随机孔隙介质中地震波衰减分析
|
摘要
地震波在岩石中传播衰减问题一直是研究的热点之一,目前的岩石孔隙介质模型都无法全面解释地震波在岩石中的强衰减现象.根据Biot孔隙弹性理论和一般随机过程理论设计了随机孔隙介质模型来研究地震波在复杂地层岩石中的传播规律.为确保模型与地球浅层的岩石实际状况相符,模型中岩石的晶粒密度、孔隙度、渗透率与骨架模量均被设置为空间随机分布的参数,在仅考虑一种流体浸润的情况下,对随机孔隙介质进行了地震波的数值模拟.并采用两种衰减估量方法(时间域的振幅衰减法和频率域的谱比法)对波场中虚拟检波器的合成记录进行了衰减估算,给出了基于不同方法得到的两种快纵波衰减的逆品质因子.将随机孔隙介质中快纵波衰减结果与均匀孔隙介质的快纵波衰减结果对比,结果显示:均匀孔隙结构中的地震波衰减远低于随机孔隙结构,而且,在随机孔隙结构中若不均匀程度提高,则地震波的衰减会进一步加强,当不均匀程度达到σ=0.15时,快纵波的衰减因子与实际观测的经验值符合.由于数值实验的中心频率(50Hz)位于地震频段,因此我们的结果无疑进一步证实了不均匀孔隙结构是中、低频段地震波在实际地层发生强衰减的重要原因之一.
引文
1高静怀,杨森林.利用零偏移VSP资料估计介质品质因子方法研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1198—1209
2郝召兵,秦静欣,伍向阳.地震波品质因子Q研究进展综述.地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):375—381
3马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述.地球物理学进展.2005,20(4):1074—1082
4Aki K.Analysis of the seismic coda of local earthquakes as scattered waves.J Geophys Res,1969,74:615—631
5Wu R S.Attenuation of short period seismic waves due to scattering.Geophys Res Lett,1982,9:9—12
6Richards P G,Menke W.The apparent attenuation of a scattering medium.Bull Seismol Soc Am,1983,73:1005—1022
7Frankel A,Clayton R W.Finite-difference simulation of wave propagation through random media.Bull Seismol Soc Am,1984,74:2167—2186
8Frankel A,Clayton R W.Finite-difference simulations of seismic scattering implications for the propagation of short-period seismic waves in the crust and models of crustal heterogeneity.J Geophys Res,1986,91:6465—6489
9Wu R S,Aki K.Elastic wave scattering by a random medium and the small-scale inhomogeneities in the Lithosphere.J Geophys Res,1985,90(10):261—273
10Wu R S,Aki K.Scattering characteristics of elastic waves by an elastic heterogeneity.Geophysics,1985,50(4):582—595
11奚先,姚姚.二维随机介质及其波动方程正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):546—552
12姚姚,奚先.随机介质模型正演模拟及其地震波场分析.石油物探,2002,41(1):31—36
13奚先,姚姚.随机介质模型的模拟与混合型随机介质.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2002,27(1):67—71
14吴如山,安艺敬一.地震波的散射和衰减(上).北京:地震出版社,1993
15Kuster G T,Toksz M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part I.Theoretical formulations.Geophysics,1974,39(5):587—606
16Kuster G T,Toksz M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part II.experimental results.Geophysics,1974,39(5):607—618
17Berryman J B.Seismic wave attenuation in fluid-saturated porous media.Pure Appl Geophys,1988,128:423—432
18Pride S R,Berryman J G,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation due to wave-induced flow.J Geophys Res,2004,109:B01201
19Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid.I.Low-frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,1956,28:168—178
20Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid.II.Higher frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,1956,28:179—191
21Mavko G M,Nur A.Wave attenuation in partially saturated rocks.Geophysics,1979,44:161—178
22Palmer I D,Traviolia M L.Attenuation by squirt flow in undersaturated gas sands.Geophysics,1980,45:1780—1792
23White J E.Computed seismic speeds and attenuation in rocks with partial gas saturation.Geophysics,1975,40:224—232
24White J E,Mikhaylova N G,Lyakhovitskiy F M.Low-frequency seismic waves in fluid-saturated layered rocks.Izv-Phys Solid Earth,1975,11:645—659
25Ba J,Nie J X,Cao H,et al.Mesoscopic fluid flow simulation in double-porosity rocks.Geophys Res Lett,2008,35:L04303
26Geertma J.The effect of fluid pressure decline on volumetric changes of porous rocks.Petroleum Trans AIME,1957,210:169—181
27Berryman J G.Effective constants for wave propagation through partially saturated porous media.Appl Phys Lett,1985,71:1458—1468
28Ikelle L T,Yung S K,Daube F.2-D random media with ellipsoidal autocorrelation function.Geophysics,1993,58:1359—1372
29Ozdenvar T,McMechan G A.Causes and reduction of numerical artifacts in pseudo-spectral wavefield extrapolation.Geophys J Int,1996,126:819—828
30Carcione J M,Helle H B.Numerical solution of the poroviscoelastic wave equation on a staggered mesh.J Compuat Phys,1999,154:520—527
31刘炯,马坚伟,杨慧珠,等.缝洞型储层错格伪谱法模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):723—727
32Tonn R.The determination of the seismic quality factor Q from VSP data:A comparison of different computational methods.Geophys Prospect,1991,39:1—27
33Guo M Q,Fu L Y,Ba J.Comparison of stress-associated coda attenuation and intrinsic attenuation from ultrasonic measurements.Geophys J Int,2009,178:447—456
