地震洪水灾害与三星堆古城的毁弃
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摘要
三星堆古蜀王国的繁荣持续了1500多年,古蜀先民建立了雄伟的都城,建立了自己的国家,用自己的勤劳与智慧创造了同中原一样灿烂而又独具特色的青铜文化。然而就在古蜀文明在向世人展开它神秘面纱的同时,又像它的出现一样突然地消失了……。三星堆古城缘何被毁弃?水患说、战争说、迁徙说等等,众说纷纭、莫衷一是!三星堆古城,北邻鸭子河,马牧河由西向东贯穿全城,平心而论,河水上涨进而对古城造成毁灭的可能几乎不存在。本文结合三星堆古城所处的龙门山地域,从古蜀人的生存环境分析,解读古蜀历史上的地震洪水传说与文献记载,再结合"5·12"汶川大地震造成山体崩塌、堰塞湖溃决为特大洪水的思考,认为确实是洪水灾害中断了三星堆古城文明,但不是一般的水患,而是地震洪水让三星堆沦为荒郊野地,造成了三星堆古城的毁弃。
Why was Sangxingdui deserted? There are various sayings,such as flood,war and migration.Based on the analysis of the Longmen mountain that the ancient city Sanxingdui located and the living environment of the ancient Shu people,this paper interprets the legend of flood caused by earthquake and documentary records in the history of ancient Shu Kingdom in the combination of the mountain collapse caused by 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake with the extraordinary flood caused by avalanche lake burst.Therefore,the author believes that it was the flood that broke off Sangxingdui's ancient city civilization;however it was not a common flood but flood caused by earthquake that made Sangxingdui descend to desertedness.
Why was Sangxingdui deserted? There are various sayings,such as flood,war and migration.Based on the analysis of the Longmen mountain that the ancient city Sanxingdui located and the living environment of the ancient Shu people,this paper interprets the legend of flood caused by earthquake and documentary records in the history of ancient Shu Kingdom in the combination of the mountain collapse caused by 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake with the extraordinary flood caused by avalanche lake burst.Therefore,the author believes that it was the flood that broke off Sangxingdui's ancient city civilization;however it was not a common flood but flood caused by earthquake that made Sangxingdui descend to desertedness.
引文
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[2]林向.从三星堆到金沙——寻找失落的三星堆古城[J].文史知识,2006,(8):122-127.
[3]李绍先.论鳖灵部落西进、“王蜀”之历史进程[J].德阳教育学院学报,2005,(3):10-14.
[3]刘兴诗.古蜀文明探秘[M].成都:四川辞书出版社,2011.
[5]任乃强.四川上古史新探[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1986.
[6]尹达.尹达史学论著选集[M].北京:人民出版社,1989.
[7]淮南子.天文训[M].延边:延边大学出版社,2001.
[8]蒙文通.略论《山海经》的写作时代及其产生地域[A].中华文史论丛(第1辑)[C].北京:中华书局,1962.
[9]阿波.共工其人其事[J].文史杂志,2008,(2):45-47.
[10]袁珂校.山海经校注[M].成都:巴蜀书社,1993.
[11]班固.汉书[M].颜师古注.北京:中华书局,2000.
[12]刘琳校注.华阳国志[M].成都:成都时代出版社,2007.
[13]国语韦解补正[Z].北京:商务印书馆,1915.
[14]谭继和.禹文化西兴东渐简论[J].四川文物,1998,(6):8-13.
[15]许慎.说文解字(附检字)[M].北京:中华书局出版,1963.
[16]四川省文史研究馆编.成都城市与水利研究[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1997.
[17]许蓉生.水与成都——成都城市水文化[M].成都:巴蜀书社,2006.
[18]德阳市志[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2003.
[19]李晓明等.龙门山断裂带[N].文摘周报,2008-05-16.
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