1597年10月6日“珲春—汪清深震区”M≥8地震触发的湖震和火山喷发
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摘要
探讨了1597年10月6日(明万历二十五年八月二十六日)地震的烈度特征,地震伴随的湖震和火山喷发,以及地震类型与规模.结果表明,1597年10月6日地震为可能发生在"珲春—汪清深震区"的一次M≥8深源地震;地震在中国东部地区产生了广泛的湖震,其多种形态可与1775年葡萄牙里斯本地震产生的湖震比拟;地震触发了望天鹅火山的一次中小规模爆发式喷发,其地点在中国吉林省长白县境内.
This paper investigates the intensity characteristics of the 6October 1597earthquake,the accompanied seismic seiches and volcanic eruption,and discusses the type and magnitude of the earthquake.The result suggests that the 6October 1597earthquake was probably agreat deep-focus earthquake with M≥8which occurred in the " Hunchun-Wangqing deep-focus seismic zone ", and the earthquake produced extensive seismic seiches in eastern China with many patterns similar to that of 1775Lisbon earthquake.The 1597earthquake triggered a small-medium scale explosive eruption of Mt.Wangtian ’ e volcano at Changbai County,Jilin Province of China.
This paper investigates the intensity characteristics of the 6October 1597earthquake,the accompanied seismic seiches and volcanic eruption,and discusses the type and magnitude of the earthquake.The result suggests that the 6October 1597earthquake was probably agreat deep-focus earthquake with M≥8which occurred in the " Hunchun-Wangqing deep-focus seismic zone ", and the earthquake produced extensive seismic seiches in eastern China with many patterns similar to that of 1775Lisbon earthquake.The 1597earthquake triggered a small-medium scale explosive eruption of Mt.Wangtian ’ e volcano at Changbai County,Jilin Province of China.
引文
①韩国国史编纂委员会(复刊),《朝鲜王朝实录》宣祖大王实录卷之九十二,页二十二、二十三;卷之九十三,页三、四.
安徽省地震局(主编).1983.安徽省地震史料辑注(公元前179—公元1949年)[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社:32.
樊祺诚,隋建立,王团华,李霓,孙谦.2007.长白山火山活动历史、岩浆演化与喷发机制探讨[J].高校地质学报,13(2):175--190.
高山泰,于岫嵋,杨清福,李玉贤,张兴科.2001.1597年振动事件是一次8级深震[C]∥李克主编.中国八级大震研究及防震减灾学术会议论文集.北京:地震出版社:16--23.
高山泰,于岫嵋,朱大庆,李玉贤,张兴科.2003.1597年10月6日中国东部的振动事件是一次深源强震[J].地震学报,25(3):324--330.
顾功叙(主编).1983.中国地震目录(公元前1831—公元1969年)[M].北京:科学出版社:61.
河南省地震局,河南省博物馆编.1980.河南地震历史资料[M].郑州:河南人民出版社:153--154.
熊季平(主编).1985.湖北地震史料汇考[M].北京:地震出版社:167.
江苏省地震局编.1987.江苏地震志[M].北京:地震出版社:345--346.
闵子群(主编).1995.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年)[M].北京:地震出版社:135--137.
山东省地震史料编辑室.1983.山东省地震史料汇编(公元前1831—公元1949年)[M].北京:地震出版社:82--83.
山西省地震局编.1991.山西地震历史资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社:231--232.
时振梁,李群,武焕英,杨玉林.1985.中国历史上一次可能的慢地震:1597年10月6日渤海地震[J].地震学报,7(3):342--347.
时振梁,张少泉,赵荣国,吴开统,陆其鹄,张敏政,卓钰如(编著).1990.历史地震烈度和震级表[M]∥地震工作手册.北京:地震出版社:288.
谭其骧(主编).1982.明时期中国历史地图集[M].北京:地图出版社:42--43,44--48,50--55,57--58,66--67.
王健.2007.渤海海域历史地震和海啸[J].地震学报,29(5):549--557.
吴戈,房贺岩,李志田,方明远等(编).1992.东北地震史料辑览[M].北京:地震出版社:23--24.
