结构风险最小油气预测[J]．石油地球物理勘探．2002．37(1)：73～76
8 Sacchi M D,Ulrych T J.High-resolution velocity gath ers and offset space reconstruction[J].Geophysics. 1995,60(4):1169～1177
9杨谦，李正文．地震资料宽带约束反演方法及应用[J]．石油物探，1996，35(4)：37～42
10刘喜武，刘洪．实现稀疏反褶积的预条件共轭梯度法[J]．物探化探计算技术．2003，18(3)：215～219
11曾锐，刘洪，陈世军，等．柯西约束盲反褶积技术在井间地震中的应用[J]．地球物理学进展，2004．19(1)：166～171
12杨磊，张向君．李幼铭．地震道非线性反演的参数反馈控制及效果[J]．地球物理学报，1999．42(5)：677～684
13李洪奇，刘洪，李幼铭．混沌控制反演系统构造及算法逻辑设计[J]．地球科学，2001，26(1)：78～82
14 Lei Y,Wang Y H,Yang K Q,et al.1+1D wave equa- tion inverse problem by Chaos control techniques[J]. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos.2002, 12(8):1885～1893
15杨文采．地震道的非线性混沌反演——I．理论和数值试验[J]．地球物理学报。1993，36(2)：222～232
16陈志德．杨文采．吴永刚．用于储层追踪的地震波阻抗混沌反演[J]．石油地球物理勘探．1995．30(1)：1～10
17王西文．刘全新，等．储集层预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用[J]．石油勘探与开发．2006．33(2)：189～193
18王西文．相对波阻抗数据体约束下的多井测井参数反演方法及应用[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2004．39(3)：292～299
19王西文．大港油区周清庄油田精细储集层预测之波阻抗和拟测井参数反演(封面图片说明)[J]．石油勘探与开发．2003，30(3)：12
20孟小红，王卫民，姚长利，等．地质模型计算机辅助设计原理与应用[M]．北京：地质出版社．2001：156～172
21刘喜武，刘洪，刘彬．反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究[J]．地球物理学报．2004．47(2)：299～305
22 Huang N E,Chern C C,Huang K,et al.A new spectral representation of earthquake data:Hilbert spectral a nalysis of station[J].Bulletin Seismic Society Ameri- can,2001,91(5):1310～1338
23 Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for non- linear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Pro ceedings of the Royal Soyal Society of London Series A 454,1998,903～995
24 Hnang N E.Shen Z,Long S R.A new view of nonlin- ear water waves:the Hilbert spectrum[J].Annual Re- view of Fluid Mechnics,1999,31(1):417～457
25 Zhong Y M.Research on theoretic evidence and reali- zation of directly-mean EMD method[J].Chinese Jour- nal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,17(3):399～404
26 Gai Q,Ma X J.Processing time-varying signals by a new method[R].CIE International Conference on Radar. Beijing,China.2001
2葸晓宇．刘洪．曾锐．等．浅水型河流相的ICA地震识别方法[J]．地球物理学进展，2006．21(3)：856～863
3孟宪军．杜世通．地震资料的测井约束多项式拟合外推反演[J]．石油地球物理勘探．1995．30(3)：363～372
4 Brac J,Dequirez P Y.Herve F,et al.Inversion with a priori information:an approach to integrated strati graphic interpretation[J].Expanded Abstracts of 58~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1988,841～844
5 Carton D.Well guided stratigraphic inversion of bore- hole and surface seismic sections[J].Expanded Ab s,facts of 58~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1988,837～840
6何樵登．梁光河．利用地震资料和测井约束反演地层参数——一种测井数据的地震外推方法[J]．石油物探．1995．34(2)：1～7
7张向君．李幼铭．刘洪．神经网络结构风险最小油气预测[J]．石油地球物理勘探．2002．37(1)：73～76
8 Sacchi M D,Ulrych T J.High-resolution velocity gath ers and offset space reconstruction[J].Geophysics. 1995,60(4):1169～1177
9杨谦，李正文．地震资料宽带约束反演方法及应用[J]．石油物探，1996，35(4)：37～42
10刘喜武，刘洪．实现稀疏反褶积的预条件共轭梯度法[J]．物探化探计算技术．2003，18(3)：215～219
11曾锐，刘洪，陈世军，等．柯西约束盲反褶积技术在井间地震中的应用[J]．地球物理学进展，2004．19(1)：166～171
12杨磊，张向君．李幼铭．地震道非线性反演的参数反馈控制及效果[J]．地球物理学报，1999．42(5)：677～684
13李洪奇，刘洪，李幼铭．混沌控制反演系统构造及算法逻辑设计[J]．地球科学，2001，26(1)：78～82
14 Lei Y,Wang Y H,Yang K Q,et al.1+1D wave equa- tion inverse problem by Chaos control techniques[J]. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos.2002, 12(8):1885～1893
15杨文采．地震道的非线性混沌反演——I．理论和数值试验[J]．地球物理学报。1993，36(2)：222～232
16陈志德．杨文采．吴永刚．用于储层追踪的地震波阻抗混沌反演[J]．石油地球物理勘探．1995．30(1)：1～10
17王西文．刘全新，等．储集层预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用[J]．石油勘探与开发．2006．33(2)：189～193
18王西文．相对波阻抗数据体约束下的多井测井参数反演方法及应用[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2004．39(3)：292～299
19王西文．大港油区周清庄油田精细储集层预测之波阻抗和拟测井参数反演(封面图片说明)[J]．石油勘探与开发．2003，30(3)：12
20孟小红，王卫民，姚长利，等．地质模型计算机辅助设计原理与应用[M]．北京：地质出版社．2001：156～172
21刘喜武，刘洪，刘彬．反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究[J]．地球物理学报．2004．47(2)：299～305
22 Huang N E,Chern C C,Huang K,et al.A new spectral representation of earthquake data:Hilbert spectral a nalysis of station[J].Bulletin Seismic Society Ameri- can,2001,91(5):1310～1338
23 Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for non- linear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Pro ceedings of the Royal Soyal Society of London Series A 454,1998,903～995
24 Hnang N E.Shen Z,Long S R.A new view of nonlin- ear water waves:the Hilbert spectrum[J].Annual Re- view of Fluid Mechnics,1999,31(1):417～457
25 Zhong Y M.Research on theoretic evidence and reali- zation of directly-mean EMD method[J].Chinese Jour- nal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,17(3):399～404
26 Gai Q,Ma X J.Processing time-varying signals by a new method[R].CIE International Conference on Radar. Beijing,China.2001
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