国家航空应急救援体系构建:框架与路径
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摘要
当前,在应对非常规突发事件的过程中,我国航空救援力量存在总量不足、质量不优、沟通不畅、整合不够等突出问题,建立国家层面的航空应急救援体系势在必行。本文基于我国国情对空军、武警公安、民航等航空救援力量的体系架构提出了系统整合与优化建议。为实现我国航空救援体系"量变到质变"、"分散到合成"的根本转变,本文从宏观层面提出了统筹规划、柔性使用空域、协调联动、平战结合的四项原则和相应的对策建议。
There are still some problems of air rescue forces in China, such as inadequate supply and low quality resources, poor communications and lack of integration among interested parties, etc. It's essential to establish the national aviation rescue system. This thesis offers a proposal to improve the air force, national and police aircraft, civil aviation aircraft and the other forces harmoniously. The air rescue system should realize the transformation from quantitative change to qualitative change, and from dispersed parts to integrated system. Thus, Four principles in macro level have been proposed to improve and perfect the integrated air rescue system, which consist of the concept of overall planning, flexible use of airspace, coordinate linkage, and combination of peacetime and wartime.
There are still some problems of air rescue forces in China, such as inadequate supply and low quality resources, poor communications and lack of integration among interested parties, etc. It's essential to establish the national aviation rescue system. This thesis offers a proposal to improve the air force, national and police aircraft, civil aviation aircraft and the other forces harmoniously. The air rescue system should realize the transformation from quantitative change to qualitative change, and from dispersed parts to integrated system. Thus, Four principles in macro level have been proposed to improve and perfect the integrated air rescue system, which consist of the concept of overall planning, flexible use of airspace, coordinate linkage, and combination of peacetime and wartime.
引文
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[2]刘平.建立民航独立的航空救援系统[J].中国民用航空,2008(7).
[3]李志男,王新新.完善航空应急救援体系[J].科技导报,2012(31).
[4]中国新闻网.芦山地震:空军发挥机动优势争分夺秒全力救灾[N].http://www.chinanews.com/mil/2013/04-23/4754522.shtml.
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[7]焦静波.尽快建成航空应急救援体系仍是当务之急——专访中国工程院院士刘大响[N].中国航空报,2013-07-13.
[8]中国民用航空局飞行标准司.2012年商业类通用和小型运输运行概况.信息通告(IB-FS-2013-01),2013-4-12.
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[10]民政部国家减灾中心,联合国开发计划署.汶川地震救灾救援工作研究报告[R].国家减灾中心与联合国开发署早期恢复和灾难风险管理项目,2009.3.
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[12]曹海峰,王文俊,张向晖.浅谈如何全面提升民航突发事件应急管理水平[J].交通企业管理,2012(7).
[13]Karsten Reinhardt.Principlesfortheadvancementoftheairrescuesystemin Germany[J],Air Medical Journal,Vol.3,No.19,2000.
[14]张广林,段勇,李昊.国外航空救援体系的发展.中国应急管理,2010(6).
[15]刘明,李桂进,谢智辉,李海鹏.通用航空救灾启示录(三)[J].中国民用航空,2009(6).
[16]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA).Emergency Support Function#9-Searchand Rescue Annex[DB/OL],http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-esf-09.pdf.
[17]Federal Aviation Administration(FAA).AC00-59-Integrating Helicopterand Tiltrotor Assetsinto Disaster Relief Planning[DB/OL],http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rg Advisory Circular.nsf/list/AC%2000-59/$FILE/ac00-59.pdf.
[2]刘平.建立民航独立的航空救援系统[J].中国民用航空,2008(7).
[3]李志男,王新新.完善航空应急救援体系[J].科技导报,2012(31).
[4]中国新闻网.芦山地震:空军发挥机动优势争分夺秒全力救灾[N].http://www.chinanews.com/mil/2013/04-23/4754522.shtml.
[5]柏蓓.应急救援呼唤通航发展加快步伐[N].中国民航报,2013-05-03.
[6]Flightglobal.World Air Forces,http://now.eloqua.com/e/f2.aspx.
[7]焦静波.尽快建成航空应急救援体系仍是当务之急——专访中国工程院院士刘大响[N].中国航空报,2013-07-13.
[8]中国民用航空局飞行标准司.2012年商业类通用和小型运输运行概况.信息通告(IB-FS-2013-01),2013-4-12.
[9]李瞰.直升机应急救援体系有待进一步完善[N].中国青年报,2013-05-10.
[10]民政部国家减灾中心,联合国开发计划署.汶川地震救灾救援工作研究报告[R].国家减灾中心与联合国开发署早期恢复和灾难风险管理项目,2009.3.
[11]中国民用航空局发展计划司.2012年全国机场生产统计公报[N].中国民航报,2013-03-28.
[12]曹海峰,王文俊,张向晖.浅谈如何全面提升民航突发事件应急管理水平[J].交通企业管理,2012(7).
[13]Karsten Reinhardt.Principlesfortheadvancementoftheairrescuesystemin Germany[J],Air Medical Journal,Vol.3,No.19,2000.
[14]张广林,段勇,李昊.国外航空救援体系的发展.中国应急管理,2010(6).
[15]刘明,李桂进,谢智辉,李海鹏.通用航空救灾启示录(三)[J].中国民用航空,2009(6).
[16]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA).Emergency Support Function#9-Searchand Rescue Annex[DB/OL],http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-esf-09.pdf.
[17]Federal Aviation Administration(FAA).AC00-59-Integrating Helicopterand Tiltrotor Assetsinto Disaster Relief Planning[DB/OL],http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rg Advisory Circular.nsf/list/AC%2000-59/$FILE/ac00-59.pdf.
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