南海北部陆坡混合沉积地层模式及地震响应特征
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摘要
混合沉积是指碳酸盐岩与陆源硅质碎屑在沉积上的混合,它是一种沉积机理特殊而又具有重要意义的沉积现象。混合沉积分为4种沉积模式:间断混合,相混合,原地混合和源地混合。通过对南海北部陆坡的研究,识别了其中中新世碳酸盐岩台地、碳酸盐岩斜坡和混合沉积,并对其平面分布进行了研究。结合前人研究,参考区域构造背景,通过地震资料的解释认为研究区的混合沉积属于源地混合沉积,并建立了适合研究区的混合沉积模式。研究区陆源硅质碎屑分别来自北部华南隆起以及西南部中南半岛,而碳酸盐岩碎屑则来自神狐隆起、西沙隆起以及南部的广乐隆起。研究区对混合沉积的影响因素包括构造作用、物源、再改造和沉积作用、海平面升降变化以及气候,对研究区混合沉积起主要作用的是构造作用及海平面升降变化。
Mixed sedimentation,which is mixed by carbonate and terrigenous siliciclastics,is an important phenomenon and has special sedimentation mechanism.It can be classified into four depositional models: 1.interrupted sedimentation;2.phase mixture;3.in-situ mixture;4.source mixture.Based on sequence analysis in the slope area of North South China Sea,we identify the carbonate platform,carbonate slope and mixed sedimentation develop in middle Miocene,and generalize its seismic characteristics and distribution.Combined with the pre-study on mixed sedimentation and the regional tectonic background in the study area,we figure out that the mixed sedimentation in this area belongs to the source mixture.In this stratigraphic model,the terrigenous siliciclistics mainly come from South China massif block and the Central South Peninsula,and the carbonate clastics mainly come form Xisha islands,Guangle uplift and Shenhu uplift.In study area,tectonism,input of material(including carbonate and siliciclastics),reworking and redeposition,eustatic sea level change and climate influence the mixed deposition.
Mixed sedimentation,which is mixed by carbonate and terrigenous siliciclastics,is an important phenomenon and has special sedimentation mechanism.It can be classified into four depositional models: 1.interrupted sedimentation;2.phase mixture;3.in-situ mixture;4.source mixture.Based on sequence analysis in the slope area of North South China Sea,we identify the carbonate platform,carbonate slope and mixed sedimentation develop in middle Miocene,and generalize its seismic characteristics and distribution.Combined with the pre-study on mixed sedimentation and the regional tectonic background in the study area,we figure out that the mixed sedimentation in this area belongs to the source mixture.In this stratigraphic model,the terrigenous siliciclistics mainly come from South China massif block and the Central South Peninsula,and the carbonate clastics mainly come form Xisha islands,Guangle uplift and Shenhu uplift.In study area,tectonism,input of material(including carbonate and siliciclastics),reworking and redeposition,eustatic sea level change and climate influence the mixed deposition.
引文
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[20]魏喜,贾承造,孟卫工.西沙群岛西琛1井碳酸盐岩白云石化特征及成因机制[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(2):217-224.Wei Xi,Jia Cheng-zao,Meng Wei-gong.DolomitizationCharacteristics of Carbonate Rock in Xisha Islands andIts Formation:A Case Study of Well Xichen-1[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Sciences Edition,2008,38(2):217-224.
[21]Ma Yu-bo,Wu Shi-guo,LüFu-liang,et al.SeismicCharacteristics and Development of the Xisha CarbonatePlatforms,Northern Margin of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,40:770-783.
[22]Shanmmugam G,Moiola R J.Eustatic Control of Tubid-ites and Winnowed Turbidites[J].Geology,1982,10:231-235.
[23]李绪宣,钟志洪,董伟良,等.琼东南盆地古近纪裂陷构造特征及其动力学机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):713-721.Li Xu-xuan,Zhong Zhi-hong,Dong Wei-liang,et al.Paleogene Rift Structure and Its Dynamics of Qiongdong-nan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(6):713-721.
[2]Mount J F.Mixed Siliclastic and Carbonate Sediments:AProposed First-Order Textural and Compositional Classifi-cation[J].Sedimentology,1985,32:435-442.
[3]张锦泉,叶红专.论碳酸盐与陆源碎屑的混合沉积[J].成都地质学院学报,1989,16(2):89-92.Zhang Jin-quan,Ye Hong-zhuan.A Study on Carbonateand Siliciclastic Mixed Sediments[J].Journal of Cheng-du College of Geology,1989,16(2):89-92.
[4]Dolan J F.Eustatic and Tectonic Controls on Depositionof Hybrid Siliciclastic/Carbonate Basinal Cycles:Discus-sion with Examples[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(10):1233-1246.
[5]Davies H R,Charles W B.Shelf Sandstones in the Mow-ry Shale:Evidence for Deposition During Cretaceous SeaLevel Falls[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1989,59:548-560.
