基于改进的最佳匹配地震子波的地震资料衰减特性分析
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摘要
简述了改进的最佳匹配地震子波的小波函数构造及参数的物理含义;根据地震波的高、低频分量在黏弹介质中传播时被地层吸收的差异,给出了一种在时-频域定性估计地震波衰减特性的方法;分别以改进的最佳匹配地震子波的小波及Morlet小波作为母小波分析地层吸收特性,并比较了两种小波函数刻画地层吸收特性的能力;测试了这种方法对噪声的敏感程度.将文中提出的方法用于某油田的一段实测地震资料衰减分析,得到的吸收特性剖面能较好地反映油气的空间展布.
In this paper, a new type of analyzing wavelet named modified best matching seismic wavelets (called MBMSW wavelets)is proposed briefly, and the MBMSW wavelet's parameters are introduced. An amplitude attenuation formula is presented in time-frequency domain, based on the difference between the energy absorbing of the seismic wave's high frequency components propagating in visco elastic media and that of the low ones. Using the MBMSW wavelet and the Morlet wavelet as analysing wavelets, the characteristics of seismic attenuation curves are estimated with the field and synthetic data and their time resolution are compared. The robust of the method is tested by the noised synthetic data.
In this paper, a new type of analyzing wavelet named modified best matching seismic wavelets (called MBMSW wavelets)is proposed briefly, and the MBMSW wavelet's parameters are introduced. An amplitude attenuation formula is presented in time-frequency domain, based on the difference between the energy absorbing of the seismic wave's high frequency components propagating in visco elastic media and that of the low ones. Using the MBMSW wavelet and the Morlet wavelet as analysing wavelets, the characteristics of seismic attenuation curves are estimated with the field and synthetic data and their time resolution are compared. The robust of the method is tested by the noised synthetic data.
引文
1)贺振华,胡光岷,黄德济.裂缝储层地震学.成都:成都理工大学研究报告,2005
2)姜传金,陈树民,陈显森.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层气地震反演预测.见:国家自然科学基金“九五”重大项目“陆相油储地球物理理论及三维地质图像成图方法”大庆学术交流论文集,2003.74~75
[1]Grossmann A,Morlet J.Decomposition of function into wavelets of constant shape,and related transforms.In Mathematics+Physics,In:Streit L ed.Lectures on Recent Results.Singapore:World Scientific.,1985.135~165
[2]Grossmann A,Kronland-Martiner R,Morlet J.Reading and understanding continuous wavelet transforms.In:Wavelets,Time-Frequency Methods and Phase Space..1st Int.Wavelets Conf.,Marseille,1989.2~20
[3]Farge M.Wavelet transforms and their applications to turbulence.Ann.Rev.Fluid Mech.,1992,24:395~457
[4]Holschneider M.Wavelets An Analysis Tool.Oxford University Press,1995
[5]Gao J H,Wu RS,Wang BJ.Anewtype of analyzing wavelet best matching seismic wavelets and its applications extraction of theinstantaneous spectrum bandwidth.Expanded abstracts of the technical program,SEG71th annual meeting,2001
[6]Harrop J D,Taraskin S N,Elliott S R.Instantaneous frequency and amplitude identification using wavelets:Application to glass structure.Physical Review,2002E66,026703
[7]高静怀,万涛,陈文超等.三参数小波及其在地震资料分析中的应用.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1802~1812Gao J H,Wan T,Chen WC,et al.Three parameter wavelet and its applications to seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1802~1812
[8]李宏兵,赵文智,曹宏等.小波尺度域含气储层地震波衰减特征.地球物理学报,2004,47(5):892~898Li H B,Zhao W Z,Cao H,et al.Characteristics of seismic attenuation of gas reservoirs in wave domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5):892~898
[9]陈凤.地震资料属性提取的方法研究[硕士论文].西安:西安交通大学,2004Chen F.On the attributes extraction of the seismic data[Master thesis](in Chinese).Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University,2004