谢毓寿,蔡美彪(主编).1985.中国地震历史资料汇编(第二卷)[M].北京:科学出版社:617--620.
张秀梅(主编).1990.河北省地震资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社:106--107.
Barberopoulou A,Qamar A,Pratt T L,Creager K C,Steele W P.2004.Local amplification of seismic waves from theDenali Earthquake and damaging seiches in Lake Union,Seattle,Washington[J].Geophys Res Lett,31,L03607:5.
Barberopoulou A.2008.A seiche hazard study for Lake Union,Seattle,Washington[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,98(4):1837--1848.
Berninghausen W H.1969.Tsunamis and seismic seiches of southeast Asia[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,59(1):289--297.
Frohlich C.2006.Deep Earthquakes[M].Austin USA:University of Texas:4--13,21--25,87.
Geophysical Survey,Russia Academy of Sciences.2003a.Information message about earthquake on April 8,1999.[2011-02-18].http:∥www.ceme.gstars.ru/cgi-bin/info-quakee.pl?mode=l&id=6.
Geophysical Survey,Russia Academy of Sciences.2003b.Information message about the earthquake in Primorie on June28,2002.[2011-02-18].http:∥www.ceme.gstars.ru/cgi-bin/info-quakee.pl?mode=l&id=41.
International Seismological Centre.1973.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Ⅶ-1973-Ⅻ:114--115.
International Seismological Centre.1999.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Ⅰ-1999-Ⅵ:511.
International Seismological Centre.2002.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Jun:56--57.
Korea Meteorological Administration.2001.Earthquake Observation Repot(1979—2000)[M].Seoul Korea:Korea Me-teorological Administration:95.(in Korean)
Korea Meteorological Administration.2003.2002 SeismologicalAnnualReport[M].Seoul Korea:Korea MeteorologicalAdministration:87--88.(in Korean)
Kvale A.1955.Seismic seiches in Norway and England during the Assam earthquake of August 15,1950[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,45(2):93--113.
McGarr A,Vohis R C.1968.Seismic Seiches from the March 1964 Alaska Earthquake[R].U S Geol Surv Prof Pap,544-E:1--43.
Richter C F.1958.Elementary Seismology[M].San Francisco,Calif,W H Freeman and Co:105,109--111.
Stermitz F.1964.Effects of the Hebgen Lake Earthquake on Surface Water[R].Effects of the Hebgen Lake,Montan-a,Earthquake of August 17,1959.U S Geol Surv Prof Pap,435:139--150.
Tilling R I,Koyanagi R Y,Lipman P W,Lockwood J P,Moore J G,Swanson D A.1976.Earthquake and RelatedCatastrophic Events,Island of Hawaii,November 29,1975:A Preliminary Report[R].U S Geol Survey Circu-lar,740:1--33.
Wang J,He X,Li Y.2007.Seismic characteristics of strong deep focus earthquakes and associated phenomena in North-east Asia[C]∥Chen Y T ed.Advances in Geosciences,Vol.1(Solid Earth).Singapore:World Scientific Publishing Compa-ny:23--39.
安徽省地震局(主编).1983.安徽省地震史料辑注(公元前179—公元1949年)[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社:32.
樊祺诚,隋建立,王团华,李霓,孙谦.2007.长白山火山活动历史、岩浆演化与喷发机制探讨[J].高校地质学报,13(2):175--190.
高山泰,于岫嵋,杨清福,李玉贤,张兴科.2001.1597年振动事件是一次8级深震[C]∥李克主编.中国八级大震研究及防震减灾学术会议论文集.北京:地震出版社:16--23.
高山泰,于岫嵋,朱大庆,李玉贤,张兴科.2003.1597年10月6日中国东部的振动事件是一次深源强震[J].地震学报,25(3):324--330.
顾功叙(主编).1983.中国地震目录(公元前1831—公元1969年)[M].北京:科学出版社:61.
河南省地震局,河南省博物馆编.1980.河南地震历史资料[M].郑州:河南人民出版社:153--154.
熊季平(主编).1985.湖北地震史料汇考[M].北京:地震出版社:167.
江苏省地震局编.1987.江苏地震志[M].北京:地震出版社:345--346.
