爆破地震波的分形机制
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摘要
为深入研究爆破地震波的分形特性,采用分形理论中的盒维数方法,针对爆破地震信号的传播规律和特征,建立了其分形盒维数模型,结合在岩石场地进行深孔爆破的试验数据,计算了爆破震动信号的分形盒维数值D。通过分析D的数理意义及其与场地介质特性的关系,探讨了爆破地震波分形的物理力学机制。研究表明,爆破地震信号D能够反映爆破地震波传递介质岩石性质的特征信息,可作为描述爆破地震信号一个新的重要参量,为建立更加有效的爆破震动响应预测模型奠定了基础。
In order to study the fractal characteristic of blasting seismic wave,the box-dimension model was established based on the fractal theory.In this model,the characteristic and propagation rule of blasting seismic wave were considered.By using the test data of the deep-hole blasting experiments carried out at a rock site,the fractal box-dimension values D of blasting seismic signals were calculated according to this model.By analyzing the mathematical meaning of box-dimension values D and its relationship with medium characteristic,the fractal mechanism of blasting seismic wave was discussed.The result indicates that fractal box-dimension value D of the blasting seismic wave can reflect the rock characteristic information of blasting seismic wave's propagation medium.So it can be used as an important new parameter to describe the blasting seismic wave.In this way,the box-dimension research of blasting seismic wave lays a foundation to design more effective blasting vibration response forecast models.
In order to study the fractal characteristic of blasting seismic wave,the box-dimension model was established based on the fractal theory.In this model,the characteristic and propagation rule of blasting seismic wave were considered.By using the test data of the deep-hole blasting experiments carried out at a rock site,the fractal box-dimension values D of blasting seismic signals were calculated according to this model.By analyzing the mathematical meaning of box-dimension values D and its relationship with medium characteristic,the fractal mechanism of blasting seismic wave was discussed.The result indicates that fractal box-dimension value D of the blasting seismic wave can reflect the rock characteristic information of blasting seismic wave's propagation medium.So it can be used as an important new parameter to describe the blasting seismic wave.In this way,the box-dimension research of blasting seismic wave lays a foundation to design more effective blasting vibration response forecast models.
引文
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[18]SHARP J A.The production of elastic waves by ex-plosion pressure:I-Theory and empirical field obser-vations[J].Geophysics,1942,7:144-154;-Resultsof observation near an exploding charge[J].Geo-physics,1942,7:311-321.
[19]丁桦,郑哲敏.爆破震动等效载荷模型[J].中国科学(E辑,技术科学)2003,33(1):82-90.DING Hua,ZHENG Zhe-min.Blasting vibration e-quivalent load model[J].Science in China(Series E),2003,33(1):82-90.(in Chinese).
[20]丁多文.岩石结构分形及应用研究[J].岩土力学,1993,14(3):67-72.DING Duo-wen.Study on the fractal of structure ofrock mass and its application[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,1993,14(3):67-72.(in Chinese).
[21]杨善元.岩石爆破动力学基础[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991.
[2]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen,XU Quan-jun,etal.Study on propagation characteristics of blastingseismic waves in a rock medium and numerical calcula-tion[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7.(inChinese).
[3]龙源,娄建武.工程爆破中的建筑物震动监测[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2000,1(5):58-62.LONG Yuan,LOU Jian-wu.Measuring analysis ofstructure’s response vibration in engineering blasting[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Tech-nology:Natural Science Edition,2000,1(5):58-62.(inChinese).
[4]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.小波分析在结构爆破震动响应能量分析法中的应用[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(1):64-68.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,XU Quan-jun.Study onthe wavelet analysis applied in structure response toblasting vibration[J].World Information on Earth-quake Engineering,2001,17(1):64-68.(in Chinese).
[5]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.人工模拟爆破震动信号及其频谱特性检验[J].工程爆破,2001,7(1):7-11.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,XU Quan-jun.Simula-tion of blasting vibaration signal and verification of itsfrequency spectrum[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(1):7-11.(in Chinese).
[6]娄建武,徐全军,龙源.影响核岛新浇混凝土强度的爆破震动速度阈值研究[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(2):163-167.LOU Jian-wu,XU Quan-jun,LONG Yuan.Researchon threshold for influence of blasting vibration veloci-ty over the fresh concrete quality of the nuclear powerstation[J].World Information on Earthquake Engi-neering,2003,19(2):163-167.(in Chinese).
[7]娄建武,龙源,方向.基于反映谱分析的爆破震动破坏评估研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):41-46.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,FANG Xiang,et al.Study on blasting vibaration damage based on re-sponse spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2003,23(1):41-46.(in Chineses).
[8]GREGORY W W,OPPENHEIN A V.Estimation offractal signals from noisy measurements usingwavelets[J].IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing,1992,40(3):611-623.
[9]MARAGOS P,SUN F K.Measuring the fractal di-mension of signals:morphological covers and iterativeoptimization[J].IEEE Transaction on signal proces-siong,1993,41(1):108-121.
[10]MARAGOS P.Fractal aspects of speech signals:di-mension and interpolation[C].Washington:ASTIA,1992.
[11]YUEN S Y,FONG C K.Fractal dimension estima-tion and noise filtering using Hough transforms[J].Signal Processing,2004,29(4):907-917.
[12]张济忠.分形[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[13]杨国伟.用P(δ)=P0δ1-D计算实际分形体维数的不确定性[J].科学通报,1992,37(10):953-956.YANG Guo-wel.Indeterminacy of the for mula P(δ)=Ρ0δ1-Din the calculation of actual fractal particle di-mension[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1992,37(10):953-956.(in Chinese).
[14]林鸿益,李映雪.分形论——奇异性探索[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992.
[15]FALCONER K J.Fractal geometry:mathematicalfoundations and applications[M].New York:JohnWiley&Sons Inc,1990.
[16]訾艳阳.基于非平稳信号特征提取原理的实用诊断技术研究[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000.
[17]谢和平,张永平,宋晓秋.分形几何——数学基础与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1991.
[18]SHARP J A.The production of elastic waves by ex-plosion pressure:I-Theory and empirical field obser-vations[J].Geophysics,1942,7:144-154;-Resultsof observation near an exploding charge[J].Geo-physics,1942,7:311-321.
[19]丁桦,郑哲敏.爆破震动等效载荷模型[J].中国科学(E辑,技术科学)2003,33(1):82-90.DING Hua,ZHENG Zhe-min.Blasting vibration e-quivalent load model[J].Science in China(Series E),2003,33(1):82-90.(in Chinese).
[20]丁多文.岩石结构分形及应用研究[J].岩土力学,1993,14(3):67-72.DING Duo-wen.Study on the fractal of structure ofrock mass and its application[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,1993,14(3):67-72.(in Chinese).
[21]杨善元.岩石爆破动力学基础[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991.
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