[10]高静怀.小波变换用于高分辨率地震资料处理及瞬时特征分析的理论与方法研究[博士论文].西安:西安交通大学,1997Gao J H.Researches on high resolution seismic data processing and instantaneous attributes analysis via wavelettransform[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Xi an:Xi an Jiaotong University,1997
[11]Sun S J,Castagna J P,Siegfried R W.Examples of Enhanced Spectral Processing in Direct Hydrocarbon Detection.AAPG Annual Meeting,Huston,2003,March1~7
[12]王大兴,辛可锋,李幼铭等.地层条件下砂岩含水饱和度对波速及衰减影响的实验研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):908~914Wang D X,Xin K F,Li Y M,et al.An experimental study of influence of water saturation on velocity and attenuation in sandstone under stratumconditions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):908~914
[13]何樵登.地震波理论.北京:地质出版社,1988He QD.Theory of Seismic Wave(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988
2)姜传金,陈树民,陈显森.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层气地震反演预测.见:国家自然科学基金“九五”重大项目“陆相油储地球物理理论及三维地质图像成图方法”大庆学术交流论文集,2003.74~75
[1]Grossmann A,Morlet J.Decomposition of function into wavelets of constant shape,and related transforms.In Mathematics+Physics,In:Streit L ed.Lectures on Recent Results.Singapore:World Scientific.,1985.135~165
[2]Grossmann A,Kronland-Martiner R,Morlet J.Reading and understanding continuous wavelet transforms.In:Wavelets,Time-Frequency Methods and Phase Space..1st Int.Wavelets Conf.,Marseille,1989.2~20
[3]Farge M.Wavelet transforms and their applications to turbulence.Ann.Rev.Fluid Mech.,1992,24:395~457
[4]Holschneider M.Wavelets An Analysis Tool.Oxford University Press,1995
[5]Gao J H,Wu RS,Wang BJ.Anewtype of analyzing wavelet best matching seismic wavelets and its applications extraction of theinstantaneous spectrum bandwidth.Expanded abstracts of the technical program,SEG71th annual meeting,2001
[6]Harrop J D,Taraskin S N,Elliott S R.Instantaneous frequency and amplitude identification using wavelets:Application to glass structure.Physical Review,2002E66,026703
[7]高静怀,万涛,陈文超等.三参数小波及其在地震资料分析中的应用.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1802~1812Gao J H,Wan T,Chen WC,et al.Three parameter wavelet and its applications to seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1802~1812
[8]李宏兵,赵文智,曹宏等.小波尺度域含气储层地震波衰减特征.地球物理学报,2004,47(5):892~898Li H B,Zhao W Z,Cao H,et al.Characteristics of seismic attenuation of gas reservoirs in wave domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5):892~898
[9]陈凤.地震资料属性提取的方法研究[硕士论文].西安:西安交通大学,2004Chen F.On the attributes extraction of the seismic data[Master thesis](in Chinese).Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University,2004
[10]高静怀.小波变换用于高分辨率地震资料处理及瞬时特征分析的理论与方法研究[博士论文].西安:西安交通大学,1997Gao J H.Researches on high resolution seismic data processing and instantaneous attributes analysis via wavelettransform[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Xi an:Xi an Jiaotong University,1997
[11]Sun S J,Castagna J P,Siegfried R W.Examples of Enhanced Spectral Processing in Direct Hydrocarbon Detection.AAPG Annual Meeting,Huston,2003,March1~7
[12]王大兴,辛可锋,李幼铭等.地层条件下砂岩含水饱和度对波速及衰减影响的实验研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):908~914Wang D X,Xin K F,Li Y M,et al.An experimental study of influence of water saturation on velocity and attenuation in sandstone under stratumconditions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):908~914
[13]何樵登.地震波理论.北京:地质出版社,1988He QD.Theory of Seismic Wave(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988
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