34Quan Y,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method.Geophysics,1997,62:895—905
35Sams M S,Neep J P,Worthington M H,et al.The measurement of velocity dispersion and frequency-dependent intrinsic attenuation in sedimentary rocks.Geophysics,1997,62:1456—1454
2郝召兵,秦静欣,伍向阳.地震波品质因子Q研究进展综述.地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):375—381
3马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演研究综述.地球物理学进展.2005,20(4):1074—1082
4Aki K.Analysis of the seismic coda of local earthquakes as scattered waves.J Geophys Res,1969,74:615—631
5Wu R S.Attenuation of short period seismic waves due to scattering.Geophys Res Lett,1982,9:9—12
6Richards P G,Menke W.The apparent attenuation of a scattering medium.Bull Seismol Soc Am,1983,73:1005—1022
7Frankel A,Clayton R W.Finite-difference simulation of wave propagation through random media.Bull Seismol Soc Am,1984,74:2167—2186
8Frankel A,Clayton R W.Finite-difference simulations of seismic scattering implications for the propagation of short-period seismic waves in the crust and models of crustal heterogeneity.J Geophys Res,1986,91:6465—6489
9Wu R S,Aki K.Elastic wave scattering by a random medium and the small-scale inhomogeneities in the Lithosphere.J Geophys Res,1985,90(10):261—273
10Wu R S,Aki K.Scattering characteristics of elastic waves by an elastic heterogeneity.Geophysics,1985,50(4):582—595
11奚先,姚姚.二维随机介质及其波动方程正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):546—552
12姚姚,奚先.随机介质模型正演模拟及其地震波场分析.石油物探,2002,41(1):31—36
13奚先,姚姚.随机介质模型的模拟与混合型随机介质.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2002,27(1):67—71
14吴如山,安艺敬一.地震波的散射和衰减(上).北京:地震出版社,1993
15Kuster G T,Toksz M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part I.Theoretical formulations.Geophysics,1974,39(5):587—606
16Kuster G T,Toksz M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part II.experimental results.Geophysics,1974,39(5):607—618
17Berryman J B.Seismic wave attenuation in fluid-saturated porous media.Pure Appl Geophys,1988,128:423—432
18Pride S R,Berryman J G,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation due to wave-induced flow.J Geophys Res,2004,109:B01201
19Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid.I.Low-frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,1956,28:168—178
20Biot M A.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid.II.Higher frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,1956,28:179—191
21Mavko G M,Nur A.Wave attenuation in partially saturated rocks.Geophysics,1979,44:161—178
22Palmer I D,Traviolia M L.Attenuation by squirt flow in undersaturated gas sands.Geophysics,1980,45:1780—1792
23White J E.Computed seismic speeds and attenuation in rocks with partial gas saturation.Geophysics,1975,40:224—232
24White J E,Mikhaylova N G,Lyakhovitskiy F M.Low-frequency seismic waves in fluid-saturated layered rocks.Izv-Phys Solid Earth,1975,11:645—659
25Ba J,Nie J X,Cao H,et al.Mesoscopic fluid flow simulation in double-porosity rocks.Geophys Res Lett,2008,35:L04303
26Geertma J.The effect of fluid pressure decline on volumetric changes of porous rocks.Petroleum Trans AIME,1957,210:169—181
27Berryman J G.Effective constants for wave propagation through partially saturated porous media.Appl Phys Lett,1985,71:1458—1468
28Ikelle L T,Yung S K,Daube F.2-D random media with ellipsoidal autocorrelation function.Geophysics,1993,58:1359—1372
29Ozdenvar T,McMechan G A.Causes and reduction of numerical artifacts in pseudo-spectral wavefield extrapolation.Geophys J Int,1996,126:819—828
30Carcione J M,Helle H B.Numerical solution of the poroviscoelastic wave equation on a staggered mesh.J Compuat Phys,1999,154:520—527
31刘炯,马坚伟,杨慧珠,等.缝洞型储层错格伪谱法模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):723—727
32Tonn R.The determination of the seismic quality factor Q from VSP data:A comparison of different computational methods.Geophys Prospect,1991,39:1—27
33Guo M Q,Fu L Y,Ba J.Comparison of stress-associated coda attenuation and intrinsic attenuation from ultrasonic measurements.Geophys J Int,2009,178:447—456
34Quan Y,Harris J M.Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method.Geophysics,1997,62:895—905
35Sams M S,Neep J P,Worthington M H,et al.The measurement of velocity dispersion and frequency-dependent intrinsic attenuation in sedimentary rocks.Geophysics,1997,62:1456—1454
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心