闵子群(主编).1995.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年)[M].北京:地震出版社:135--137.
山东省地震史料编辑室.1983.山东省地震史料汇编(公元前1831—公元1949年)[M].北京:地震出版社:82--83.
山西省地震局编.1991.山西地震历史资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社:231--232.
时振梁,李群,武焕英,杨玉林.1985.中国历史上一次可能的慢地震:1597年10月6日渤海地震[J].地震学报,7(3):342--347.
时振梁,张少泉,赵荣国,吴开统,陆其鹄,张敏政,卓钰如(编著).1990.历史地震烈度和震级表[M]∥地震工作手册.北京:地震出版社:288.
谭其骧(主编).1982.明时期中国历史地图集[M].北京:地图出版社:42--43,44--48,50--55,57--58,66--67.
王健.2007.渤海海域历史地震和海啸[J].地震学报,29(5):549--557.
吴戈,房贺岩,李志田,方明远等(编).1992.东北地震史料辑览[M].北京:地震出版社:23--24.
谢毓寿,蔡美彪(主编).1985.中国地震历史资料汇编(第二卷)[M].北京:科学出版社:617--620.
张秀梅(主编).1990.河北省地震资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社:106--107.
Barberopoulou A,Qamar A,Pratt T L,Creager K C,Steele W P.2004.Local amplification of seismic waves from theDenali Earthquake and damaging seiches in Lake Union,Seattle,Washington[J].Geophys Res Lett,31,L03607:5.
Barberopoulou A.2008.A seiche hazard study for Lake Union,Seattle,Washington[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,98(4):1837--1848.
Berninghausen W H.1969.Tsunamis and seismic seiches of southeast Asia[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,59(1):289--297.
Frohlich C.2006.Deep Earthquakes[M].Austin USA:University of Texas:4--13,21--25,87.
Geophysical Survey,Russia Academy of Sciences.2003a.Information message about earthquake on April 8,1999.[2011-02-18].http:∥www.ceme.gstars.ru/cgi-bin/info-quakee.pl?mode=l&id=6.
Geophysical Survey,Russia Academy of Sciences.2003b.Information message about the earthquake in Primorie on June28,2002.[2011-02-18].http:∥www.ceme.gstars.ru/cgi-bin/info-quakee.pl?mode=l&id=41.
International Seismological Centre.1973.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Ⅶ-1973-Ⅻ:114--115.
International Seismological Centre.1999.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Ⅰ-1999-Ⅵ:511.
International Seismological Centre.2002.Regional Catalogue of Earthquakes[R].Jun:56--57.
Korea Meteorological Administration.2001.Earthquake Observation Repot(1979—2000)[M].Seoul Korea:Korea Me-teorological Administration:95.(in Korean)
Korea Meteorological Administration.2003.2002 SeismologicalAnnualReport[M].Seoul Korea:Korea MeteorologicalAdministration:87--88.(in Korean)
Kvale A.1955.Seismic seiches in Norway and England during the Assam earthquake of August 15,1950[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,45(2):93--113.
McGarr A,Vohis R C.1968.Seismic Seiches from the March 1964 Alaska Earthquake[R].U S Geol Surv Prof Pap,544-E:1--43.
Richter C F.1958.Elementary Seismology[M].San Francisco,Calif,W H Freeman and Co:105,109--111.
Stermitz F.1964.Effects of the Hebgen Lake Earthquake on Surface Water[R].Effects of the Hebgen Lake,Montan-a,Earthquake of August 17,1959.U S Geol Surv Prof Pap,435:139--150.
Tilling R I,Koyanagi R Y,Lipman P W,Lockwood J P,Moore J G,Swanson D A.1976.Earthquake and RelatedCatastrophic Events,Island of Hawaii,November 29,1975:A Preliminary Report[R].U S Geol Survey Circu-lar,740:1--33.
Wang J,He X,Li Y.2007.Seismic characteristics of strong deep focus earthquakes and associated phenomena in North-east Asia[C]∥Chen Y T ed.Advances in Geosciences,Vol.1(Solid Earth).Singapore:World Scientific Publishing Compa-ny:23--39.
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