汶川地震灾区生态脆弱性评价研究
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摘要
研究汶川地震灾区生态脆弱性等级差异与空间格局特征,对合理规划土地资源和生态环境保护具有指导作用。选取资源成因、环境成因和社会经济3大体系的16个指标构建了生态脆弱性评价指标体系。利用DARE法和生态脆弱度对其评价指标进行加权分析计算,建立了4个等级生态脆弱性。结果表明,龙门山断裂带中心带及秦巴山地生态脆弱性最强,西部高原区域的生态脆弱性较强,山前平原地区为中度,东部丘陵地区生态脆弱性次之,并分析了土地利用规划现状和地震次生灾害分布对生态环境影响,证明了评价结果符合汶川地震灾区的生态环境状况。
The Wenchuan earthquake area is one of the typical vulnerable areas in our country.Its vulnerability is quite evident on account of the seismically triggered geo-hazards like debris flow and landslide,variable geography remarkably different in height and wet climate,and human activities.In the light of the analysis which involves the factors,16 indexes including productivity of water,land use ratio,farmland area per person,topography and geomorphology,geological hazard degree,social economic development level,etc.are selected in order to set up an assessment index system.The system consists of four grades by DARE(decision alternative ratio evaluation)method and weighted ecological frangibility degree in evaluation index.Results show that ecological vulnerability is the strongest in the core of Longmen Mountains fault zone and Qinba Mountains,the stronger in the western plateau,moderate in piedmont plain,and the weakest in east hilly region.The influences of the landuse status and the distribution of earthquake induced disasters on ecological environment are analyzed.Result from the evaluation is important to guide economica1 development and ecological environment construction in the Wenchuan earthquake area.
The Wenchuan earthquake area is one of the typical vulnerable areas in our country.Its vulnerability is quite evident on account of the seismically triggered geo-hazards like debris flow and landslide,variable geography remarkably different in height and wet climate,and human activities.In the light of the analysis which involves the factors,16 indexes including productivity of water,land use ratio,farmland area per person,topography and geomorphology,geological hazard degree,social economic development level,etc.are selected in order to set up an assessment index system.The system consists of four grades by DARE(decision alternative ratio evaluation)method and weighted ecological frangibility degree in evaluation index.Results show that ecological vulnerability is the strongest in the core of Longmen Mountains fault zone and Qinba Mountains,the stronger in the western plateau,moderate in piedmont plain,and the weakest in east hilly region.The influences of the landuse status and the distribution of earthquake induced disasters on ecological environment are analyzed.Result from the evaluation is important to guide economica1 development and ecological environment construction in the Wenchuan earthquake area.
引文
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[2]周嘉慧,黄晓霞.生态脆弱性评价方法评述[J].云南地理环境研究,2008,20(1):55-59.
[3]Kamaljit S B,Gladmin J,Siddappa S.Poverty,biodiver-sity and institutions in forest-agriculture ecotones in the western ghats and eastern Himalaya ranges of India[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2007,121:287-295.
[4]Mortberg U M,Balfors B,Knol WC.Landscape ecological assessment:Atool forintegrating biodiversityissuesinstra-tegic environmental assessment and planning[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2007,82:457-470.
[5]王让会,樊自立.干旱区内陆河流域生态脆弱性环境评价:以新疆塔里木河流域为例[J].生态学杂志,2001,20(3):63-68.
[6]郑荣宝,倪少春,王龙.广州市土地利用总体规划与生态脆弱性的耦合分析[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2007,17(3):70-74.
[7]周丙娟,蔡海生,陈美球.鄱阳湖区生态环境脆弱性评价及对策分析[J].生态经济,2009(4):37-41.
[8]马天柱,袁剑波.基于DARE法的公路工程施工招标评标模型研究[J].山西建筑,2007,33(5):241-242.
[9]魏金平,李萍.甘南黄河重要水源补给生态功能区生态脆弱性评价及其成因分析[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(1):174-178.
[10]谢蓉,邓楚雄,吴永兴.对汶川地震灾后重建规划的思考[J].资源开发与市场,2009,25(3):262-264.
[11]邹和平,刘玉亮,郑卓.5.12汶川大地震极震区灾害致因初析[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2009,48(2):131-135.
[12]樊杰.国家汶川地震灾后重建规划资源环境承载力评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[13]刘春红,刘邵权,刘淑珍.四川省汶川地震重灾区人居环境适宜性评价[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(S):102-108.
[14]O’Briena K,Lerchenko R,Kelkar U,et al.Mapping vulnerability to multiple stressors:Climate change and globalization in India[J].Global Environmental Change,2004,14:303-313.
[15]Dow K,Downing T E.Vulnerability research:Where things stand[J].Human Dim.Quar.,1995(1):3-5.
[16]范群.在设计招标中应用DARES确定评判因子权数的探讨[J].中国电力,1990(12):66-67.
[17]龚新梅,马媛,桂东伟,等.干旱区典型流域天然草地生态脆弱性评价研究[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,34(2):216-220.
[18]Cui P,Chen X Q,Zhu Y Y,et al.The Wenchuan Earthquake(May12,2008),Sichuan Province,Chi-na,and resulting geohazards[J].Nat.Hazards,2009,29(4):45-58.
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