[6]江茂生,沙庆安.碳酸盐与陆源碎屑的混合沉积体系研究进展[J].地球科学进展,1995,10(6):551-554.Jiang Mao-sheng,Sha Qing-an.Research Advances inthe Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate Sedimentary System[J].Advince in Earth Sciences,1995,10(6):551-554.
[7]Ferro C E,Droxler A W.Anderson J B,et al.Late Qua-ternary Shift of Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate Environ-ments Induced by Glacial Eustatic Sea-Level Fluctuationsin Belize[C]//Harris P M,Simo J A.Advances in Car-bonate Sequence Stratigraphy Special Publications,1999,63:385-411.
[8]Dunbar G B,Dickens G B,Carter R M.Sediment Fluxfrom the Great Barrier Reef Platform:Quantified Rates ofSiliciclastic and Carbonate Accumulation over the Last300 ky in the Queensland Trough[J].Sedimentary Geol-ogy,2000,133:49-92.
[9]Ginsburg R N,Cunningham K J.Siliciclastic Foundationof South Florida Quaternary Carbonates[C]//7th IntCoral Reef Symposium,Panama City,Panama.Panama:International Society for Reef Studies,1996:756.
[10]Sanders D,Hoefling R.Carbonate Deposition in MixedSiliciclastic-Carbonate Environments on Top of an Oro-genic Wedge(Late Cretaceous,Northern CalcareousAlps,Austria)[J].Sedimentary Geology,2000,137(3/4):127-146.
[11]Scheibner C,Speijer R P.Late Paleocene-Early EoceneTethyan Carbonate Platform Evolution:A Response toLong and Short-Term Paleo-Climatic Change[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2008,90:71-102.
[12]董桂玉,何幼斌,陈洪德,等.惠民凹陷沙一中湖相碳酸盐与陆源碎屑混合沉积:以山东商河地区为例[J].沉积学报,2007,25(3):343-350.Dong Gui-yu,He You-bin,Chen Hong-de,et al.Mixed Sedimentation of Carbonates of Lagoonal Faciesand Terrigenous Clastics of the Middle Submember ofMember 1 of Shahejie Formation in Huimin Sag:TakingShanghe Area in Shandong Province for an Example[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2007,25(3):343-350.
[13]Heap A D,Dickens G R,Stewart L K.Late HoloceneSediment in Nara Inlet,Central Great Barrier Reef Plat-form,Australia-Sediment Accumulation on the MiddleShelf of a Tropical Mixed Clastic/Carbonate System[J].Marine Geology,2001,176:39-54.
[14]Jochen H,James C,Ingle J L,et al.Modern Non-Tro-pical Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Sediments and Envi-ronments of the Southwestern Gulf of California,Mexico[J].Sedimentary Geology,2004,165(1/2):93-115.
[15]Blendinger W.Sea Level Changes Versus HydrothermalDiagenesis:Origin of Triassic Carbonate Platform Cyclesin the Dolomites,Italy[J].Sedimentary Geology,2004,169:21-28.
[16]Scoffin T P,Tudhope A W.Sedimentary Environmentsof the Central Region of the Great Barrier Reef,Austra-lia[J].Coral Reefs,1985,4:81-93.
[17]Larcombe P,Carter R M,Dye J,et al.New Evidencefor Episodic Post-Glacial Sea-Level Rise,Central GreatBarrier Reef,Australia[J].Marine Geology,1998,127:1-44.
[18]Chen P P H,Chen Zhi-yong,Zhang Qi-min.SequenceStratigraphy and Continental Margin Development of theNorthwestern Shelf of the South China Sea[J].AAPGBulletin,1993,77(5):842-862.
[19]Wu Shi-guo,Yuan Sheng-qiang,Zhang Gong-cheng,etal.Seismic Characterisitics of a Reef Carbonate Reser-voir and Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration inDeepwater of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern SCS[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2008,26(6):817-823.
[20]魏喜,贾承造,孟卫工.西沙群岛西琛1井碳酸盐岩白云石化特征及成因机制[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(2):217-224.Wei Xi,Jia Cheng-zao,Meng Wei-gong.DolomitizationCharacteristics of Carbonate Rock in Xisha Islands andIts Formation:A Case Study of Well Xichen-1[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Sciences Edition,2008,38(2):217-224.
[21]Ma Yu-bo,Wu Shi-guo,LüFu-liang,et al.SeismicCharacteristics and Development of the Xisha CarbonatePlatforms,Northern Margin of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,40:770-783.
[22]Shanmmugam G,Moiola R J.Eustatic Control of Tubid-ites and Winnowed Turbidites[J].Geology,1982,10:231-235.
[23]李绪宣,钟志洪,董伟良,等.琼东南盆地古近纪裂陷构造特征及其动力学机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(6):713-721.Li Xu-xuan,Zhong Zhi-hong,Dong Wei-liang,et al.Paleogene Rift Structure and Its Dynamics of Qiongdong-nan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(6):713-721.
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